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A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic rF interference in real time with picosecond latency

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang Joshua C.Lederman thomas Ferreira de Lima Jiawei Zhang simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin J.Shastri Paul r.Prucnal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEC Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

Sepsis during short bowel syndrome hospitalizations:Identifying trends,disparities,and clinical outcomes in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 26-36页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Jennifer Wachala Shantanu Solanki Dhanshree Solanki Asim Kichloo Samantha Holcomb Uvesh Mansuri Khwaja Saad Haq Hassam Ali Manesh Kumar Gangwani Yash r Shah Teresa Varghese Hafiz Muzaffar Akbar Khan simon Peter Horslen thomas D Schiano Syed-Mohammed Jafri Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CenterWatertownNY 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&Nutrition The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine Institute for Foreign Medical Graduate EducationHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Harbor HospitalBaltimoreMD 21225United States Department of Internal Medicine WellStar Spalding Regional HospitalGriffinGA 30224United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219United States Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMI 48202United States

BACKGrOUND Short bowel syndrome(SBS)hospitalizations are often complicated with *** is a significant paucity of data on adult SBS hospitalizations in the United States and across the *** To assess trends and outcomes of SBS hospitalizations complicated by sepsis in the United *** The National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify all adult SBS hospitalizations between *** study cohort was further divided based on the presence or absence of *** were identified,and hospitalization characteristics and clinical outcomes were *** of mortality for SBS hospitalizations complicated with sepsis were *** Of 247097 SBS hospitalizations,21.7%were complicated by *** SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend of hospitalizations from 20.8%in 2005 to 23.5%in 2014(P trendred to non-septic SBS hospitalizations,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of males(32.8%vs 29.3%,Proups,and ethnic minorities,i.e.,Blacks(12.4%vs 11.3%,Prthermore,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of patients with intestinal transplantation(0.33%vs 0.22%,Prtality(8.5%vs 1.4%,Pred to the non-sepsis cohort.A younger age,female gender,White race,and presence of comorbidities such as anemia and depression were identified to be independent predictors of inpatient mortality for septic SBS *** Septic SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend between 2005-2014 and were associated with higher inpatient mortality compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations.

关键词： Short bowel syndrome Sepsis Outcomes Mortality Trends

A review of the effects of forest fire on soil properties

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Journal of Forestry research 2022年第5期33卷 1419-1441页

作者： Alex Amerh Agbeshie simon Abugre thomas Atta-Darkwa richard Awuah Department of Environmental Management University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana Department of Forest Science University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana

Forest fires are key ecosystem modifiers affecting the biological,chemical,and physical attributes of forest *** extent of soil disturbance by fire is largely dependent on fire intensity,duration and recurrence,fuel load,and soil *** impact on soil properties is intricate,yielding different results based on these *** paper reviews research investigating the effects of wildfire and prescribed fire on the biological and physico-chemical attributes of forest soils and provides a summary of current knowledge associated with the benefits and disadvantages of such ***-intensity fires with ash deposition on soil surfaces cause changes in soil chemistry,including increase in available nutrients and *** intensity fires are noted for the complete combustion of organic matter and result in severe negative impacts on forest *** intensity fires result in nutrient volatilization,the break down in soil aggregate stability,an increase soil bulk density,an increase in the hydrophobicity of soil particles leading to decreased water infiltration with increased erosion and destroy soil *** soil heating(> 120℃) from high-intensity forest fires is detrimental to the soil ecosystem,especially its physical and biological *** this regard,the use of prescribed burning as a management tool to reduce the fuel load is highly recommended due to its low intensity and limited soil ***,the use of prescribed fires to manage fuel loads is critically needed in the light of current global warming as it will help prevent increased wildfire *** review provides information on the impact of forest fires on soil properties,a key feature in the maintenance of healthy *** addition,the review should prompt comprehensive soil and forest management regimes to limit soil disturbance and restore fire-disturbed soil ecosystems.

