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Monk.ypox: A Viral Zoonotic Disease of Rising Global Concern

Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第3期4卷 121-131页

作者： Suk.maran Ani Betsy Joseph Mary thomas Vishnupriya k.Sweety Nandita Suresh Tumos Waltimo Department of Dentistry Oral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationPost Box 3050DohaQatar College of Dental Medicine Qatar UniversityPost Box 2713DohaQatar Department of Periodontology Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077India Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Helsinki University and University HospitalHelsinki 00014Finland Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre MedicityPerumthuruthyTiruvallaKerala 689101India Clinic for Oral Health and Medicine University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZBUniversity of Basel4058 BaselSwitzerland.

Monk.ypox(mpox)is a rare viral zoonotic disease,endemic to Central and West Africa,caused by the monk.ypox virus,an orthopoxvirus similar to the variola virus(smallpox).Although sporadic travel-associated cases have historically occurred outside Africa,in May 2022,mpox began spreading globally in multiple nonendemic countries across several *** 2024,there has been an increase in globally reported confirmed cases of mpox and deaths from mpox,mak.ng it a public health emergency of international *** reasons for the unusual global spread are under investigation but lik.ly relate to increased travel and waning population immunity to *** now appears to be mainly through close,intimate contact,especially among men who have sex with *** is usually a self-limited *** limited approved antiviral treatments are available,such as tecovirimat,which the European Medicines Agency approved in January 2022 for the treatment of mpox,their widespread availability and effectiveness in the current outbreak.remain to be *** health control measures include surveillance,case identification/isolation,contact tracing,and targeted vaccination of contacts at high risk.of ***,challenges remain in curtailing the current unprecedented *** k.owledge gaps include animal reservoir(s)responsible for initial spillover events,viral mutations that may enhance transmissibility,optimal diagnostics for noninvasive specimens,effective antiviral therapies,next-generation vaccines providing longer-term immunity,and building global capacity for outbreak.*** review summarizes the current literature on mpox virology,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnostics,treatment,prevention,and public health control *** investigation and research are needed to better understand mpox’s evolving epidemiology,pathogenicity,transmissibility,and ecology to guide strategies for containin

关键词： Antiviral agents Disease outbreak. Epidemiology Mpox Smallpox vaccine Zoonoses

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麻醉专科培训项目中丙泊酚滥用的调查研究

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第5期4卷 89-94页

作者： Paul E. Wischmeyer Bradley R. Johnson Joel E. Wilson Colleen Dingmann Heidi M. Bachman Evan Roller Zung Vu Tran thomas k. henthorn 谢鹏(译) 喻田(校) Department of Anesthesiology University of Colorado Denver Colorado Department of Chemistry Valparaiso University Valparaiso Indiana Department of Biostatistics University of Colorado Denver Colorado 不详

背景尽管传统观点并不认为丙泊酚是一种可以滥用的药物，但亚麻醉剂量的丙泊酚有潜在的滥用可能。我们通过本项调查研究来评估麻醉专科丙泊酚滥用的发生率及其转归。方法调查内容以电子邮件方式，发送到美国126个麻醉专科培训项目。结... 详细信息

背景尽管传统观点并不认为丙泊酚是一种可以滥用的药物，但亚麻醉剂量的丙泊酚有潜在的滥用可能。我们通过本项调查研究来评估麻醉专科丙泊酚滥用的发生率及其转归。方法调查内容以电子邮件方式，发送到美国126个麻醉专科培训项目。结果此项调查的回复率为100％。在过去的10年中，18％的科室报告存在一起或多起丙泊酚滥用或挪用。本研究显示，最近10年，麻醉实施者中丙泊酚滥用的发生率为10／10000，比前次调研的结果增加5倍（P=0．005）。在上报的25个滥用丙泊酚的个案中，有7人死于丙泊酚滥用（占28％），其中6人是住院医生。约有71％的科室没有对丙泊酚建立起类似阿片类药物管理的监督系统。在滥用发生期间，科室没有对丙泊酚进行监控（如药品清点），与滥用发生率之间存在一定的关联（P=0．048）。结论在过去10年中，麻醉专科培训项目中丙泊酚滥用的发生率似乎呈增长趋势，多数死亡病例发生在住院医师身上。许多科室没有对丙泊酚进行药品清点和监控。令人担忧的是，所有报道有丙泊酚滥用致死的科室都没有对丙泊酚进行药品清点。

