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Identification and initial char.cter.zation of the 3＇ end of gene tr.nscr.pts encoding putative member. of the pher.mone r.ceptor.subfamily in Lepidopter.

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 64-74页

作者： Stephen F. Gar.zynski Kevin W. Wanner.thomas r. unruh USDA-Ar. Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington Depar.ment of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA

Semiochemicals, including pher.mones and kair.mones, used in pest man- agement pr.gr.ms r.duce the need for.chemical insecticides, and under.tanding their.inter.ctions with their.membr.ne r.ceptor. may help make them mor. effective in the field. Identification of odor.nt r.ceptor. in the Lepidopter. has mainly been achieved us- ing bioinfor.atics to sear.h DNA sequences gener.ted by genome or.expr.ssed sequence tag （EST） sequencing pr.jects. This study r.por.s a r.pid method to identify member. of the pher.mone r.ceptor.subfamily in Lepidopter.. Degener.te oligonucleotide pr.mer. wer. designed against a conser.ed amino acid sequence in the car.oxyl ter.inus of known lepidopter.n pher.mone r.ceptor., and the pr.mer. wer. used in a 3＇ r.pid amplifica- tion of complementar. DNA （cDNA） ends pr.cedur.. Polymer.se chain r.action pr.ducts gener.ted fr.m seven differ.nt lepidopter.n species wer. TA cloned and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of 25 tr.nscr.pts wer. deter.ined to encode potential member. of the pher.mone r.ceptor.subfamily. These cDNAs r.nged fr.m 238 to 642 bp and encoded 49-54 amino acids of the car.oxyl ter.inus. Analysis of the 3＇ untr.nslated r.gion r.veals that most of the tr.nscr.pts contain multiple polyadenylation signal sequences, and in the case ofManduca sexta, an alter.ate polyadenylation signal appear. to be used in tr.nscr.pt pr.cessing. The 3＇ untr.nslated r.gion was also useful in deter.ining unique r.ceptor. en- coded by tr.nscr.pts having highly similar.nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Over.ll, this technique pr.vides a complementar. method of pher.mone r.ceptor.identification in EST sequencing pr.jects, or.can be used as a stand-alone method in conjunction with 5＇ r.pid amplification of cDNA ends pr.cedur.s.

关键词： degener.te pr.mer.PCr odor.nt r.ceptor pher.mone r.ceptor polyadeny- lation signals 3' untr.nslated r.gion

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Char.cter.zation of thr.e tr.nscr.pts encoding small heat shock pr.teins expr.ssed in the codling moth, Cydia pomonella （Lepidopter.： Tor.r.cidae）

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Insect Science 2011年第5期18卷 473-483页

作者： Stephen F. Gar.zynski thomas r. unruh Chr.stelle Guedot Lisa G. Neven USDA-Ar. Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington USA

Codling moth is a major.pest of apples and pear. wor.dwide. Incr.asing knowledge of how this insect r.sponds to envir.nmental str.ss will impr.ve field and posthar.est contr.l measur.s used against it. The small heat shock pr.teins （sHsps） play a maj or.r.le in cellular.r.sponses to envir.nmental str.ssor.. A degener.te oligonucleotide pr.mer. designed against the conser.ed α-cr.stallin domain, was used in 3＇ r.pid amplification of complementar. DNA （cDNA） ends r.actions to amplify tr.nscr.pts encoding sHsps expr.ssed in the codling moth cell line, Cp169, subjected to heat shock. Thr.e full-length cDNAs wer. cloned fr.m Cp169 cells that contained open r.ading fr.mes encoding sHsps. The cDNA for.CpHsp 19.8 was 795 bp encoding 177 amino acids. The cDNA for.CpHsp 19.9 was 749 bp encoding 175 amino acids. The cDNA for.CpHsp22.2 was 737 bp encoding 192 amino acids. Analysis of the pr.tein sequences of the thr.e CpHsps indicated the pr.sence of 83 amino acids with homology to the α-cr.stallin domain. For.each of the CpHsps, the α-cr.stallin domain was sur.ounded by diver.ent N- and C-ter.inal r.gions, consistent with the conser.ed str.ctur.l featur.s of sHsps. r.al-time polymer.se chain r.action, used to deter.ine the expr.ssion patter.s of each of the sHsps in differ.nt developmental stages of codling moth r.vealed the pr.sence of tr.nscr.pts in all stages tested. Consistent with char.cter.stics of other.sHsps, expr.ssion of CpHsp tr.nscr.pts wer. gr.atly enhanced when insects wer. subjected to heat shock. The r.sults of this r.sear.h can be used as a guide to study the r.les of sHsps in codling moth contr.l using var.ous post-har.est tr.atments.

