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How to enhance agricultural plastic waste management in China?Insights from public participation

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2127-2143页

作者： Aibo Hao thomas Dogot Changbin Yin State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Economics and Rural Development Laboratory TERRA Teaching and Research CentreGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of LiègeGembloux B-5030Belgium Research Center for Agricultural Green Development in China Beijing 100081China

Agricultural plastics play a pivotal role in agricultural ***,due to expensive costs,agricultural plastic waste management(APWM)encounters a vast funding *** one of the crucial stakeholders,the public deserves to make appropriate efforts for ***,identifying whether the public is willing to pay for APWM and clarifying the decisions’driving pathways to explore initiatives for promoting their payment intentions are essential to address the dilemma confronting *** this end,by applying the extended theory of planned behavior(TPB),the study conducted an empirical analysis based on 1,288 residents from four provinces(autonomous regions)of northern *** illustrate that:1)respondents hold generally positive and relatively strong payment willingness towards APWM;2)respondents’attitude(AT),subjective norm(SN),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)are positively correlated with their payment intentions(INT);3)environmental cognition(EC)and environmental emotion(EE)positively moderate the relationships between AT and INT,and between SN and INT,posing significant indirect impacts on *** study’s implications extend to informing government policies,suggesting that multi-entity cooperation,specifically public payment for APWM,can enhance agricultural non-point waste management.

关键词： agricultural plastic waste extended theory of planned behavior public payment environmental cognition environmental emotion

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Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong Kong: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： Jinglu Song Yi Lu thomas Fischer Kejia Hu Department of Urban Planning and Design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong, China. Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk reduction

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Utilizing blockchains in opportunistic networks for integrity and confidentiality

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 31-38页

作者： Samaneh Rashidibajgan thomas Hupperich Cyber Security Department of Information SystemsUniversity of Münster80539 MünsterGermany

Opportunistic networks(OppNets)are usually a set of smart,wearable,and portable devices or entities with mobility that connect wirelessly without requiring *** a network is of great importance in data transmission,particularly in incidents and disasters,whether man-made or ***,message integrity and confidentiality are of concern when dealing with vital and physiological data transmission under strict privacy *** this work,we propose a structure to classify messages based on their priority in different ***,due to the decentralized architecture of OppNets,we propose a blockchain-based structure for providing security for high-priority *** contains three sequences of functional blocks with a light and simplified implementation that make it suitable for battery-powered wearable devices that are limited in energy consumption and computational *** simulation results show that by increasing the number of nodes in the network,the average of the changes in block sizes is neglectable,which addresses the computation ***,we analyze the performance of the proposed structure in terms of message delivery and network overhead compared with the Epidemic and Prophet routing *** results indicate advancing the overall performance of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Opportunistic networks Blockchain Message integrity Message confidentiality

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Aulacaspis yasumatsui infestations accelerate Cycas leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 681-684页

作者： thomas E.MARLER Bagong Kaalaman Botanikal Institute 15 Rizal StreetBarangay MalabañasAngeles City 2009(Philippines)

Dear Editor,Numerous aspects of ecosystem ecology are influenced by insects(Prasad,2022).Herbivory of plant organs by insects may influence the biogeochemistry of forests by changing the speed of litter decomposition(Schowalter,2022).Cycas micronesica *** is the only native gymnosperm in the Mariana *** once-abundant tree experienced no known lethal threats prior to the 2003 invasion of Guam by the scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi(Marler,2012).This insular case study has been the subject of abundant research(Marler et al.,2021).Changes to leaf litter chemistry improved litter quality following *** infestations(Marler and Dongol,2016),but the prediction of increased decomposition speed has not been confirmed with experimental incubations.

关键词： litter fir release

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Drivers for Inter-city Innovation Networks Across Chinese Cities:Modelling Physical Versus Intangible Effects

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 706-721页

作者： GAO Yujie SCHERNGELL thomas NEULÄNDTNER Martina School of Applied Economics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Center for Innovation Systems&Policy Austrian Institute of TechnologyVienna 1210Austria

Cross-region innovation is widely recognized as an important source of the long-term regional innovation *** the recent past,a growing number of studies has investigated the network structure and mechanisms of cross-region innovation collaboration in various ***,existing research mainly focuses on physical effects,such as geographical distance and high-speed railway *** studies ignore the intangible drivers in a changing environment,the more digitalized economy and the increasingly solidified innovation network ***,the focus of this study is on estimating determinants of innovation networks,especially on intangible drivers,which have been largely neglected so *** city-level data of Chinese patents(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan Province of China),we trace innovation networks across Chinese cities over a long period of *** integrating a measure on Information and Communications Technology(ICT)development gap and network structural effects into the general proximity framework,this paper explores the changing mechanisms of Chinese innovation networks from a new *** results show that the structure of cross-region innovation networks has changed in *** mechanisms behind this development,the results confirm the increasingly important role of intangible drivers in Chinese inter-city innovation collaboration when controlling for effects of physical proximity,such as geographical *** digitalization and coordinated development are the mainstream trends in China and other developing countries,these countries'inter-city innovation collaboration patterns will witness dramatic changes under the influence of intangible drivers.

