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Management of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver surgery and thermal ablations:state of the art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 71-88页

作者： Astrid Herrero Cyprien Toubert Jose Ursic Bedoya Eric Assenat Boris Guiu Fabrizio Panaro thomas Bardol Gianluca Cassese Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation Saint Eloi HospitalMontpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Saint Eloi HospitalMontpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance Department of Digestive Oncology Saint Eloi HospitalMontpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance Department of Radiology Saint Eloi HospitalMontpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance Laboratory of rare human Circulating Cells(LCCRH) University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic HPB Surgery Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryFederico II University HospitalNaplesItaly

Despite the improvements in surgical and medical therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),recurrence still represents a major *** to 70%of patients can experience HCC recurrence after liver resection(LR),as well as 20%of them even after liver transplantation(LT).The patterns of recurrence are different according to both the time and the ***,the risk factors and the management can change not only according to these patterns,but also according to the underlying liver condition and to the first treatment *** knowledge of such correlation is fundamental,since prevention and effective management of recurrence are undoubtedly the most important strategies to improve the outcomes of HCC *** adjuvant therapy,maintaining very close monitoring during the first 2 years in order to diagnose curable recurrence and continue this monitoring beyond 5 years because late recurrences exist,remains our only possibility *** represents the cornerstone treatment for HCC,including both LT and ***,new interesting therapeutic opportunities are coming from immunotherapy that has shown encouraging results also in the adjuvant *** such a complex and evolutionary scenario,the aim of this review is to summarize current strategies for the management of HCC recurrence,focusing on the different possible scenarios,as well as on future perspectives.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence hepatocellular carcinoma management liver surgery liver transplantation thermal ablation(TA) survival after recurrence

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Thermomechanical Modelling of Industrial Vessels that Contain Refractory Masonry Linings

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China's Refractories 2024年第3期33卷 1-8页

作者： Alain GASSER Eric BLOND thomas SAYET Univ.Orléans Univ.ToursINSA-CVLLaMé(EA 7494)Orléans 45072France

Some refractory linings that protect metallic vessels from the hot temperature of the products they contain are made of masonries with or without *** joints play an important role,reducing the stresses in the masonries during ***,the presence of these joints makes the behaviour of the masonry nonlinear and *** perform a thermomechanical simulation using a finite element method of an industrial vessel that contains hundreds or thousands of bricks and joints,microscopic models are not suitable due to the high computational time and the management of the behaviour of the joints(opening/closing)which affects the *** overcome these problems,it is proposed to replace the masonry by a homogeneous material that has a behaviour equivalent to the set of bricks and joints,using a periodic homogenization *** the joints can be closed or open,the equivalent material will have a different behaviour according to the joint ***,refractory materials have an elastic-viscoplastic behaviour at high ***,the equivalent material will have an orthotropic elastic-viscoplastic behaviour,requiring a nonlinear homogenisation *** overview of this approach developed at University of Orléans is presented with two industrial applications(blast-furnace and steel ladle).

关键词： thermomechanical simulation refractory masonry homogenization elastic-viscoplastic behaviour

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Eye on the Sky: A UAP Research and Field Study off New York’s Long Island Coast

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2267-2295页

作者： John Joseph Tedesco Gerald thomas Tedesco Harvard Universitys Galileo Project Independent Research Affiliate Cambridge USA Consortium for The Scientific Understanding of Natures Mysteries Holbrook USA Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Washington USA American Academy of Environmental Engineers and Scientist Annapolis USA Independent Researcher Holbrook USA

A ten-month field research study was meticulously conducted at Robert Moses State Park (RMSP) on the south shore of Long Island, NY. The objective was to determine if aerial phenomena of an unknown nature exist over a coastal location and to characterize their properties and behaviors. Primary and secondary field observation methods were utilized in this data-centric study. Forensic engineering principles and methodologies guided the study. The challenges set forward were object detection, observation, and characterization, where multispectral electro-optical devices and radar were employed due to limited visual acuity and intermittent presentation of the phenomena. The primary means of detection utilized a 3 cm X-band radar operating in two scan geometries, the X- and Y-axis. Multispectral electro-optical devices were utilized as a secondary means of detection and identification. Data was emphasized using HF and LF detectors and spectrum analyzers incorporating EM, ultrasonic, magnetic, and RF field transducers to record spectral data in these domains. Data collection concentrated on characterizing VIS, NIR, SWIR, LWIR, UVA, UVB, UVC, and the higher energy spectral range of ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, and X-ray) recorded by Geiger-Müller counters as well as special purpose semiconductor diode sensors.