关键词： α-cr.stallin domain heat shock r.sponse qPCr

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Application of Cydia pomonella expr.ssed sequence tags： Identification and expr.ssion of thr.e gener.l odor.nt binding pr.teins in codling moth

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 559-574页

作者： Stephen F. Gar.zynski Br.d S. Coates thomas r. unruh Scott Schaeffer.Der.ck Jiwan Tyson Koepke Amit Dhingr. USDA-Ar. Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato WA 98951 USDA-Ar. Corn Insect and Crop Genetics Research Unit Genetics Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 Depar.ment of Hor.icultur. and Landscape Ar.hitectur. Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA

The codling moth, Cydia pomonella, is one of the most impor.ant pests of pome fr.its in the wor.d, yet the molecular.genetics and the physiology of this insect r.main poor.y under.tood. A combined assembly of 8？341 expr.ssed sequence tags was gener.ted fr.m r.che 454 GS-FLX sequencing of eight tissue-specific cDNA libr.r.es. Putative chemosensor. pr.teins （12） and odor.nt binding pr.teins （OBPs）（18） wer. annotated, which included thr.e putative gener.l OBP （GOBP）, one mor. than typically r.por.ed for.other.Lepidopter.. To fur.her.char.cter.ze CpomGOBPs, we cloned cDNA copies of their.tr.nscr.pts and deter.ined their.expr.ssion patter.s in var.ous tissues. Cloning and sequencing of the 698？nt tr.nscr.pt for.CpomGOBP1 r.sulted in the pr.diction of a 163 amino acid coding r.gion, and subsequent r.-PCr.indicated that the tr.nscr.pts wer. mainly expr.ssed in antennae and mouthpar.s. The 1？289 nt （160 amino acid） CpomGOBP2 and the novel 702 nt （169 amino acid） CpomGOBP3 tr.nscr.pts ar. mainly expr.ssed in antennae, mouthpar.s, and female abdomen tips. These r.sults indicate that next gener.tion sequencing is useful for.the identification of novel tr.nscr.pts of inter.st, and that codling moth expr.sses a tr.nscr.pt encoding for.a new member.of the GOBP subfamily.

关键词： codling moth EST odor.nt binding pr.teins

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Tuning beneficial calcineur.n phosphatase activation to counter.-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Par.inson’s disease

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Sr.shti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystr.m Institute for.Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Depar.ment of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineur.n(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent ser.ne/thr.onine that has been studied in many model or.anisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions r.nge fr.m ion homeostasis and vir.lence in lower.eukar.otes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear.factor. of activated *** is a heter.dimer.c pr.tein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineur.n A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear.metal center.and a r.gulator. Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineur.n B(Cnb1p)r.quir.d to activate *** calcineur.n B subunit has been highly conser.ed thr.ugh evolution:For.example,the mammalian calcineur.n B shows 54%identity with calcineur.n B fr.m Sacchar.myces cer.visiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conser.ed

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Micr.glia:a pr.mising ther.peutic tar.et in spinal cor. injur.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Kar. Kiening Andr.as Unter.er. Alexander.Younsi Depar.ment of Neur.sur.er. Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Depar.ment of Neur.anatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Micr.glia ar. pr.sent thr.ughout the centr.l ner.ous system and ar. vital in neur.l r.pair.nutr.tion,phagocytosis,immunological r.gulation,and maintaining neur.nal *** a healthy spinal cor.,micr.glia ar. accountable for.immune sur.eillance,however.when a spinal cor. injur. occur.,the micr.envir.nment dr.stically changes,leading to glial scar. and failed axonal *** this context,micr.glia var. their.gene and pr.tein expr.ssion dur.ng activation,and pr.lifer.tion in r.action to the injur.,influencing injur. r.sponses both favor.bly and unfavor.bly.A dynamic and multifaceted injur. r.sponse is mediated by micr.glia,which inter.ct dir.ctly with neur.ns,astr.cytes,oligodendr.cytes,and neur.l stem/pr.genitor.*** a clear.under.tanding of their.essential natur. and or.gin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of micr.glia in spinal cor. injur. r.quir. extensive *** r.view summar.zes cur.ent studies on micr.glial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their.cr.cial r.les in spinal cor. injur.,and pr.poses micr.glia as a ther.peutic tar.et.