关键词：亚麻醉剂量培训项目丙泊酚专科药物管理发生率电子邮件住院医生

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Insights into carbon dioxide sequestration into coal seams through coupled gas flow-adsorption-deformation modelling

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 26-40页

作者： Hywel thomas Min Chen Geoenvironmental Research Centre Cardiff School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityQueen’s BuildingsThe ParadeNewport RoadCardiffCF243AAUK k.y Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China

Injecting carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into coal seams may unlock.substantial carbon sequestration *** the coal acts lik. a carbon filter,it can preferentially absorb significant amounts of CO_(2).To explore this further,desorption of the adsorbed gas due to pressure drop is investigated in this paper,to achieve an improved understanding of the long-term fate of injected CO_(2) during post-injection *** paper presents a dual porosity model coupling gas flow,adsorption and geomechanics for studying coupled processes and effectiveness of CO_(2) sequestration in coals.A new adsorption?desorption model derived based on thermodynamics is incorporated,particularly,the desorption hysteresis is *** reliability of the proposed adsorption-desorption isotherm is examined via validation *** is indicated that occurrence of desorption hysteresis is attributed to the adsorption-induced pore *** injection ceases,the injected gas continues to propagate further from the injection well,while the pressure in the vicinity of the injection well experiences a significant *** the adsorbed gas near the well also decreases,this decrease is less compared to that in pressure because of desorption *** unceasing spread of CO_(2) and drops of pressure and adsorbed gas depend on the degree of desorption hysteresis and heterogeneity of coals,which should be considered when designing CO_(2) sequestration into coal seams.

关键词： CO_(2)geological storage Coal seam Adsorption Desorption hysteresis

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPERSURFACES IN LIE SPHERE GEOMETRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： thomas E.CECIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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Proximity-dependent protein (de)stabilization: screening the human ORFeome for protein degraders and stabilizers

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3161-3162页

作者： thomas Hermanns k.y Hofmann Institute for Genetics University of CologneCologneGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Poirson et *** an unbiased screen for proteins that can either bring about-or prevent-the destruction of proteinaceous model substrates in a proximity-dependent *** of such protein degraders and stabilizers will be instrumental in the development of new drug classes that specifically regulate the abundance of their target proteins.

关键词： al. stabilization stabilizers

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How to enhance agricultural plastic waste management in China?Insights from public participation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2127-2143页

作者： Aibo Hao thomas Dogot Changbin Yin State k.y Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Economics and Rural Development Laboratory TERRA Teaching and Research CentreGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of LiègeGembloux B-5030Belgium Research Center for Agricultural Green Development in China Beijing 100081China

Agricultural plastics play a pivotal role in agricultural ***,due to expensive costs,agricultural plastic waste management(APWM)encounters a vast funding *** one of the crucial stak.holders,the public deserves to mak. appropriate efforts for ***,identifying whether the public is willing to pay for APWM and clarifying the decisions’driving pathways to explore initiatives for promoting their payment intentions are essential to address the dilemma confronting *** this end,by applying the extended theory of planned behavior(TPB),the study conducted an empirical analysis based on 1,288 residents from four provinces(autonomous regions)of northern *** illustrate that:1)respondents hold generally positive and relatively strong payment willingness towards APWM;2)respondents’attitude(AT),subjective norm(SN),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)are positively correlated with their payment intentions(INT);3)environmental cognition(EC)and environmental emotion(EE)positively moderate the relationships between AT and INT,and between SN and INT,posing significant indirect impacts on *** study’s implications extend to informing government policies,suggesting that multi-entity cooperation,specifically public payment for APWM,can enhance agricultural non-point waste management.