关键词： Unidentified Anomalous Phenomenon (UAP) Forensic Techno-Signatures Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) Multispectral Electro-Optical (MEO) Ultraviolet A Radiation (UVA) Ultraviolet B Radiation (UVB) Ultraviolet C Radiation (UVC) Visible (VIS) Near-Infrared (NIR) Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR) Low-Frequency (LF) High-Frequency (HF) Radio-Frequency (RF) Alpha Beta Gamma Ultrasonic X-Band Active Radar Kinematics Aerodynamics Luminous Spheroids Robert Moses State Park (RMSP)

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Effect of Biochar Type and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soybean Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 635-675页

作者： Gbadebo Monday Elebiyo Robert thomas Bachmann Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bio-Engineering Technology Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering Technology Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Alor Gajah Malaysia

In tropical environments, most soybean growth studies have utilized rice husk biochar (RHB) in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched biochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soybean seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure biochar (PMB) and RHB alone and in combinations on grain yield, dry shoot and root biomass of soybeans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of B. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soybean seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control subplot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMB with B. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p B. japonicum-inoculated soybean seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soybean nodulation. This study suggests that RHB combined with PM or PMB provides a beneficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soybean yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

关键词： Biochar Poultry Manure Soil Fertility Soil Microorganism Soybean Production

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短吻三线舌鳎、褐斑三线舌鳎和紫斑舌鳎种类的有效性厘定

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水产学报 2024年第3期48卷 109-117页

作者：孔晓瑜罗海容 thomas A. Munroe 中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室美国史密斯自然博物馆国家系统研究室

舌鳎属有些种类形态特征高度相似，导致了鉴定困难和种类的混乱，例如短吻三线舌鳎(Cynoglossusabbreviatus, Gray, 1834)、褐斑三线舌鳎(C. trigrammus, Günther,1862)和紫斑舌鳎(C. purpureomaculatus,Regan,1905)的种类有效性和种间关系就存在三种观点：仅短吻三线舌鳎为有效种；短吻三线舌鳎和褐斑三线舌鳎均为有效种，而紫斑舌鳎是褐斑三线舌鳎的次同物异名；三个名义种均为有效种。为了解决这一分类混乱，本研究对三种舌鳎的原始描述、自测的模式标本和中国大陆沿海采集标本的28个形态特征和分子条形码进行了比较分析。结果显示，8个可数和16个可量特征的比例值以及2个描述性状在三个种之间为一致、包含、大部分重叠的关系；只有2个描述特征存在差异，一个是在吻长较上眼上缘距背鳍基部的长度特征上，短吻三线舌鳎和紫斑舌鳎为略长、等长或略短于的连续特征值，而褐斑三线舌鳎为明显大于；另一个差异是体表的花色差异，紫斑舌鳎体长一般小于200 mm，且具有明显的斑纹，短吻三线舌鳎体长一般大于200 mm，且随着体长增加，斑点逐渐淡化或者无斑，而不同体长的褐斑三线舌鳎在头后和身体前3/4均具有明显的零星褐色斑纹。COⅠ分子条形码结果显示，短吻三线舌鳎和紫斑舌鳎的遗传距离为0.000～0.002，为种内差异;褐斑三线舌与其他两种舌鳎之间的遗传距离为0.141～0.145，为种间差异。研究表明，短吻三线舌鳎和褐斑三线舌鳎是有效种，紫斑舌鳎是短吻三线舌鳎的次同物异名。本研究结果为鲽形目鱼类的正确分类提供了科学依据。

关键词：鲽形目舌鳎科形态特征有效性 COⅠ条形码

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The lymphatic vessels of the liver observed by Frederik Ruysch

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 757-758页

作者： thomas M.van Gulik Department of Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

The Dutch physician and anatomist Frederik Ruysch[1638-1731]was back in the 17th century,one of the first to discover the lymphatic vessels and associated lymph *** exposed the inguinal lymph nodes during dissection of a human cadaver;however,most of his observations were based on anatomical dissections of living animals(1).He had a wide reputation for his exceptional anatomical dissection *** performed an anatomical dissection of a horse three hours after the animal had eaten,and noted‘white vessels’with a milky content in the mesentery of the *** prepared these lymphatic vessels and after tying off on two sides,he filled a vessel with air using a fine *** observed‘crescent-shaped’valves in the lymphatic vessels and concluded that the flow of lymph was directed into one direction(2).

