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Microstructure Characterization of a Biogenic Shale Gas Formation——Insights from the Antrim Shale,Michigan Basin

Journal of Earth Science 2020年第6期31卷 1229-1240页

作者： Kouqi Liu Natalia Zakharova thomas gentzis Adedoyin Adeyilola Humberto Carvajal-Ortiz Hallie Fowler Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Central Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMI 48859USA Core Laboratories Reservoir Geology GroupHoustonTX 77040USA

Biogenic gas shales,predominantly microbial in origin,form an important class of organicrich shale reservoirs with a significant economic *** large gaps remain in the understanding of their gas generation,storage,and transport mechanisms,as previous studies have been largely focused on mature thermogenic shale *** this study,the pore structure of 18 Antrim Shale samples was characterized using gas adsorption(CO2 and N2).The results show that most of the Antrim Shale samples are rich in organic matter content(0.58 wt.%to 14.15 wt.%),with highest values found in the Lachine and Norwood *** from the Paxton Member,characterized by lower organic content,have smaller micropore surface area and micropore volume but larger meso-macro pore surface area and *** deconvolution results of the pore size distribution from the N2 adsorption indicate that all of the tested Antrim Shale samples have similar pore *** matter in the Antrim Shale hosts micro pores instead of meso-macro pores,while clay minerals host both micro and meso-macro *** pores play a primary role in the total *** biogenic Antrim Shale,therefore,has different pore structures from other well-studied thermogenic gas shales worldwide.

关键词： gas adsorption Antrim Shale biogenic shale organic matter

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Maceral evolution of lacustrine shale and its effects on the development of organic pores during low mature to high mature stage:A case study from the Qingshankou Formation in northern Songliao Basin,northeast China

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Petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 2709-2725页

作者： Liu Wang Bo Liu Long-Hui Bai Mehdi Ostadhassan thomas gentzis Bo-Yang Wang Yi-Zhang Wang Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqingHeilongjiang163318China Accumulation and Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas State Key Laboratory Cultivation BaseNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqingHeilongjiang163318China Core Laboratories Reservoir Geology Group6316 Windfern RoadHoustonTX77040USA Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd DaqingHeilongjiang163712China

Organic matter(OM)hosted pores are crucial for the storage and migration of petroleum in shale *** maturity and macerals type are important factors controlling the development of pores *** this study,six lacustrine shale samples with different thermal maturities from the first member of the Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin,of which vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))ranging from 0.58% to 1.43%,were selected for a comparative *** electron microscopy(SEM)and reflected light microscopy were combined to investigate the development of organic pores in different macerals during thermal *** results show that alginite and liptodetrinite are the dominant primary macerals,followed by *** a few primary organic pores developed in the alginite at the lowest maturity(R_(o)=0.58%).As a result of petroleum generation,oil-prone macerals began to transform to initial-oil solid bitumen at the early oil window(R_(o)=0.73%)and shrinkage cracks were ***-oil solid bitumen cracked to oil,gas and post-oil bitumen by primary cracking(R_(o)=0.98%).Moreover,solid bitumen(SB)was found to be the dominant OM when R_(o)>0.98%,which indicates that SB is the product of oil-prone macerals *** secondary bubble pores were observed on SB,which formed by gas release,while devolatilization cracks developed on migrated ***,at the late oil window(Ro?1.16%),migrated SB filled the interparticle pore *** further increase in temperature,the liquid oil underwent secondary cracking into pyrobitumen and gas,and spongy pores developed on the pyrobitumen at higher levels of maturity(Ro=1.43%),which formed when pyrobitumen cracked into *** and inertinite are stable without any visible pores over the range of maturities,verifying their low petroleum generation *** addition,it was concluded that clay minerals could have a catalytic effect on the petroleum generation,which may explain why or

关键词： Lacustrine shale Maceral evolution Organic pores Scanning electron microscopy Reflected light microscopy

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