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Salinity variation and hydrographic dynamics in the early Cambrian Nanhua Basin(South China)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第6期66卷 1268-1278页

作者： Meng CHENG Zihu ZHANG Chengsheng jIN Wei WEI Haiyang WANG thomas j.ALGEO Chao LI State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation&Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China International Center for Sedimentary Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry Research Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053China School of Earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geology University of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221-0013USA

Despite intensive study of the early Cambrian Nanhua Basin(ECNB)in South China,its degree of connectedness to the open ocean remains uncertain,impeding analysis of contemporaneous oceanic redox evolution and its role in the Cambrian *** analyzed bulk-shale B/Ga,a newly proposed proxy for watermass salinity in ancient depositional systems,for three sections(Daotuo,Yuanjia,and Zhalagou)representing a range of water depths in the ECNB and spanning early Cambrian Stages 2 and *** B/Ga proxy records a salinity gradient in the basin,with increasing salinity from shallow-to deep-water areas,particularly during the deposition of black shales of the lower jiumenchong/Niutitang/Zhalagou *** gradient was probably due to the mixing of freshwater from adjacent landmasses with marine waters within a moderately restricted *** three study sections exhibit a monotonic rise in salinity over the~9-Myr study interval,reflecting increased watermass exchange with the open ocean due to regional tectonic and/or global sea-level *** improved watermass exchange may have weakened water-column stratification and reduced deep-water anoxia in the ECNB,contributing the enhanced oceanic oxygenation along with global environmental controls and further modulating the expression of the Cambrian Explosion recorded in Lower Cambrian sections of South *** study thus highlights the need for comprehensive analyses of hydrographic dynamics in marginal-marine settings that are used to explore co-evolutionary relationships between early animals and environmental oxygen levels.

关键词： B/Ga Boron Gallium Watermass restriction Cambrian Explosion Co-evolution

A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel j.Novais Rajkishen Narayanan jose A.Canseco Koen van de Wetering Christopher K.Kepler Alan S.Hilibrand Alexander R.Vaccaro Makarand V.Risbud Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal Rothman Orthopedic Institute at thomas jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;TNAP,ENPP1,and ANK upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

A Five-stage Evolution of Earth's Phosphorus Cycle

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地质学报:英文版 2023年第5期97卷 1306-1317页

作者： jIAO Liangxuan Matthew SDODD thomas jALGEO LI Chao Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation&Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China International Center for Sedimentary Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry Research Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China School of Earth Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geosciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221U.S.A.

Phosphorus(P)is a key biological nutrient and probably the ultimate limiter of marine productivity during Earth *** recent years,a wealth of new knowledge has revolutionized our understanding of the global P cycle,yet its longterm evolution remains incompletely *** this paper,we review the effects of three major controlling factors on the long-term evolution of the global P cycle,i.e.,tectonics,marine redox conditions,and bio-evolution,on the basis of which a five-stage model is proposed:StageⅠ(>~2.4 Ga),tectonic-lithogenic-controlled P cycling;StageⅡ(~2.4 Ga to 635Ma),low-efficiency biotic P cycling;StageⅢ(~635 Ma to 380 Ma),transitional biotic P cycling;StageⅣ(~380 Ma to near-modern),high-efficiency biotic P cycling;and Stage V(Anthropocene),human-influenced P *** model implies that the earlier-proposed Ediacaran reorganization of the marine P cycle may represent only the start of a-250-Myr-long transition of the Earth's P cycle(StageⅢ)between the low-efficiency biotic mode of the Proterozoic(StageⅡ)and the high-efficiency biotic mode of the Phanerozoic(StageⅣ).The development of biologically-driven,high-efficiency P cycling may have been a key factor for the increasing frequency and volume of phosphorite deposits since the late Neoproterozoic.