关键词： Dutch white exceptional

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Antimony, Arsenic and Thallium Bioaccumulation in Asiatic Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Transplanted along the Manadas Creek, Laredo, Texas

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 379-400页

作者： Natasha Garcia Vaughan thomas Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of Biology & Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA

Manadas Creek is an urban tributary of the Rio Grande that flows past a decommissioned antimony smelter and processing plant. This antimony plant is associated with heavy metal contamination in the creek and still poses a threat to the surrounding aquatic environment. Corbicula fluminea was used to determine bioaccumulation from the water column and sediments in Manadas Creek. The metals arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) and thallium (Tl) were analyzed in the water, sediments, gills, mantle, foot, digestive (DI) tract, gonads and shell of clams being monitored at eight sites between March and August 2013. Sediment, water, and dissected Corbicula fluminea samples from different sites in the Creek were acid-digested and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. High levels of antimony (25.88 ug/L;75.96 mg/kg) and arsenic (8.26 ug/L;6.41 mg/kg) in the water and sediments were observed at the site downstream from the smelter. There were no detectable concentrations of arsenic, antimony, or thallium in the shell of C. fluminea. Arsenic and antimony were detected in the tissues of C. fluminea but thallium was not detected. Based on the results, the organotropism for arsenic is DI tract > gills > gonads > foot > mantle > shell and the organotropism for antimony is gills > DI tract > gonads > mantle > foot > shell. This study shows that the Asiatic clam (Corbicula fluminea) is a useful bio-monitor to provide data on the status of metal pollution in Manadas Creek, Laredo, Texas.

关键词： Biomarker Manadas Creek Rio Grande Heavy Metals Corbicula fluminea Biota Sediment Accumulation

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Fast and Balanced Charge Transport Enabled by Solution-Processed Metal Oxide Layers for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 240-248页

作者： Jing Zhang James Mcgettrick Kangyu Ji Jinxin Bi thomas Webb Xueping Liu Dongtao Liu Aobo Ren Yuren Xiang Bowei Li Vlad Stolojan Trystan Watson Samuel D.Stranks Wei Zhang Advanced Technology Institute(ATI) University of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUK SPECIFIC College of EngineeringSwansea UniversityBay Campus SA18ENSwansea UK Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ JThomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of Chemical Engineering&Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK

Metal oxide charge transport materials are preferable for realizing long-term stable and potentially low-cost perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,due to some technical difficulties(e.g.,intricate fabrication protocols,high-temperature heating process,incompatible solvents,etc.),it is still challenging to achieve efficient and reliable all-metal-oxide-based ***,we developed efficient inverted PSCs(IPSCs)based on solution-processed nickel oxide(NiO_(x))and tin oxide(SnO_(2))nanoparticles,working as hole and electron transport materials respectively,enabling a fast and balanced charge transfer for photogenerated charge *** further understanding and optimizing the perovskite/metal oxide interfaces,we have realized an outstanding power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 23.5%(the bandgap of the perovskite is 1.62 eV),which is the highest efficiency among IPSCs based on all-metal-oxide charge transport *** to these stable metal oxides and improved interface properties,ambient stability(retaining 95%of initial PCE after 1 month),thermal stability(retaining 80%of initial PCE after 2 weeks)and light stability(retaining 90%of initial PCE after 1000 hours aging)of resultant devices are enhanced *** addition,owing to the low-temperature fabrication procedures of the entire device,we have obtained a PCE of over 21%for flexible IPSCs with enhanced operational stability.

关键词： fast and balanced charge transfer inverted perovskite solar cells long-term stability low-temperature processing metal oxides

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Hepatic grooves:An observational study at laparoscopic surgery

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 97-102页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Dexter A thomas Fawwaz Mohammed Michael T Gardner Marlene Craigie Shaneeta Johnson Ramnanand S Kedambady Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt Augustine 000000Trinidad and Tobago Department of Surgery Port of Spain General HospitalPort of Spain 000000Trinidad and Tobago Section of Anatomy Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department of Radiology University of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States Section of Anatomy Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston KIN7Jamaica

BACKGROUND In traditional descriptions,the upper surface of the liver is smooth and convex,but deep depressions are variants that are present in 5%-40%of *** sought to determine the relationship between surface depressions and the *** To use exploratory laparoscopy to determine the relationship between surface depressions and the *** An observational study was performed in all patients undergoing laparoscopic upper gastro-intestinal operations between January 1,2023 and January 20,2024.A thirty-degree laparoscope was used to inspect the liver and *** surface depressions were present,we recorded patient demographics,presence of diaphragmatic bands,rib protrusions and/or any other source of compression during *** Of 394 patients,343 had normal surface anatomy,and 51(12.9%)had prominent surface depressions on the *** was no significant relationship between the presence of surface depressions and gender nor the presence of rib ***,there was significant association between the presence of surface depressions and diaphragmatic muscular bands(P<0.001).CONCLUSION With these data,the diaphragmatic-band theory has gained increased importance over other theories for surface *** studies are warranted using cross sectional imaging to confirm relationships with intersectional planes as well as beta-catenin assays in the affected liver parenchyma.

关键词： Liver Variant Vein Hepatic Surgery

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