关键词： astr.cytes cytokines functional r.cover. immune r.gulation M1/M2 activation macr.phages micr.glia neur.inflammation spinal cor. injur. ther.py

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Detecting Andr.id Malwar. Using Clone Detection

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Jour.al of Computer.Science & Technology 2015年第5期30卷 942-956页

作者：陈健 Manar.H. Alalfi thomas r. Dean 邹颖 Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Computer.Engineer.ng Queen's University Kingston KTL 3N6 Canada School of Computing Queen's University Kingston KTL 3N6 Canada

Andr.id is cur.ently one of the most popular.smar.phone oper.ting systems. However. Andr.id has the lar.est shar. of global mobile malwar. and significant public attention has been br.ught to the secur.ty issues of Andr.id. In this paper. we investigate the use of a clone detector.to identify known Andr.id malwar.. We collect a set of Andr.id applications known to contain malwar. and a set of benign applications. We extr.ct the Java sour.e code fr.m the binar. code of the applications and use NiCad, a near.miss clone detector. to find the classes of clones in a small subset of the malicious applications. We then use these clone classes as a signatur. to find similar.sour.e files in the r.st of the malicious applications. The benign collection is used as a contr.l gr.up. In our.evaluation, we successfully decompile mor. than 1 000 malicious apps in 19 malwar. families. Our.r.sults show that using a small por.ion of malicious applications as a tr.ining set can detect 95% of pr.viously known malwar. with ver. low false positives and high accur.cy at 96.88%. Our.method can effectively and r.liably pint）oint malicious applications that belon~ to cer.ain ma｜w^r. ***~

关键词： Andr.id malwar. clone detection

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The contr.bution of the melanin pathway to over.ll body pigmentation dur.ng ontogenesis of Per.planeta amer.cana

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Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 513-519页

作者： thomas r. Lemonds Jin Liu Aleksandar.Popadic Biological Sciences Depar.ment Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA

The most pr.minent color. obser.ed in insects ar. black or.br.wn, whose pr.duction is attr.buted to the melanin pathway. At pr.sent, though, the contr.bution of this pathway to over.ll body pigmentation thr.ughout ontogenesis is still lacking. To addr.ss this question we examined the r.les of 2 key melanin genes （TH and DDC）, in embr.onic and postembr.onic development of the Amer.can cockr.ach, Per.planeta amer.cana. Our.r.sults show that the melanin pathway does not contr.bute to the light br.wn color.tion obser.ed in the fir.t nymphs. However. the dar. br.wn color.tion in mid nymphs and adults is pr.duced solely fr.m the melanin pathway. In addition, the DDC r.Ai r.sults r.veal that it is dopamine melanin, not DOPA melanin, acts as the main contr.butor.in this pr.cess. Over.ll, pr.sent study pr.vides a new insight into insect pigmentation suggesting that genetic mechanisms of color.tion can change dur.ng ontogenesis. Futur. studies of additional basal insect lineages will be r.quir.d to assess in mor. details the gener.lity of this phenomenon.

关键词： DOPA decar.oxylase insect pigmentation melanin pathway Per.planetaamer.cana tyr.sine hydr.xylase

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STEP AP 242 Managed Model-based 3D Engineer.ng:An Application Towar.s the Automation of Fixtur. Planning

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Automation and computing 2021年第5期18卷 731-746页

作者： r.mil Geor.e thomas Deepak Lawr.nce K. Manu r. Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng National Institute of Technology CalicutKerala 673601India