关键词： Forest fires Low-severity fire Mineralization Soil available nutrients Soil organic matter Volatilization

International Eclogite Field Symposium and Workshop of the Task Force IV, International Lithosphere Program

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Episodes 2008年第3期31卷 351-352页

作者： Lapen, thomas Cuthbert, simon Dobrzhinetskaya, Larissa Univ Houston Dept Geosci ILP Houston TX 77204 USA Univ W Scotland Chair Inst Ecol Field Symposium Org Committee Sch Sci & Engn Paisley PA1 2BE Renfrew Scotland Univ Calif riverside ILP Dept Earth Sci Riverside CA 92521 USA

The 2007 International Eclogite Field Sym- posium held in Portree, Isle of Skye, Scotland from June 29th to July 6th was a joint meeting of the International Eclogite Confer- ence, International Lithosphere Program Task Force IV ＂Ultra-deep Continental Crust Subduction＂, and the Metamorphic Studies Group. The Symposium consisted of two days of conference sessions and inter-, pre- and post-conference field excursions. The thematic conference included two sessions,

关键词：榴辉岩岩石圈国际组织地理信息

An evolutionary perspective on conflict and compensation in physiological and functional traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 755-767页

作者： Jerry F. HUSAK simon r LAILVAUX Department of Biology University of St. Thomas 2115 Summit Avenue St Paul MN 55105 USA Department of Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans LA 70148 USA

Physiological and functional traits, especially those related to behavior and whole-organism performance capacities, are subject to a variety of both parallel and opposing natural and sexual selection pressures. These selection pressures show considerable interspeciflc variation, shaping contemporary behavioral and functional diversity, but the form and intensity of selection on physiological and functional traits can also vary intraspecifically. The same suites of traits can experience quite different se- lection pressures, depending on the sex or age of a given individual, as well as the presence and nature of alternative reproductive strategies and tactics. These inter- and intra-locus genetic conflicts have potentially important consequences for the evolutionary trajectories of traits subject to them. Consequently, any intraspecific conflicts which could displace traits from their selective op- tima in certain classes of individuals relative to others are expected to result in selection for mechanisms to compensate for devia- tion from those optima. Such conflicts include interlocus sexual conflict, intralocus sexual conflict, and interacting phenotypes, as well as conflict within a sex. In this paper, we consider the evidence for, and implications of, such conflicts for physiological and functional traits in diverse taxa, including both vertebrates and invertebrates, and evaluate the various mechanisms, ranging from behavioral and mechanical to energetic and genetic, enabling compensation. We also discuss how pre- and post-mating conflicts, as well as interacting phenotypes, might affect the evolution of behavior and physiological and functional traits. Investigators that seek to understand the links among behavior, morphology, physiology, and function should consider such conflicts.

关键词： Sexual Conflict Compensation Sexual Selection Whole-organism Performance

Insights into the radial water jet drilling technology-Application in a quarry

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第2期10卷 236-248页

作者： thomas reinsch Bob Paap simon Hahn Volker Wittig Sidney van den Berg GFZ German research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenberg14473 PotsdamGermany TNO Sustainable Geo EnergyUtrechtThe Netherlands International Geothermal Centre-GZB Lennershofstr.14044801 BochumGermany Well Services Group Phileas Foggstraat 65NL-7825 AL EmmenThe Netherlands

In this context, we applied the radial water jet drilling(rJD) technology to drill five horizontal holes into a quarry wall of the Gildehaus quarry close to Bad Bntheim, Germany. For testing the state-of-the-art jetting technology, a jetting experiment was performed to investigate the influence of geological heterogeneity on the jetting performance and the hole geometry, the influence of nozzle geometry and jetting pressure on the rate of penetration, and the possibility of localising the jetting nozzle utilizing acoustic activity. It is observed that the jetted holes can intersect fractures under varying angles, and the jetted holes do not follow a straight path when jetting at ambient surface condition. Cuttings from the jetting process retrieved from the holes can be used to estimate the reservoir rock permeability. Within the quarry, we did not observe a change in the rate of penetration due to jetting pressure *** monitoring was partially successful in estimating the nozzle location. Although the experiments were performed at ambient surface conditions, the results can give recommendations for a downhole application in deep wells.

