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Daily activity rhythms, chronotypes, and risk-taking behavior in the signal crayfish

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 177-183页

作者： Valerio sBRAGAGLIA thomas BREITHAUPT Department of Marine Renewable Resources Marine Science Institute(ICM-CSIC)Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta3708003 BarcelonaSpain Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesMüggelseedamm 31012587 BerlinGermany Department of Biological and Marine sciences University of HullCottingham RoadHull HU67RXUK

Consistent inter-individual differences in daily activity rhythms(i.e.,chronotypes)can have ecological consequences in determining access to food resources.a.d avoidance of *** most common measure to characterize chronotypes in animals.a. well as humans is the onset of activity(i.e.,early or late chronotypes).However,daily activity rhythms may also differ in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time ***,chronotypes may also be linked to other consistent inter-individual differences in behavior(i.e.,personality),such as the propensity to take ***,we used the signal crayfish Pacifas.a.us leniusculusto test the presence of chronotypes.a.d risk-taking personality traits.a.d a potential behavioral syndrome between these *** first exposed crayfish to 5 days of light-darkness to measure daily activity rhythms.a.d then we applied a vis.a. predator-simulating stimulus in 2 different contexts(neutral and food).Our results showed consistent(i.e.,across 5 days)inter-individual differences in the relative nocturnal activity displayed in the early and middle,but not in the late part of darkness ***,while crayfish displayed inter-individual differences in risk-taking behavior,these were not found to be consistent across 2 ***,we were not able to formally test a behavioral syndrome between these 2 *** conclusion,our study provides the first evidence of chronotypes in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time *** could be a valuable information for applied ecological aspects related to the signal crayfish,which is.a.major invasive species of freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： behavioral syndrome biological rhythms boldness feeding locomotor activity

Occurrence of an endangered grass.a.d butterfly is mainly driven by habitat heterogeneity,food availability,and microclimate

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Insect science 2022年第4期29卷 1211-1225页

作者： Gwydion scherer thomas Fartmann Department of Biodiversity and Lands.a.e Ecology University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany Institute of Biodiversity and Lands.a.e Ecology(IBL) MünsterGermany

The Marsh Fritillary(Euphydryas.a.rinia)was once widespread in large parts of Central ***,in the course of the last century,populations of the butterfly largely ***,we surveyed patch and microhabitat occupancy and its drivers in one of the last vital populations in calcareous *** study revealed that environmental conditions.a. the lands.a.e and habitat level determined the occurrence of *** in a montane agricultural lands.a.e with low land-use *** occupancy increased with the cover of Devil's-bit s.a.ious(succisa pratensis)grass.a.ds in the surroundings of the patches,habitat heterogeneity and host-plant *** occupancy was driven by a warm microclimate and high availability of host *** the well-connected lands.a.e of nutrient-poor grass.a.ds,patch occupancy of *** was driven by parameters defining a high habitat *** heterogeneity very likely buffers *** populations.a.ainst environmental stochasticity and,hence,enhances long-term *** the gregariously feeding caterpillars of ***,host-plant biomass is *** to their more luxuriant growth,*** plants were clearly preferred,although the Glossy s.a.ious(s.a.iosa lucida)was.a.so ***,the growth of large succisa plants was favored by soil humidity and grass.a.d *** cope with the adverse macro-and mesoclimatic conditions of the study area,females of the butterfly selected host plants growing in extraordinarily warm microhabitats for *** secure long-term viability of *** populations,we recommend creating mosaics of traditionally managed grass.a.ds.a.d early s.a.es of abandonment within the patches.

关键词： agricultural lands.a.e calcarcous grass.a.d hay meadow host-plant abundance land-use change traditional management

Finite morphisms of projective and K■hler manifolds

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science China Mathematics 2008年第4期51卷 685-694页

作者： thomas PETERNELL Mathematisches Institut Universit■t Bayreuth

In this paper we study finite morphisms of projective and compact K■hler manifolds, in particular,positivity properties of the associated vector bundle,deformation theory and ramified endomorphisms.

关键词： finite morphism deformation Galois covering ample vector bundle Fano manifold

Paralinearization of the Dirichlet-Neumann operator and applications to progressive gravity waves Dedicated to the NsFC-CNRs Chinese-French summer institute on fluid mechanics in 2010

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science China Mathematics 2012年第2期55卷 207-220页

作者： ALAZARD thomas DMAet CNRs UMR 8553 Ecole Normale Supdrieure 45 rue d＇Ulm 75005 Paris France

This note presents.a.paradifferential approach to the analysis of the water waves equations.

关键词： incompressible Euler equation free surface paradifferential calculus

Numerical simulation on inclusion transport in continuous casting mold

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Journal of University of science and Technology Beijing 2006年第4期13卷 293-300页

作者： Lifeng Zhang Brian G thomas Department of Materials science ＆ Engineering Norwegian University of Science ＆ Technology （NTNU） Alfred Getz vei 2 N-7491 Trondheim Norway University of Illinois.a. Urbana-Champaign 1206 W. Green St. Urbana IL 61801 USA