关键词： tectonics marine redox life evolution phosphorite Ediacaran Anthropocene

Establishing a standard method for analysing case detection delay in leprosy using a Bayesian modelling approach

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第1期12卷 71-81页

作者： thomas Hambridge Luc E.Coffeng Sake j.de Vlas jan Hendrik Richardus Department of Public Health Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands

Background Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and remains a source of preventable disability if left *** detection delay is an important epidemiological indicator for progress in interrupting transmission and preventing disability in a ***,no standard method exists to effectively analyse and interpret this type of *** this study,we aim to evaluate the characteristics of leprosy case detection delay data and select an appropriate model for the variability of detection delays based on the best fitting distribution *** Two sets of leprosy case detection delay data were evaluated:a cohort of 181 patients from the post exposure prophylaxis for leprosy(PEP4LEP)study in high endemic districts of Ethiopia,Mozambique,and Tanzania;and self-reported delays from 87 individuals in 8 low endemic countries collected as part of a systematic literature *** models were fit to each dataset to assess which probability distribution(log-normal,gamma or Weibull)best describes variation in observed case detection delays using leave-one-out cross-validation,and to estimate the effects of individual *** For both datasets,detection delays were best described with a log-normal distribution combined with covariates age,sex and leprosy subtype[expected log predictive density(ELPD)for the joint model:-1123.9].Patients with multibacillary(MB)leprosy experienced longer delays compared to paucibacillary(PB)leprosy,with a relative difference of 1.57[95%Bayesian credible interval(BCI):1.14-2.15].Those in the PEP4LEP cohort had 1.51(95%BCI:1.08-2.13)times longer case detection delay compared to the self-reported patient delays in the systematic *** The log-normal model presented here could be used to compare leprosy case detection delay datasets,including PEP4LEP where the primary outcome measure is reduction in case detection *** recommend the application of this modelling approach to test d

关键词： Leprosy Case detection delay Neglected tropical diseases Epidemiological methods Bayesian approach Statistical model

Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for Peyronie’s disease:a single-center experience

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Asian journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 45-49页

作者： Maher Abdessater William Akakpo Anthony Kanbar jérome Parra thomas Seisen Emmanuel Chartier-Kastler Sarah j Drouin Morgan Roupret APHP-Sorbonne University PitiéSalpêtrièreAcademic Urology Unit83 bvd HopitalParis 75013France

The aim of this article is to assess the outcomes of a low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy(LiESWT)protocol for the treatment of Peyronie’s disease(PD).Patients treated for PD were prospectively recorded,and data were retrospectively ***,characteristics of fibrous plaques,concomitant treatments,International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5),Lue score,and pain score on Likert scale were *** in acute phase of PD and an angulation of<40°were *** protocol consisted of 6 weekly sessions of 4000 pulses each,applied from different directions,with a maximal power of 20 W and 8 Hz *** included 39 patients(median age:56.8 years,interquartile range[IQR]:35.8–62.2 years).The median number of sessions received per patient was *** treatment,the median Lue score decreased from 6.8 initially to 3.3(P=0.003),the median Likert pain score dropped from 1.8 to 0.7(P=0.004),the median plaque size was reduced from 2 cm to 1.2 cm(P=0.08),and the median penile curvature diminished from 31°to 17°(P=0.07).On univariate and multivariate analysis,the only predictors of success were younger age(odds ratio[OR]=0.95,P=0.03 and OR=0.91,P=0.04,respectively)and concomitant use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors(PDE5i;OR=0.92,P=0.02 and OR=0.93,P=0.01,respectively).LiESWT had a favorable impact on Lue score and notably penile pain,curvature,plaque size,and erectile function in patients treated for PD during the early inflammatory phase,with no side *** age and concomitant use of PDE5i were the only success predictors.