关键词： Acoustic monitoring Drilling performance Trajectory Permeability rock properties radial water jet drilling(rJD)

Transient voltage stresses in MMC-HVDC links-impulse analysis and novel proposals for synthetic laboratory generation

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High Voltage 2018年第2期3卷 115-125页

作者： Claudius Freye simon Wenig Max Goertz thomas Leibfried Frank Jenau Institute of High Voltage Engineering TU Dortmund University44227 DortmundGermany Institute of Electrical Energy Systems and High-Voltage Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany

To evaluate and optimise insulation coordination concepts for state of the art high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission systems,appropriate test voltage shapes are required for laboratory imitation of occurring *** especially transient voltages in the monopolar modular multilevel converter(MMC)-HVDC links show an extensive deviation from commonly applied switching impulse shapes,this study focusses on the analysis of over-voltages subsequent to direct current pole to ground ***,novel methods for synthetic laboratory test voltage generation are *** on simulated transients occurring during fault scenarios in different symmetrical monopolar±320 kV MMC-HVDC schemes,curve fitting,and related analysis techniques are used in order to compare simulated over-voltages with standard test voltage ***,these techniques further allow the identification of novel relevant impulse ***,design considerations for the generation of non-standard impulses based on single-stage circuits are derived and *** synthetically generated voltages may,later on,provide the basis for future investigations on related dielectric effects caused by those non-normative over-voltages.

关键词： analysis insulation transient

Decreasing nutrient concentrations in soils and trees with increasing elevation across a treelineecotone in rolwaling Himal, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第5期14卷 843-858页

作者： simon DrOLLINGEr Michael MULLEr Timo KOBL Niels SCHWAB Jurgen BOHNEr Udo SCHICKHOFF thomas SCHOLTEN Geoecology Department of Geography and Regional Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria Soil Science and Geomorphology Department of Geosciences Uniuersity of Tubingen Tubingen Germany CEN Center for Earth System research and Sustainability Institute of Geography University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

At a global scale, tree growth in alpine treeline ecotones is limited by low temperatures. At a local scale, however, tree growth at its upper limit depends on multiple interactions of influencing factors and mechanisms. The aim of our research was to understand local scale effects of soil properties and nutrient cycling on tree growth limitation, and their interactions with other abiotic and biotic factors in a near-natural Himalayan treeline ecotone. Soil samples of different soil horizons, litter, decomposition layers, and foliage samples of standing biomass were collected in four altitudinal zones along three slopes, and were analysed for exchangeable cations and nutrient concentrations, respectively. Additionally, soil and air temperature, soil moisture, precipitation, and tree physiognomy patterns were evaluated. Both soil nutrients and foliar macronutrient concentrations of nitrogen(N), magnesium(Mg), potassium(K), and foliar phosphorus(P) decrease significantly with elevation. Foliar manganese(Mn) concentrations, bycontrast, are extraordinarily high at high elevation sites. Potential constraining factors on tree growth were identified using multivariate statistical approaches. We propose that tree growth, treeline position and vegetation composition are affected by nutrient limitation, which in turn, is governed by low soil temperatures and influenced by soil moisture conditions.

关键词： Foliar nutrients Himalaya Nitrogen Nutrient cycling Podzol Treeline

Development of a short duration method to assess the envelope thermal performance of multi-family housings

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 527-545页

作者： Lorena de Carvalho Araujo simon Thébault Laurent Mora thomas recht Alain Sempey Patrick Schalbart Michae Cohen CSTB 84 Av.Jean JauresChamps-sur-Marne77420France Bordeaux University 351 Cours de la LiberationTalence33405France MINES ParisTech Centre for Energy Efficiency of Systems5 rue Léon BlumPalaiseau91120France

Building energy efficiency is a key factor in reducing CO_(2) *** this reason,European Union(EU)member states have developed thermal regulations to ensure building thermal *** results are often based on results achieved with building simulation software during the design ***,the actual thermal performance can deviate significantly from the predicted one,and this difference is known as the energy performance *** indicators of the actual thermal performance are a valuable tool to guarantee building *** indicators,including the heat transfer coefficient(HTC)and the heat loss coefficient(HLC),can be estimated by the application of in situ *** multi-family housing and tertiary sector buildings are an important part of the building stock,mature methods to measure their thermal performance are *** paper presents a short-duration method for assessing the HTC in large building typologies using a sampling *** method was applied in a four-storey building model under different conditions to study the limits of the method and to improve indicator bias and *** quality was strongly influenced by the external weather conditions,the temperature variation during the protocol and the heat exchange with the adjacent *** winter conditions and with stable indoor temperatures,the method had a high accuracy when the protocol was applied for half a *** is recommended that the protocol be used over two days to improve indicator quality under less favorable test conditions.

关键词： building envelope thermal performance HTC estimation multi-family housing