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A pentaploid-based linkage map of the ancestral octoploid strawberry Fragaria virginiana reveals instances of sporadic hyper-recombination

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1796-1810页

作者： thomas m.davis Yilong Yang Lise L.mahoney Daniel C.Frailey Department of Agriculture Nutritionand Food SystemsUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNH 03824USA

The first high-resolution genetic linkage map of the ancestral octoploid(2n=8x=56)strawberry species,Fragaria virginiana,was constructed using segregation data obtained from a pentaploid progeny *** novel mapping population of size 178 was generated by crossing highly heterozygous *** hybrid“LB48”as a paternal parent with diploid(2n=2x=14)Fragaria vesca“Hawaii 4”.The LB48 linkage map comprises 6055 markers genotyped on the Axiom®IStraw90 strawberry SNP *** map consists of 28 linkage groups(LGs)organized into seven homoeology groups of four LGs each,and excludes a small 29th LG of undefined *** member of each homoeology group was assignable to an“A”subgenome associated with ancestral diploid Fragaria vesca,while no other subgenomes were *** an intriguing discrepancy within homoeology group VI,synteny comparisons with the previously published Fragaria×ananassa DA×mO linkage map revealed substantial *** initial map construction,examination of crossover distributions revealed that six of the total 5162(=29 chromosomes/individual×178 individuals)chromosomes making up the data set exhibited abnormally high crossover counts,ranging from 15 to 48 crossovers per chromosome,as compared with the overall mean of 0.66 crossovers per *** of these six hyper-recombinant(HypR)chromosomes occurred in a different LG and in a different *** calculated upon exclusion of the six HypR chromosomes,the canonical(i.e.,broadly representative)LB48 map had 1851 loci distributed over a total map length of 1873 cm,while their inclusion increased the number of loci by 130,and the overall map length by 91 *** of these hyper-recombinant chromosomes points to the existence of a sporadically acting mechanism that,if identified and manipulable,could be usefully harnessed for multiple purposes by geneticists and breeders.

关键词： Fragaria straw linkage

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RosBREED:bridging the chasm between discovery and application to enable DNA-informed breeding in rosaceous crops

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 527-549页

作者： Amy F.Iezzoni Jim mcFerson James Luby Ksenija Gasic Vance Whitaker Nahla Bassil Chengyan Yue Karina Gallardo Vicki mcCracken michael Coe Craig Hardner Jason D.Zurn Stan Hokanson Eric van de Weg Sook Jung Dorrie main Cassia da Silva Linge Stijn Vanderzande thomas m.davis Lise L.mahoney Chad Finn Cameron Peace michigan State University East LansingMI 48824USA Washington State University WenatcheeWA 98801USA University of minnesota St.PaulMN 55108USA Clemson University ClemsonSC 29634USA University of Florida WimaumaFL 33598USA USDA-ARS CorvallisOR 97333USA Washington State University PuyallupWA 98371USA Washington State University PullmanWA 99164USA Cedar Lake Research Group PortlandOR 97215USA University Queensland BrisbaneQLDAustralia Wageningen University and Research 6700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USA

The Rosaceae crop family(including almond,apple,apricot,blackberry,peach,pear,plum,raspberry,rose,strawberry,sweet cherry,and sour cherry)provides vital contributions to human well-being and is economically significant across the *** 2003,industry stakeholder initiatives prioritized the utilization of genomics,genetics,and breeding to develop new cultivars exhibiting both disease resistance and superior horticultural ***,rosaceous crop breeders lacked certain knowledge and tools to fully implement DNA-informed breeding—a“chasm”existed between existing genomics and genetic information and the application of this knowledge in *** RosBREED project(“Ros”signifying a Rosaceae genomics,genetics,and breeding community initiative,and“BREED”,indicating the core focus on breeding programs),addressed this challenge through a comprehensive and coordinated 10-year effort funded by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research *** was designed to enable the routine application of modern genomics and genetics technologies in *** crop breeding programs,thereby enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in delivering cultivars with producer-required disease resistances and market-essential horticultural *** review presents a synopsis of the approach,deliverables,and impacts of RosBREED,highlighting synergistic global collaborations and future *** technologies and tools developed are described,including genome-wide scanning platforms and DNA diagnostic *** of DNA-informed breeding use by project participants are presented for all breeding stages,including pre-breeding for disease resistance,parental and seedling selection,and elite selection *** chasm is now bridged,accelerating rosaceous crop genetic improvement.