关键词： erectile dysfunction extracorporeal shock wave therapy Peyronie’s disease piezoelectric waves

Retinal microvascular signs and recurrent vascular events in patients with TIA or minor stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第5期8卷 379-386,I0001-I0007页

作者： Philipp Klyscz thomas Ihl Inga Laumeier Maureen Steinicke Matthias Endres Georg Michelson Heinrich j Audebert Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health BerlinGermany Excellence Cluster NeuroCure Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases partner site BerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site BerlinGermany Ophthalmology Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Medizinische FakultätErlangenGermany Talkingeyes&More GmbH ErlangenGermany

Background and purpose Retinal pathologies are an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke,but research on the predictive value of retinal abnormalities for recurrent vascular events in patients with prior stroke is *** investigated the association of retinal pathologies with subsequent vascular *** In a substudy of the Intensified secondary prevention intending a reduction of recurrent events in TIA and minor stroke patients(INSPiRE-TMS)trial,we enrolled patients with recent transient ischaemic attack(TIA)or minor stroke with at least one modifiable risk *** outcome was the composite of subsequent vascular *** photographs were taken at baseline and categorised into three different fundus groups by a telemedically linked *** 722 patients participated in the current study and 109 major vascular events *** multivariable adjustments,we did not find a significant association between fundus categories and risk for subsequent vascular events(HRs for moderate vascular retinopathy and vascular retinopathy with vessel rarefaction in comparison to no vascular retinopathy 1.03(95%CI 0.64 to 1.67),p=0.905 and 1.17(95%CI 0.62 to 2.20),p=0.626).In a selective post hoc analysis in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension,patients with vascular retinopathy with vessel rarefaction had a higher risk for recurrent stroke(HR 24.14(95%CI 2.74 to 212.50),p=0.004).Conclusions Retinal changes did not predict major subsequent vascular events in patients with recent TIA or minor *** studies are needed to examine the utility of fundus photography in assessing the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

关键词： patients Retinal prevention

Toward Single-Atomic-Layer Lithography on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Surfaces Using AFM-Based Electrochemical Etching

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第1期5卷 32-38页

作者： Wei Han Paven thomas Mathew Srikanth Kolagatla Brian j.Rodriguez Fengzhou Fang Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT-Dublin) University College DublinDublin D04 V1W&I reland Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Physics University College DublinDublin D04 V1W&Ireland Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research University College DublinDublin D04 V1W&Ireland State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Atomic force microscopy(AFM)-based electrochemical etching of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)surface is studied toward the single-atomic-layer lithography of intricate *** etching is performed in the water meniscus formed between the AFM tip apex and HOPG surface due to a capillary effect under controlled high relative humid-ity(~75%)at otherwise ambient *** conditions to etch nano-holes,nano-lines,and other intricate patterns are *** clectrochemical reactions of HOPG etching should not generatc debris duc to the conversion of graphite to gaseous CO and CO_(2)based on etching ***,debris is observed on the etched HOPG surface,and incom-plete gasification of carbon occurs during the etching process,resulting in the generation of solid ***,the applied potential is of critical importance for precise etching,and the precision is also significantly influenced by the AFM tip *** study shows that the AFM-based electrochemical etching has the potential to remove the material in a single-atomic-layer *** result is likely because the etching process is based on anodic dissolution,resulting in the material removal atom by atom.

关键词： Etching Lithography Electrochemical machining Atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM)

Return to sport following toe phalanx fractures:A systematic review

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World journal of Orthopedics 2023年第6期14卷 471-484页