关键词： agricultural plastic waste extended theory of planned behavior public payment environmental cognition environmental emotion

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Theory and classification of mass extinction causation

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 16-36页

作者： thomas J.Algeo Jun Shen State k.y Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences—Wuhan State k.y Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences—Wuhan Department of Geosciences University of Cincinnati

Theory regarding the causation of mass extinctions is in need of systematization, which is the focus of this contribution. Every mass extinction has both an ultimate cause, i.e. the trigger that leads to various climato-environmental changes, and one or more proximate cause(s), i.e. the specific climato-environmental changes that result in elevated biotic mortality. With regard to ultimate causes, strong cases can be made that bolide(i.e. meteor) impacts, large igneous province(LIP) eruptions and bioevolutionary events have each triggered one or more of the Phanerozoic Big Five mass extinctions, and that tectono-oceanic changes have triggered some second-order extinction events. Apart from bolide impacts, other astronomical triggers(*** flares, gamma bursts and supernova explosions) remain entirely in the realm of speculation. With regard to proximate mechanisms, most extinctions are related to either carbon-release or carbon-burial processes, the former being associated with climatic warming, ocean acidification, reduced marine productivity and lower carbonate δ13C values, and the latter with climatic cooling, increased marine productivity and higher carbonate δ13C values. Environmental parameters such as marine redox conditions and terrestrial weathering intensity do not show consistent relationships with carbon-cycle *** this context, mass extinction causation can be usefully classified using a matrix of ultimate and proximate factors. Among the Big Five mass extinctions, the end-Cretaceous biocrisis is an example of a bolide-triggered carbon-release event, the end-Permian and end-Triassic biocrises are examples of LIP-triggered carbon-release events, and the Late Ordovician and Late Devonian biocrises are examples of bioevolution-triggered carbon-burial events. Whereas the bolide-impact and LIP-eruption mechanisms appear to invariably cause carbon release, bioevolutionary triggers can result in variable carbon-cycle changes, e.g. carbon burial durin

关键词： biocrisis ultimate cause proximate cause bolide large igneous province bioevolutionary event

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Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong k.ng: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： Jinglu Song Yi Lu thomas Fischer k.jia Hu Department of Urban Planning and Design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong k.ng, China. Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong k.ng Census and Statistics Department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymak.rs and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk.reduction

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Aulacaspis yasumatsui infestations accelerate Cycas leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 681-684页

作者： thomas E.MARLER Bagong k.alaman Botanik.l Institute 15 Rizal StreetBarangay MalabañasAngeles City 2009(Philippines)

Dear Editor,Numerous aspects of ecosystem ecology are influenced by insects(Prasad,2022).Herbivory of plant organs by insects may influence the biogeochemistry of forests by changing the speed of litter decomposition(Schowalter,2022).Cycas micronesica *** is the only native gymnosperm in the Mariana *** once-abundant tree experienced no k.own lethal threats prior to the 2003 invasion of Guam by the scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Tak.gi(Marler,2012).This insular case study has been the subject of abundant research(Marler et al.,2021).Changes to leaf litter chemistry improved litter quality following *** infestations(Marler and Dongol,2016),but the prediction of increased decomposition speed has not been confirmed with experimental incubations.

关键词： litter fir release

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Drivers for Inter-city Innovation Network. Across Chinese Cities:Modelling Physical Versus Intangible Effects

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 706-721页

作者： GAO Yujie SCHERNGELL thomas NEULÄNDTNER Martina School of Applied Economics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Center for Innovation Systems&Policy Austrian Institute of TechnologyVienna 1210Austria

Cross-region innovation is widely recognized as an important source of the long-term regional innovation *** the recent past,a growing number of studies has investigated the network.structure and mechanisms of cross-region innovation collaboration in various ***,existing research mainly focuses on physical effects,such as geographical distance and high-speed railway *** studies ignore the intangible drivers in a changing environment,the more digitalized economy and the increasingly solidified innovation network.***,the focus of this study is on estimating determinants of innovation network.,especially on intangible drivers,which have been largely neglected so *** city-level data of Chinese patents(excluding Hong k.ng,Macao,and Taiwan Province of China),we trace innovation network. across Chinese cities over a long period of *** integrating a measure on Information and Communications Technology(ICT)development gap and network.structural effects into the general proximity framework.this paper explores the changing mechanisms of Chinese innovation network. from a new *** results show that the structure of cross-region innovation network. has changed in *** mechanisms behind this development,the results confirm the increasingly important role of intangible drivers in Chinese inter-city innovation collaboration when controlling for effects of physical proximity,such as geographical *** digitalization and coordinated development are the mainstream trends in China and other developing countries,these countries'inter-city innovation collaboration patterns will witness dramatic changes under the influence of intangible drivers.

关键词： inter-city innovation network co-patents information and communications technology development network.structural effect spatial interaction model China

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