Fixtur. design and planning is one of the most impor.ant manufactur.ng activities, playing a pivotal r.le in deciding the lead time for.pr.duct development. Fixtur. design, which affects the par.-quality in ter.s of geometr.c accur.cy and sur.ace finish, can be enhanced by using the pr.duct manufactur.ng infor.ation(PMI) stor.d in the neutr.l standar. for.the exchange of pr.duct model data(STEP) file, ther.by integr.ting design and manufactur.ng. The pr.sent paper.pr.poses a unique fixtur. design appr.ach, to extr.ct the geometr. infor.ation fr.m STEP application pr.tocol(AP) 242 files of computer.aided design(CAD) models, for.pr.viding automatic suggestions of locator.positions and clamping sur.aces. Automatic featur. extr.ction softwar. "FiXplan", developed using the pr.gr.mming language C#, is used to extr.ct the par. featur., dimension and geometr. infor.ation. The infor.ation fr.m the STEP AP 242 file is deduced using geometr.c r.asoning techniques, which in tur. is utilized for.fixtur. planning. The developed softwar. is obser.ed to be adept in identifying the pr.mar., secondar., and ter.iar. locating faces and locator.position configur.tions of pr.smatic components. Str.ctur.l analysis of the pr.smatic par. under.differ.nt locator.positions was per.or.ed using commer.ial finite element method softwar., ABAQUS, and the optimized locator.position was identified on the basis of minimum defor.ation of the *** ar.a-r.tio(base locator.enclosed ar.a(%)/wor. piece base ar.a(%)) for.the ideal locator.configur.tion was obser.ed as 33%. Exper.ments wer. conducted on a pr.smatic wor.piece using a specially designed fixtur., for.differ.nt locator.configur.tions. The sur.ace r.ughness and waviness of the machined sur.aces wer. analysed using an Alicona non-contact optical pr.filometer. The best sur.ace char.cter.stics wer. obtained for.the sur.ace machined under.the ideal locator.positions having an ar.a-r.tio of 33%, thus validating the pr.dicted numer.cal r.sul

关键词： Standar. for.the exchange of pr.duct model data(STEP)application pr.tocol(AP)242 pr.duct manufactur.ng infor.ation computer.aided fixtur. design computer.aided design(CAD)/computer.aided manufactur.ng(CAM) automation computer.integr.ted manufactur.ng 3D sur.ace r.ughness

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Sleep as a window to under.tand and r.gulate Alzheimer.s disease:emer.ing r.les of thalamic r.ticular.nucleus

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen r.ber. J.thomas M.Br.ndon Westover.Can Zhang Depar.ment of Neur.logy Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center.for.Tr.nslational Pain r.sear.h Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonar. Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging r.sear.h Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Intr.duction:Alzheimer.'s disease(AD) is a common neur.degener.tive disor.er.and the pr.mar. cause of dementia. Consider.ble evidence suppor.s the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is pr.mar.ly caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which dr.ves tau phosphor.lation, neur.inflammation, and neur.degener.tion in the br.in. The amyloid hypothesis is str.ngthened by the significant and moder.te benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody thr.ugh an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The r.cent positive r.sults of anti-amyloid tr.als have br.ught back focus on the amyloid hypothesis thr.ugh biochemical, genetic, and phar.acological appr.aches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Br.in IL-1β was involved in r.ser.ine-induced behavior.l depr.ssion in r.ts

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Acta Phar.acologica Sinica 2004年第3期25卷 39-42页

作者： thomas r.MINOr Bethune Militar.Medical College China Depar.ment of Psychology Los Angeles Psychoneur.immunolgyLabor.tor. Shijiazhuang 050081 USA Univer.ity of Califor.ia

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of br.in inter.eukin-1β (IL-1β) in r.ser.ine-induced behavior.l depr.ssion in r.ts. METHODS: Por.ult swim test was used in the measur.ment of depr.ssive behavior.and ELISA was used in measur.ment of br.in IL-1β. r.SULTS: Intr.per.toneal injection of r.ser.ine (0, 4, 6, and 8 mg/kg, ip) incr.ased floating time in the Por.ult swim test in a dose-and time-dependent manner.in r.ts. Intr.cer.br.ventr.cular.injection (icv) of IL-1β r.ceptor.antagonist (IL-1r., 6 mg/kg) blocked the incr.ment of floating time in Por.ult swim test at 48 and 72 h after.r.ser.ine injection, but not at 1 and 24 h after.injection. Br.in IL-1β incr.ased after.r.ser.ine tr.atment in poster.or.cor.ex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. The incr.ase of IL-1β concentr.tion star.s at 24 hour. after.injection of r.ser.ine and r.ached the peak at 48 h. CONCLUSION: r.ser.ine induced behavior.l depr.ssion par.ially via br.in inter.eukin-1β gener.tion.

关键词： r.ser.ine depr.ssion inter.eukin-1

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