作者： Greg A j Robertson Amit Sinha thomas Hodkinson Togay Koç Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth PO63LYUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Wales DeaneryCardiff CF157QQUnited Kingdom Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustHull HU32JZUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Southampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Evidence-based guidance on return to sport following toe phalanx fractures is *** To systemically review all studies recording return to sport following toe phalanx fractures(both acute fractures and stress fractures),and to collate information on return rates to sport(RRS)and mean return times(RTS)to the *** A systematic search of PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,Physiotherapy Evidence Database,and Google Scholar was performed in December 2022 using the keywords‘Toe’,‘Phalanx’,‘Fracture’,‘injury’,‘athletes’,‘sports’,‘non-operative’,‘conservative’,‘operative’,‘return to sport’.All studies which recorded RRS and RTS following toe phalanx fractures were *** Thirteen studies were included:one retrospective cohort study and twelve case *** studies reported on acute *** studies reported on stress *** the acute fractures(n=156),63 were treated with primary conservative management(PCM),6 with primary surgical management(PSM)(all displaced intra-articular(physeal)fractures of the great toe base of the proximal phalanx),1 with secondary surgical management(SSM)and 87 did not specify treatment *** the stress fractures(n=26),23 were treated with PCM,3 with PSM,and 6 with *** acute fractures,RRS with PCM ranged from 0 to 100%,and RTS with PCM ranged from 1.2 to 24 *** acute fractures,RRS with PSM were all 100%,and RTS with PSM ranged from 12 to 24 *** case of an undisplaced intra-articular(physeal)fracture treated conservatively required conversion to SSM on refracture with a return to *** stress fractures,RRS with PCM ranged from 0%to 100%,and RTS with PCM ranged from 5 to 10 *** stress fractures,RRS with PSM were all 100%,and RTS with surgical management ranged from 10 to 16 *** cases of conservatively-managed stress fractures required conversion to *** of these cases were associated with a prolonged delay to diagnosis(1 year,2 years)and four cases with an un

关键词： Acute Stress Fracture Toe Phalanx Return Sport Rate Time

Exome sequencing identifies a likely causative variant in 53%of families with ciliopathy-related features on renal ultrasound after excluding NPHP1 deletions

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 40-43页

作者： Konstantin Deutsch Verena Klambt thomas M.Kitzler Tilman jobst-Schwan Ronen Schneider Florian Buerger Steve Seltzsam Sherif El Desoky jameela A.Kari Farkhanda Hafeez Maria Szczepanska Loai A.Eid Hazem S.Awad Muna Al-Saffar Neveen A.Soliman Velibor Tasic Camille Nicolas-Frank Kirollos Yousef Luca M.Schierbaum Sophia Schneider Abdul Halawi Izzeldin Elmubarak Katharina Lemberg Shirlee Shril Shrikant M.Mane Nancy Rodig Friedhelm Hildebrandt Division of Nephrology Department of PediatricsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nephrology and Metabolic DiseasesCharite Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlin 13353Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charitee Universitatsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBIH Charite Clinician Scientist ProgramBerlin 10178Germany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension FriedrichAlexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergErlangen 91054Germany Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityPediatric Nephrology Center of ExcellenceKing Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Nephrology The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child HealthLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical Sciences in ZabrzeMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-752Poland Dubai Hospital and Al-jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital Kidney Center of ExcellenceDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Department of Genetics and Genomics UAE UniversityAbu Dhabi 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics Center of Pediatric Nephrology and TransplantationKasr Al Ainy School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine(ECRRM) Cairo 11511Egypt Medical Faculty Skopje University Children’s HospitalSkopje 1000North Macedonia Department of Genetics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520USA

Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies(NPHP-RC)represent one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life and are characterized by a broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity.1 To date,more than 90 genes have been identified that cause autosomalrecessive NPHP-RC if mutated,accounting for up to 60%of cases.1 Among these,homozygous deletions of NPHP1 are the most common *** genes localize to primary cilia,basal bodies,or the centrosome and lead to a primary ciliary disruption if mutated,thereby causing a broad phenotypical spectrum.1 Patients that suffer from NPHP-RC can either have an isolated renal phenotype,such as polyuria,polydipsia,decreased urinary concentration ability,and secondary enuresis due to loss of tubular function,or present with extrarenal symptoms including retinal degeneration,cerebellar vermis hypoplasia,or hepatic *** are often diagnosed in early adolescence,reaching end-stage renal disease before 25 years of age,but early onset and rapidly progressive forms of NPHP-RC also exist.1 Renal ultrasound indicates kidneys of normal or reduced renal length with increased echogenicity and corticomedullary cysts.

关键词： degeneration urinary likely