关键词： inter-city innovation network co-patents information and communications technology development network structural effect spatial interaction model China

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Surface wave inversion with unknown number of soil layers based on a hybrid learning procedure of deep learning and genetic algorithm

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 345-358页

作者： Zan Zhou thomas Man-Hoi Lok Wan-Huan Zhou Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina

Surface wave inversion is a key step in the application of surface waves to soil velocity ***,a common practice for the process of inversion is that the number of soil layers is assumed to be known before using heuristic search algorithms to compute the shear wave velocity profile or the number of soil layers is considered as an optimization ***,an improper selection of the number of layers may lead to an incorrect shear wave velocity *** this study,a deep learning and genetic algorithm hybrid learning procedure is proposed to perform the surface wave inversion without the need to assume the number of soil ***,a deep neural network is adapted to learn from a large number of synthetic dispersion curves for inferring the layer ***,the shear-wave velocity profile is determined by a genetic algorithm with the known layer *** applying this procedure to both simulated and real-world cases,the results indicate that the proposed method is reliable and efficient for surface wave inversion.

关键词： surface wave inversion analysis shear-wave velocity profile deep neural network genetic algorithm

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Proximity-dependent protein (de)stabilization: screening the human ORFeome for protein degraders and stabilizers

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3161-3162页

作者： thomas Hermanns Kay Hofmann Institute for Genetics University of CologneCologneGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Poirson et *** an unbiased screen for proteins that can either bring about-or prevent-the destruction of proteinaceous model substrates in a proximity-dependent *** of such protein degraders and stabilizers will be instrumental in the development of new drug classes that specifically regulate the abundance of their target proteins.

关键词： al. stabilization stabilizers

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Learning the optimal power flow:Environment design matters

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 432-443页

作者： thomas Wolgast Astrid Nieße Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Department of Computing ScienceDigitalized Energy SystemsAmmerländer Heerstraße 114-118Oldenburg26129Germany

To solve the optimal power flow(OPF)problem,reinforcement learning(RL)emerges as a promising new ***,the RL-OPF literature is strongly divided regarding the exact formulation of the OPF problem as an RL *** this work,we collect and implement diverse environment design decisions from the literature regarding training data,observation space,episode definition,and reward function *** an experimental analysis,we show the significant impact of these environment design options on RL-OPF training ***,we derive some first recommendations regarding the choice of these design *** created environment framework is fully open-source and can serve as a benchmark for future research in the RL-OPF field.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Optimal power flow Environment design Economic Dispatch Voltage control Reactive power market

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Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser-solid interactions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 40-53页

作者： Long Yang Martin Rehwald thomas Kluge Alejandro LasoGarcia Toma Toncian Karl Zeil Ulrich Schramm thomas E.Cowan Lingen Huang Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser *** particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10^(17) A/m^(2) and lifetime of 100 *** results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β,i.e.,the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic *** targets with small radius and low atomic number Z,the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression *** to a scaling law,as the target radius and Z increase,the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent ***,an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion *** results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar(100 TPa)to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses,offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.

关键词： shock convergent return

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Spatiotemporal characteristics of cultivated land use eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in China from 2000 to 2020

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 396-414页

作者： LI Shaoting MU Na REN Yanjun thomas GLAUBEN College of Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Sino-German Center for Agricultural and Food Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle 06120Germany

Improving cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE)can effectively promote agricultural sustainability,particularly in developing countries where CLUE is generally *** study used provincial-level data from China to evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of CLUE from 2000 to 2020 and identified the influencing factors of CLUE by using a panel Tobit *** addition,given the undesirable outputs of agricultural production,we incorporated carbon emissions and nonpoint source pollution into the global benchmark-undesirable output-super efficiency-slacks-based measure(GB-US-SBM)model,which combines global benchmark technology,undesirable output,super efficiency,and slacks-based *** results indicated that there was an upward trend in CLUE in China from 2000 to 2020,with an increase rate of 2.62%.The temporal evolution of CLUE in China could be classified into three distinct stages:a period of fluctuating decrease(2000-2007),a phase of gradual increase(2008-2014),and a period of rapid growth(2015-2020).The major grain-producing areas(MPAs)had a lower CLUE than their counterparts,namely,non-major grain-production areas(non-MPAs).The spatial agglomeration effect followed a northeast-southwest strip distribution;and the movement path of barycentre revealed a"P"shape,with Luoyang City,Henan Province,as the *** terms of influencing factors of CLUE,investment in science and technology played the most vital role in improving CLUE,while irrigation index had the most negative *** should be noted that these two influencing factors had different impacts on MPAs and ***,relevant departments should formulate policies to enhance the level of science and technology,improve irrigation condition,and promote sustainable utilization of cultivated land.

关键词： cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE) slacks-based measure(SBM)model barycentre model standard deviation ellipse(SDE) panel Tobit model carbon emissions nonpoint source pollution

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