关键词： breeding cultivar crops

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Estimating the effects of meteorology on Pm_(2.5) reduction during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 331-341页

作者： Liu YANG Ye WU Jerry m.davis Jiming HAO School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Health and Environmental Impacts DivisionUS Environmental Protection AgencyRaleighNC 27513USA

Particulate pollution was a critical challenge to the promise of good air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,which took place from August 8th to *** ensure good air quality for the Games,several temporary emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding *** particulate matter concentration decreased significantly during the Olympic period;however,it is difficult to distinguish the effectiveness of those control measures since meteorology also affects ambient Pm_(2.5) *** this work,a multiple linear regression model based on continuous field monitoring at a roadside site was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorology and emission control measures on the reduction of Pm_(2.5) during the 2008 Olympic *** hourly data set was divided into two time periods,the no control period,June 22nd to July 4th,and the control period,July 28th to August *** response variable was Pm_(2.5) and the meteorology covariates used in the model were hourly temperature,dew point temperature,wind speed and *** direction was not a significant predictor of Pm_(2.5) levels in either the control or the no control *** the meteorologically-based regression coefficients from the two time periods,meteorology was found to contribute to at least a 16%reduction in Pm_(2.5) levels in the roadside microenvironment;while the pollution control measures contributed to at least a 43%reduction in Pm_(2.5) levels.

关键词： meteorology emission control measures Beijing Olympic Games Pm_(2.5) linear statistical models

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Immunology taught by humans

Immunology taught by humans

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第八届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： mark m.davis Howard Hughes medical Institute Stanford University School of Medicine

While we have learned a great deal about basic immunology from the laboratory mouse model,it has significant limitations in terms of genetics,environmental exposure and evolutionary distance from human *** we used both peptide-mHC tetramers and systems biology approaches to study the human immune *** respect to theαβT cell repertoire,we find that healthy adults have an abundance of self-specific

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湖北省庙河地区钉螺细胞色素C氧化酶1基因差异的研究

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2001年第1期19卷 41-44页

作者：石朝辉邱持平夏明仪冯正 George m.davis 中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所世界卫生组织疟疾血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室上海200025 美国费城自然科学院

目的　比较湖北省庙河沿岸地区钉螺CO1基因序列的差异 ,探讨光壳螺与肋壳螺差异的原因。方法　在该地区选 7个点 (上游 4个点 ,下游 3个点 )采集钉螺 ,用CTAB法提取钉螺基因组DNA ,PCR方法扩增CO1基因 ,纯化后测序 ,运用ESEE软件排序并... 详细信息

目的　比较湖北省庙河沿岸地区钉螺CO1基因序列的差异 ,探讨光壳螺与肋壳螺差异的原因。方法　在该地区选 7个点 (上游 4个点 ,下游 3个点 )采集钉螺 ,用CTAB法提取钉螺基因组DNA ,PCR方法扩增CO1基因 ,纯化后测序 ,运用ESEE软件排序并比较变异位点 ,观察各点钉螺的CO1基因单倍体型 ,运用PHYLIP软件计算遗传距离 ,绘制基因进化树。结果　获得CO1基因大小为 638bp ,上游和下游累积变异位点数分别为 2 9和 46,两者差异具有显著性 ;各采集点内钉螺按变异位点多少可分为两组 ;各采集点间存在有相同的基因单倍体型 ;上游和下游螺群之间的遗传距离为 0 0 2 2 1± 0 0 10 5 ;在FITCH绘制的基因进化树上 ,上游和下游地区钉螺交错分布在同一亚种不同的两个分支中。结论　在不同的生态环境下 ,下游地区钉螺CO1基因的变异强度比上游大 ;庙河各采集点螺群间存在一定的基因流动 ;庙河地区螺群属湖北钉螺湖北亚种 (O h hupensis) ,可能存在着两种不同进化速率的螺群。

关键词：细胞色素C氧化酶湖北钉螺基因差异日本血吸虫

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microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation m1/m2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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γ拟钉螺等位基因的研究

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 1999年第2期17卷 84-86页

作者：曾肖芃陈翠娥丁建祖 GEORGE m.davis 浙江省医学科学院寄生虫病研究所美国费城自然科学院

目的：探讨γ拟钉螺分类演化的遗传学基础。方法：用微量平面淀粉胶电泳法，检测浙江省开化及淳安县６个螺群宋氏γ拟钉螺和１个螺群中国γ拟钉螺的２４种等位基因酶谱。结果：共测得２９个位点，宋氏γ拟钉螺多态位点所占比例为６．９... 详细信息