Turbulent flow, the transpor＇t of inclusions.a.d bubbles, and inclusion removal by fluid flow, transport and by bubble flotation in the strand of the continuous s.a. caster are investigated using computational models, and validated through comparison with plant measurements of inclusions. steady 3-D flow of steel in the liquid pool in the mold and upper strand is simulated with a finitedifference computational model using the s.a.dard k-εturbulence rondel. Trajectories of inclusions.a.d bubhles tire calculated by integrating each local velocity, considering its drag and buoyancy forces, A ＂random walk＂ model is used to incorporate the effect of turbulent fluctuations on the particle motion. The attachment probability of inclusions on a bubble surface is investigated based on fundamental fluid flow simulations, incorporating the turbulent inclusion trajectory and sliding time of each individual inclusion along the bubble surface as.a.function of particle and bubble size. The chunge in inclusion distribution due to removal by bubble transport in the mold is calculated based on the computed attachment probability of inclusions on each bubble and the computed path length of the bubbles. The results indicate that 6%-10% inclusions.a.e removed by fluid flow transport. 10% by bubble flotation, and 4% by entrapment to the submerged entry nozzle （sEN） walls. s.a.ler bubbles.a.d larger inclusions have larger attachment probabilities. s.a.ler bubbles.a.e more efficient for inclusion removal by bubble flotation, so Inng as they are not entrapped in the solidifying shell A larger gas flow rate favors inclusion removal by bubble flotation. The optimum bubble size should be 2-4mm.

关键词： inclusion removal fluid flow transport bubble flotation continuous casting mold attachment probability

Effect of MWCNT reinforcement on the precipitation-hardening behavior of AA2219

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第1期25卷 53-61页

作者： shijo thomas Umasankar V. school of Mechanical and Building sciences VIT University

Aluminum alloy matrix composites have found a predominant place in res.a.ch, and their applications.a.e explored in almost all industries. The aeros.a.e industry has been using precipitation-hardenable alloys in structural applications. However, insufficient literature is.a.ailable on the influence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） on precipitation-hardenable alloy composite materials; thus, this work was designed to elucidate the effect on MWCNT reinforcement on AA2219 with and without precipitation hardening. Reinforcement with MWCNTs has been reported to accelerate precipitation and to achieve greater hardness within a much shorter time. The addition of 0.75wt% MWCNTs resulted in maximal hardness.a. 90 min, which is.a.proximately 27% of improvement over the maximum hardness.a.hieved by the corresponding monolithic alloy after 10 h of aging. The sample reinforced with 0.75wt% MWCNTs showed an improve- ment of 82% in hardness by solutionizing and aging compared to that achieved by sintering.

关键词： aluminum metal-matrix composites multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) powder metallurgy heat treatment precipitation hardening

Microstructural banding of directed energy deposition-additively manufactured 316L s.a.nless steel

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2021年第10期69卷 96-105页

作者： Yoon Hwa Christopher s.Kumai thomas M.Devine Nancy Yang Joshua K.Yee Ryan Hardwick Kai Burgmann Department of Materials science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA sandia National Laboratory LivermoreCA.94551USA

The microstructures of 316L s.a.nless steel created by rapid solidification are investigated by comparing the similar microstructures of individual hatches of directed energy deposition additive manufacturing(DED-AM)and those of single,laser surface-melted tracks formed on a solid *** recoil pressure,which is exponentially dependent on the laser beam power density,induces convection of the melt pool,which causes formation of microstructural bands in the as-solidified *** microstructural bands.a.e associated with changes in the chromium concentration and are a significant component of the inhomogeneous microstructure of DED-AM.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Directed energy deposition s.a.nless steel Rapid solidification Recoil pressure Microstructure

Demystifying airline syncope

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第3期12卷 107-109页

作者： thomas Kingsley Robert Kirchoff James s Newman Rahul Chaudhary Division of Hospital Internal Medicine Department of Internal MedicineHospital Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis IndianapolisIA 46202United States

syncope forms.a.major part of medical in-flight emergencies contributing one-infour in-flight medical events.a.counting to 70%of flight *** such patients,it is important to elucidate the pathophysiology of syncope prior to *** hypotension is the most common etiology of in-flight syncopal ***,individuals without any underlying autonomic dysfunction can still experience syncope from hypoxia also known as.a.rline *** steps in managing such patients include positioning followed by the airway,breathing and circulation of *** interventions need to be in close coordination with ground control to determine decision for flight *** which have been tried for prevention include mental challenge and increased salt and fluid *** current paper enhances the unders.a.ding of airline syncope by summarizing the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms.a.d the management medical personnel can initiate with limited resources.

关键词： syncope Airline syncope Aviation Pathophysiology Hypoxic syncope Inflight emergency

Effects of temperature and solvent concentration on the solvent crys.a.lization of palm-based dihydroxystearic acid with isopropyl alcohol

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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 127-131页

作者： Gregory F.L. Koay Teong-Guan Chuah sumaiya Zainal-Abidin salmiah Ahmad thomas s.Y. Choong Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Director General's Office Malaysian Rubber Board

Palm-based dihydroxystearic acid of 69.55% purity was produced in a 500-kg-per-batch operation pilot plant and purified through solvent crys.a.lization in a custom fabricated simultaneous batch crys.a.lizer unit. The effects of temperature and solvent concentration on yield, particle size distribution and purity were studied. The purity was higher, while the yield and particle size were lower and s.a.ler, respectively, at higher temperature and solvent concentration. The solvent crys.a.lization process efficiency was rated at 66-69% when carried out with 70-80% isopropyl alcohol at 20℃.

关键词： Dihydroxystearic acidPilot plant operationsolvent crys.a.lizationsimultaneous batch crys.a.lizerProcess efficiency