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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第3期12卷 107-109页

作者： thomas kingsley Robert Kirchoff James S Newman Rahul Chaudhary Division of Hospital Internal Medicine Department of Internal MedicineHospital Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis IndianapolisIA 46202United States

Syncope forms a major part of medical in-flight emergencies contributing one-infour in-flight medical events accounting to 70%of flight *** such patients,it is important to elucidate the pathophysiology of syncope prior to *** hypotension is the most common etiology of in-flight syncopal ***,individuals without any underlying autonomic dysfunction can still experience syncope from hypoxia also known as airline *** steps in managing such patients include positioning followed by the airway,breathing and circulation of *** interventions need to be in close coordination with ground control to determine decision for flight *** which have been tried for prevention include mental challenge and increased salt and fluid *** current paper enhances the understanding of airline syncope by summarizing the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms and the management medical personnel can initiate with limited resources.

关键词： Syncope Airline syncope Aviation Pathophysiology Hypoxic syncope Inflight emergency

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Role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular diseases

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第4期12卷 110-122页

作者： Marko Novakovic Amit Rout thomas kingsley Robert Kirchoff Amteshwar Singh Vipin Verma Ravi Kant Rahul Chaudhary Department of Internal Medicine Sinai Hospital of BaltimoreBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hospital Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hospital MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusCharlestonSC 29425United States Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and NutritionMedical University of South Carolina/Anmed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States

The human gut is colonized by a community of microbiota,primarily bacteria,that exist in a symbiotic relationship with the *** microbiota-host interactions play a critical role in the regulation of human *** changes to the composition of gut microbiota,referred to as gut dysbiosis,has been linked to the development and progression of numerous diseases,including cardiovascular disease(CVD).Imbalances in host-microbial interaction impair homeostatic mechanisms that regulate health and can activate multiple pathways leading to CVD risk factor *** CVD risk factors,including aging,obesity,dietary patterns,and a sedentary lifestyle,have been shown to induce gut *** is associated with intestinal inflammation and reduced integrity of the gut barrier,which in turn increases circulating levels of bacterial structural components and microbial metabolites,including trimethylamine-N-oxide and short-chain fatty acids,that may facilitate the development of *** article reviews the normal function and composition of the gut microbiome,mechanisms leading to the leaky gut syndrome,its mechanistic link to CVD and potential novel therapeutic approaches aimed towards restoring gut microbiome and CVD *** CVD is the leading cause of deaths globally,investigating the gut microbiota as a locus of intervention presents a novel and clinically relevant avenue for future research.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Coronary artery disease Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Thrombosis

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