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Near-infrared-reflection spectroscopy as measuring method to determine the state of the process for automatic control of anaerobic digestion

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第2期6卷 63-72页

作者： Andrea Stockl Daniel Löffler Hans Oechsner thomas jungbluth Klaus Fischer Martin Kranert State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy University of Hohenheim70593 Stuttgart-PlieningenGermany Institute for Sanitary Engineering Water Quality and Solid Waste ManagementUniversity of StuttgartBandtäle 270569 StuttgartGermany State Institute of Agricultural Engineering Livestock System EngineeringUniversity of Hohenheim70593 Stuttgart-PlieningenGermany

A recently developed control strategy for the anaerobic digestion process requires secure knowledge about the state of the *** near infrared reflection spectroscopy(NIRS),provides the possibility to determine process parameters of the anaerobic digestion process online and directly at the *** investigate if the NIRS measurements can successfully be used for the characterization of the state of the process within the control strategy the control was operated on two experimental *** NIR spectra were recorded during the *** values of the process parameters(mainly concentrations of organic acids)obtained by NIRS differ from the values of the chemical analyses during the *** the state of the process is categorized equally on the basis of both measurement *** can consequently be stated that NIRS is expected to meet the requirements of the control strategy.

关键词： near-infrared-reflection spectroscopy(NIRS) state of the process automatic process control anaerobic digestion biogas

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Effects of temperature,pH and O_(2) on the removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas by external biological desulfurization in a full scale fixed-bed trickling bioreactor(FBTB)

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 69-81页

作者： Hans-Joachim Naegele Jonas Lindner Wolfgang Merkle Andreas Lemmer thomas jungbluth Claus Bogenrieder University of Hohenheim State Institute for Agricultural Engineering and BioenergyGarbenstraße 9 StuttgartBaden-WürttembergDE 70599 Germany Züblin Umwelttechnik GmbH UmwelttechnikOtto-Dürr-Straße 1StuttgartBaden-WürttembergDE 70435 Germany

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is a critical component of biogas formed under anaerobic conditions by sulfur and sulfate reducing bacteria from animal manure and renewable energy crops.H_(2)S causes high corrosion in equipment,has a negative environmental impact,inhibits the biogas formation process and is furthermore odorous and *** several methods for internal and external desulfurization found their way into practice and had been explored at laboratory scale,no data were available on the performance of such methods in full scale practice,especially for an external fixed-bed trickling bioreactor(FBTB).The effects of temperature,pH and air ratio on H_(2)S removal efficiency(RE)were *** study was conducted at a research biogas plant with a given output of 96 m^(3) biogas per hour,and an H_(2)S concentration ranging between 500 ppm and 600 ppm(1 ppm=1 cm^(3)/m^(3))on *** FBTB column has been designed to hold a packing volume of 2.21 m^(3) at a gas retention time of 84 seconds being loaded at an average of 32.88 g H_(2)S/(m^(3)·h).The highest H_(2)S RE of 98% was found at temperatures between 30℃ and 40℃.A major decline in RE to 21%-45%was observed at temperatures from 5℃ to 25℃.The results clearly showed a temperature optimum range for sulfate reducing *** results reveal that RE is little affected by different pH values and air *** the experimental period,the practical suitability of the FBTB system could be proved while avoiding the disadvantages of internal biological desulfurization methods.

关键词： external biological desulfurization fixed-bed trickling bioreactor(FBTB) H_(2)S removal efficiency(RE) hydrogen sulfide biogas full scale biogas research plant

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