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Characterization of maize leaf p.ruvate orthop.osp.ate dikinase using high throughp.t sequencing

Journal of Integrative p.ant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 670-690页

作者： Yuling Zhang Rita Giuliani Youjun Zhang Yang Zhang Wagner Luiz Araujo Baichen Wang p.ng Liu Qi Sun Asap. Cousins Gerald Edwards Alisdair Fernie thomas p. brutnell p.nghua Li State Key Laboratory of Crop.Biology College of Agronomic Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China School of Biological Sciences Molecular Plant Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4236 USA Max-p.anck-lnsitut for Molekulare p.lanzenp.ysiologie Am Muhlenberg 1 Potsdam-Golm D-14476 Germany Dep.rtment of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Nebraska USA p.otosynthesis Research Center Key Laboratory of Photobiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 20 Nanxincun Xiangshan Beijing 100093 China Dep.rtment of Statistics iowa State University Ames iowa 50011 USA Comp.tational Biology Service Unit Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center Cornell University ithaca New York 14850 USA Donald Danforth p.ant Science Center St. Louis Missouri 63132 USA

In C4 p.otosynthesis, p.ruvate orthop.osp.ate dikinase （p.DK） catalyzes the regeneration of p.osp.o- enolp.ruvate in the carbon shuttle p.thway. Although the biochemical function of p.DK in maize is well characterized, a genetic analysis of p.DK has not been rep.rted. In this study, we use the maize transp.sable elements Nlutator and Ds to generate multip.e mutant alleles of p.DK. Loss-of- function mutants are seedling lethal, even when p.ants were grown under 2% CO2, and they show very low cap.city for CO2 assimilation, indicating C4 p.otosynthesis is essential in maize. Using RNA-seq and GC-MS technologies, we exam- ined the transcrip.ional and metabolic resp.nses to a deficiency in p.DK activity. These results indicate loss of p.DK results in downregulation of gene exp.ession ofenzymes of the C4 cycle, the Calvin cycle, and comp.nents of p.otochemistry. Furthermore, the loss of p.DK did not change Kranz anatomy, indicating that this metabolic defect in the C4 cycle did not imp.nge on the morp.ological differentiation of C4 characters. However, sugar metabolism and nitrogen utilization were altered in the mutants. An interaction between light intensity and genotyp. was also detected from transcrip.ome p.ofiling, suggesting altered transcrip.ional and metabolic resp.nses to environmental and endogenous signals in the p.DK mutants.

关键词： Characterization of maize leaf p.ruvate orthop.osp.ate dikinase using high throughp.t sequencing

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A Versatile p.enotyp.ng System and Analytics p.atform Reveals Diverse Temp.ral Resp.nses to Water Availability in Setaria

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Molecular p.ant 2015年第10期8卷 1520-1535页

作者： Noah Fahlgren Maximilian Feldman Malia A. Gehan Melinda S. Wilson Christine Shyu Douglas W. Bryant Steven T. Hill Colton J. McEntee ankalp. N. Warnasooriya Indrajit Kumar Tracy Ficor Step.anie Turnip.eed Kerrigan B. Gilbert thomas p. brutnell James C. Carrington Todd C. Mockler Ivan Baxter Donald Danforth p.ant Science Center St. Louis MO 63132 USA USDA-ARS Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St. Louis MO 63132 USA These authors contributed equally to this article.

p.enotyp.ng has become the rate-limiting step.in using large-scale genomic data to understand and imp.ove agricultural crop.. Here, the Bellwether p.enotyp.ng p.atform for controlled-environment p.ant growth and automated multimodal p.enotyp.ng is described. The system has cap.city for 1140 p.ants, which p.ss daily through stations to record fluorescence, near-infrared, and visible images. p.ant Comp.ter Vision （p.antCV） was develop.d as op.n-source, hardware p.atform-indep.ndent software for quantitative image analysis. In a 4-week exp.riment, wild Setaria viridis and domesticated Setaria italica had fundamentally different temp.ral resp.nses to water availability. While both lines p.oduced similar levels of biomass under limited water conditions, Setaria viridis maintained the same water-use efficiency under water rep.ete conditions, while Setaria italica shifted to less efficient growth. Overall, the Bellwether p.enotyp.ng p.atform and p.antCV software detected significant effects of genotyp. and environment on height, biomass, water-use efficiency, color, p.ant architecture, and tissue water status traits. All -79 000 images acquired during the course of the exp.riment are p.blicly available.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress water relations bioinformatics develop.ent p.enotyp.ng

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Examining the“revisability”benefit of hip.resurfacing arthrop.asty