目的：探讨γ拟钉螺分类演化的遗传学基础。方法：用微量平面淀粉胶电泳法，检测浙江省开化及淳安县６个螺群宋氏γ拟钉螺和１个螺群中国γ拟钉螺的２４种等位基因酶谱。结果：共测得２９个位点，宋氏γ拟钉螺多态位点所占比例为６．９％－１３．８％；中国γ拟钉螺全部为单态位点。宋氏γ拟钉螺的种内Ｎｅｉ氏遗传距离（Ｎｅｉ＇ｓＤ）小于０．１２；但宋氏γ拟钉螺与中国γ拟钉螺两者种间Ｎｅｉ＇ｓＤ为０．７３。结论：在等位基因水平显示γ拟钉螺种内变异不明显，种间差异显著。

关键词：钉螺宋氏γ拟钉螺中国γ拟钉螺等位基因酶谱

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Pancreatic stromal Gremlin 1 expression during pancreatic tumorigenesis

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第1期9卷 108-115页

作者： Joy m.davis Binglu Cheng madeline m.Drake Qiang Yu Baibing Yang Jing Li Chunhui Liu mamoun Younes Xiurong Zhao Jennifer m.Bailey Qiang Shen Tien C.Ko Yanna Cao Department of Surgery The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pathology&Laboratory medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Neurology The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Internal medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Genetics Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a major risk factor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).How CP promotes pancreatic oncogenesis remains unclear.A characteristic feature of PDAC is its prominent desmoplasia in the tumor microenvironment,composed of activated fibroblasts and *** can be characterized as m1 or m2,with tumor-inhibiting or-promoting functions,*** reported that Gremlin 1(GREm1),a key pro-fibrogenic factor,is upregulated in the stroma of *** current study aimed to investigate the expression of GREm1 and correlation between GREm1 and macrophages within the pancreas during chronic inflammation and the development of *** mRNA in situ hybridization,we detected GREm1 mRNA expression withinα-smooth muscle actin(SmA)-positive fibroblasts of the pancreatic *** designated FibroblastsGrem1+marginally increased from CP to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)and *** PDAC,FibroblastsGrem1+increased with higher pathological tumor stages and in a majority of PDAC subtypes ***,FibroblastsGrem1+positively correlated with total macrophages(macCD68+)and m2 macrophages(m2CD163+)in *** begin exploring potential molecular links between FibroblastsGrem1+and macrophages in PDAC,we examined the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(mIF),an endogenous counteracting molecule of GREm1 and an m1 macrophage promoting *** IHC staining of mIF,we found mIF to be expressed by tumor cells,positively correlated with GREm1;by IHC co-staining,we found mIF to be negatively correlated with m2CD163+*** findings suggest that GREm1 expression by activated fibroblasts may promote PDAC development,and GREm1/mIF may play an important role in macrophage phenotype.

关键词： Fibroblasts Gremlin 1 macrophage migration inhibitory factor macrophages

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Initial Geological Investigations of the Central angong-Nujiang Suture at Dong Tso （84° E）, Tibet

Initial Geological Investigations of the Central angong-Nuji...

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第四届青藏高原国际学术研讨会

作者： Jonathan C.Aitchison Aileen m.davis Badengzhu Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA

＜正＞The Bangong-Nujiang suture cuts across central Tibet and marks where the meso-Tethys Ocean that once separated the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes was consumed by subduction about 150 million years ago. This relatively poorly studied Late mesozoic suture traverses Tibet meridionally at～32°N. Little is known about this zone although several models speculate on its development. The dimensions and temporal duration of the meso-Tethys Ocean as well as the timing of its closure are poorly constrained. Some data appear to indicate southward emplacement of these rocks onco the Lhasa terrane, whereas other criteria suggest their northward emplacement onto the Qiangtang terrane. Thus, the polarity of any subduction system associated with closure of this ocean remains indeterrr inate. Few detailed descriptions of rocks in the area exist and models rely on extrapolation from these reports along the entire length of the suture. In the summer of 2002, members of the HKU Tibet Research Group undertook an expedition to Dong Tso, midway along the suture （～84°E）, in order to examine the area and assess its suitability for detailed investigation and more detailed work commenced in summer of 2004, In this area a complete, albeit disrupted, ophiolite succession is particularly well exposed. The suture is marked by a series of steeply dipping south-directed thrust faults. From north to south across the suture, the following lithologies can be observed. The hanging wall at the northern margin of the suture consists of rocks of the southern Qaintang terrane that are thrust southwards over a terrane consisting of thick successions of locally ankaramitic alkaline pillow basalts overlain by limestones/marbles. The presence of rugose corals in the carbonates indicates a Paleozoic age. This terrane is itself thrust southwards over the base （north） of the ophiolite section at a zone of serpentinite-matrix mélange, which is dominated by ultramafic blocks in the footwall. Amphibolite blocks also

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