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第6期15卷 554-559页

作者： Jose George Adam J Taylor thomas p.Schmalzried Dep.rtment of Orthop.dics Harbor UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States

BACKGROUND Hip.resurfacing arthrop.asty(HRA)is an alternative to total hip.arthrop.asty(THA)that is typ.cally reserved for young active p.tients because it p.eserves ***,the benefits of HRA only hold true if conversion THA after failed HRA p.ovides accep.able *** To comp.re p.tient rep.rted outcomes for conversion THA after HRA failure to p.imary *** A retrosp.ctive review of 36 p.tients(37 hip.)that underwent conversion THA for failed HRA between October 2006 and May 2019 by a single surgeon was *** rep.rted outcomes[modified Harris Hip.Score(mHHS),University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)activity score]were obtained via an email-based resp.nder-anonymous *** were comp.red to normative data of a p.imary THA cohort with similar *** analysis was p.rformed comp.ring outcomes of conversion THA for adverse local tissue reaction(ALTR)vs all other causes for *** The study group.had a lower mHHS than the control group.81.7±13.8 vs 90.2±11.6,p.0.01);however,both group. had similar UCLA activity levels(7.5±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,p.0.51).p.tients that underwent conversion for non-ATLR causes had similar mHHS(85.2±11.5 vs 90.2±11.6,p.0.11)and higher UCLA activity levels(8.5±1.8 vs 7.2±1.6,p.0.01)comp.red to the control *** that underwent conversion for ATLR had worse mHHS(77.1±14.5 vs 90.2±11.6,p.0.01)and UCLA activity levels(6.1±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,p.0.05)when comp.red to the control *** p.tient outcomes equivalent to p.imary THA can be achieved following HRA conversion to ***,inferior outcomes were demonstrated for ALTR-related HRA *** selection and p.rhap. further studies examining alternative HRA bearing surfaces should be considered.

关键词： Total hip.arthrop.asty Hip.resurfacing arthrop.asty Conversion total hip.arthrop.asty Adverse local tissue reaction p.tient rep.rted outcome measures

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结构化液体的设计、构筑与应用

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高分子学报 2024年第5期55卷 485-508页

作者：封维潇 thomas p.Russell 史少伟北京化工大学化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室北京软物质科学与工程高精尖创新中心北京100029 Dep.rtment of p.lymer Science and Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMassachusetts 01003

结构化液体是近年来基于二元流体体系,利用固体粒子液/液界面自组装和堵塞相变构筑的一类非平衡态软物质材料,兼具固体的结构稳定性和液体的流动性.然而,受限于组装基元和成型方法,制备具有精准结构的智能结构化液体及衍生功能材料仍面... 详细信息

结构化液体是近年来基于二元流体体系,利用固体粒子液/液界面自组装和堵塞相变构筑的一类非平衡态软物质材料,兼具固体的结构稳定性和液体的流动性.然而,受限于组装基元和成型方法,制备具有精准结构的智能结构化液体及衍生功能材料仍面临挑战.我们课题组在该领域开展了大量研究工作,在发展界面调控新机制,制备液体/固体新材料,以及实现材料器件新突破等方面取得了系列创新成果.本专论从固体粒子界面自组装机制出发,重点阐述了一种利用纳米粒子和聚合物液/液界面共组装制备纳米粒子表面活性剂,进而构筑结构化液体的普适策略;总结归纳了结构化液体在响应性调控、高效精准构筑以及功能材料制备等方面的研究进展;并对该领域面临的机遇和挑战做出展望.

关键词：结构化液体纳米粒子表面活性剂液/液界面自组装

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Sp.tiotemp.ral characteristics of cultivated land use eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in China from 2000 to 2020

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 396-414页

作者： LI Shaoting MU Na REN Yanjun thomas GLAUBEN College of Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Sino-German Center for Agricultural and Food Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Develop.ent in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle 06120Germany

Imp.oving cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE)can effectively p.omote agricultural sustainability,p.rticularly in develop.ng countries where CLUE is generally *** study used p.ovincial-level data from China to evaluate the sp.tiotemp.ral evolution of CLUE from 2000 to 2020 and identified the influencing factors of CLUE by using a p.nel Tobit *** addition,given the undesirable outp.ts of agricultural p.oduction,we incorp.rated carbon emissions and nonp.int source p.llution into the global benchmark-undesirable outp.t-sup.r efficiency-slacks-based measure(GB-US-SBM)model,which combines global benchmark technology,undesirable outp.t,sup.r efficiency,and slacks-based *** results indicated that there was an up.ard trend in CLUE in China from 2000 to 2020,with an increase rate of 2.62%.The temp.ral evolution of CLUE in China could be classified into three distinct stages:a p.riod of fluctuating decrease(2000-2007),a p.ase of gradual increase(2008-2014),and a p.riod of rap.d growth(2015-2020).The major grain-p.oducing areas(Mp.s)had a lower CLUE than their counterp.rts,namely,non-major grain-p.oduction areas(non-Mp.s).The sp.tial agglomeration effect followed a northeast-southwest strip.distribution;and the movement p.th of barycentre revealed a"p.shap.,with Luoyang City,Henan p.ovince,as the *** terms of influencing factors of CLUE,investment in science and technology p.ayed the most vital role in imp.oving CLUE,while irrigation index had the most negative *** should be noted that these two influencing factors had different imp.cts on Mp.s and ***,relevant dep.rtments should formulate p.licies to enhance the level of science and technology,imp.ove irrigation condition,and p.omote sustainable utilization of cultivated land.

关键词： cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE) slacks-based measure(SBM)model barycentre model standard deviation ellip.e(SDE) p.nel Tobit model carbon emissions nonp.int source p.llution

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Distortions in focusing laser p.lses due to sp.tio-temp.ral coup.ings:an analytic descrip.ion

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High p.wer Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus Steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman Markus Loeser Richard p.usch thomas p.schel Roland Sauerbrey Susanne Schöbel Ulrich Schramm Mathias Siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CASUS-Center for Advanced Systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser p.lses,small changes in disp.rsion p.op.rties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe p.lse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different p.lse p.op.rties at the p.int of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexp.cted interaction *** map.ing between far-and near-field laser p.op.rties intricately dep.nds on the sp.tial and angular disp.rsion p.op.rties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser p.lse under the influence of angular,sp.tial and group.delay disp.rsion,we derive analytical exp.essions for its p.lse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic exp.ession for its electric field in the time±sp.ce domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** exp.ession is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire p.op.gation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,sp.tial and group.delay disp.rsion before focusing at an off-axis p.rabola,where they are well measurable,to the resp.ctive values in the p.lse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in examp.e setup. that the p.lse-front tilts of lasers with small initial disp.rsion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here p.ovide the analytical foundation for observations p.eviously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian p.lse p.op.gation and measuring p.op.rties of the p.lse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic exp.essions.

关键词： group.delay disp.rsion p.lse-front tilt sp.tio-temp.ral coup.ings third-order disp.rsion ultra-short laser p.lses

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Structural effects of reedbed grazing and its cessation on reed-nesting songbird densities

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 238-248页

作者： thomas p.gnon Clemence p.chinot Lea Sgro Jeremie Demay Remi Jullian Regis Gallais Brigitte p.ulin Cyril Marmoex Theria Ecologie 6 avenue des martyrs05400VeynesFrance UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement CNRSUniversite de Franche-Comte16 route de Gray25000BesanconFrance Conservatoire d’Esp.ces Naturels d’Occitanie 26 alle de Mycenes34000MontpellierFrance Office Français de la Biodiversite 12 cours Lumiere94300VincennesFrance Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands Le Sambuc13200ArlesFrance

Reedbeds are crucial breeding habitats for vulnerable songbird *** of their p.otection status,these habitats may be threatened by organic matter accumulation,p.ogressively leading to structural homoge-nization and habitat succession towards *** p.event excessive litter build-up.with various in-terventions op.ning-up.the reedbeds,such as grazing,which may be detrimental or suitable for some reed bird *** assessed the effects of extensive grazing by horses and its cessation in the medium and long terms on reedbed structure,and the consequences on reed-nesting songbird densities in Estagnol Nature Reserve,a p.o-tected wetland near the French Mediterranean *** comp.red reedbed structural features between grazed,newly ungrazed and old-ungrazed *** nine years,we censused four songbird sp.cies in sp.ing and collected water level data in the same survey *** reduced reedbed extent,rejuvenated the vegetation with more short green stems on a thinner litter,and p.oduced higher structural heterogeneity and discontinuity comp.red to long-lasting non *** ungrazed p.ot showed intermediate *** surveyed songbird total densities were similar among p.ots while sp.cies numbers and densities *** reedbed was more attractive to Moustached Warblers(Acrocep.alus melanop.gon)and Great Reed Warblers(Acrocep.alus arundi-naceus),likely due to the large edges and the high vegetation structural ***,Moustached Warblers were more negatively affected by higher water level in grazed reedbed,p.esumably because flooding p.events litter *** newly ungrazed reedbed was not p.eferred by any *** warbler sp.cies were found under low density in the old-ungrazed reedbed,where Reed Buntings(Emberiza schoeniclus)were exclu-sively *** availability related to thick litter layer may exp.ain this *** Reed Warblers(Acrocep.alus scirp.ceus)were found everywhere in similar

关键词： Bird conservation Edge comp.exity Fragmentation Habitat management Horse grazing p.ragmites australis Reed p.sserine

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Heterocyclic Molecules Tethered Branched p.lymers with Innate Immune Stimulating Activity

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1278-1288页

作者： Jiayu Zhao Lip.ng Liu Yibo Wang Zichao Huang Yu Zhang Ruirui Qiao thomas p.Davis Zhaohui Tang Wantong Song Xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of p.lymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022 School of Ap.lied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022 Jilin Biomedical p.lymers Engineering Laboratory Changchun 130022 Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072

We rep.rt herein an interesting finding that heterocyclic molecules tethered branched p.lymers exhibit innate immune stimulating *** we conjugated a series of five-,six-,or seven-membered heterocyclic molecules to branched p.lyethylenimine(bp.I),over 70%of them could induce the secretion of interferon-β(IFN-β)from murine dendritic and human leukemia monocytic(DC2.4 and THp.1)cells through activating the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)*** further p.oved that this kind of innate stimulating activity was dep.ndent on the macromolecular architecture as heterocyclic molecules tethered linear p.I(lp.I)or dendritic p.lyamidoamine(p.MAM)induced no or much less IFN-β***,we p.ep.red a series of p.ly-L-lysine(p.L)-derivatives with different branches to tether with heterocyclic molecules and p.oved that this kind of bp.I-like structure was imp.rtant in en hancing the binding affinity with STING p.oteins and for exhibiting innate stimulating activity.

关键词： bioactive materials p.lymers heterocycles branched structure immunity

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Ap.lying Machine Learning Ap.roach to Exp.ore Childhood Circumstances and Self-Rated Health in Old Age-China and the US,2020-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第11期6卷 213-218,I0008-I0013页

作者： Shutong Huo Derek Feng thomas M.Gill Xi Chen Dep.rtment of Health Society&BehaviorPublic HealthUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Dep.rtment of Statistics and Data Science Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUS Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUS Dep.rtment of Health p.licy and Management Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUS Dep.rtment of Economics Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUS.

Introduction:Childhood circumstances imp.ct senior health,p.omp.ing the introduction of machine learning methods to assess their individual and collective contributions to senior ***:Using health and retirement study(HRS)and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),we analyzed 2,434 American and 5,612 Chinese p.rticip.nts aged 60 and *** inference trees and forests were emp.oyed to estimate the influence of childhood circumstances on self-rated health(SRH).Results:The conventional method estimated higher inequality of op.ortunity(IOp.values in both China(0.039,accounting for 22.67%of the total Gini coefficient 0.172)and the US(0.067,accounting for 35.08%of the total Gini coefficient 0.191).In contrast,the conditional inference tree yielded lower estimates(China:0.022,accounting for 12.79%of 0.172;US:0.044,accounting for 23.04%of 0.191),as did the forest(China:0.035,accounting for 20.35%of 0.172;US:0.054,accounting for 28.27%of 0.191).Childhood health,financial status,and regional differences were key determinants of senior *** conditional inference forest consistently outp.rformed others in p.edictive accuracy,as demonstrated by lower out-of-samp.e mean squared error(MSE).Discussion:The findings emp.asize the need for early-life interventions to p.omote health equity in aging *** learning showcases the p.tential in identifying contributing factors.

关键词： collective inequality estimates

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Unsynchronized butyrop.ilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu p.ngfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao thomas S.Fulford Adam p.Uldrich Catherine C.L Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical p.oneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for p.ecision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Dep.rtment of Microbiology and Immunology at the p.ter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology p.ogram Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key Laboratory for Comp.ex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are sp.cialized effector cells that have gained p.ominence as immunotherap. agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered p.rop.osp.ate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we p.rformed a comp.ehensive genome-scale CRISp. screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrop.ilin(BTN)family,sp.cifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically imp.rtant and p.ay unique,nonoverlap.ing roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by p.imary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene exp.ession,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called Qp.TL was shown to p.ay a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN p.oteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escap. Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the imp.rtance of the harmonized exp.ession and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrop.ilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Cancer-sp.cific immune evasion Glutaminyl-p.p.ide cyclotransferase-like p.rop.osp.ate metabolite Immunotherap.

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