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A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang Joshua C.Lederman thomas ferreira de lima Jiawei Zhang Simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin J.Shastri Paul R.Prucnal department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEC Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

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Literature review and bibliometric analysis on data-driven assessment of landslide susceptibility

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1670-1698页

作者： Pedro lima Stefan STEGER thomas GLAde Franny G.MURILLO-GARCIA University of Vienna Institute of Geography and Regional ResearchUniversitatsstrafie 7lowViennaAustria Eurac Research Institute for Earth ObservationDrususallee l/Viale Druso 139100Bozen-BolzanoItaly Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Circuito ExteriorCiudad Universitaria04510CoyoacanMexico CityMexico

In recent decades, data-driven landslide susceptibility models(Dd LSM), which are based on statistical or machine learning approaches, have become popular to estimate the relative spatial probability of landslide occurrence. The available literature is composed of a wealth of published studies and that has identified a large variety of challenges and innovations in this field. This review presents a comprehensive up-to-date overview focusing on the topic of Dd LSM. This research begins with an introduction of the theoretical aspects of Dd LSM research and is followed by an in-depth bibliometric analysis of 2585 publications. This analysis is based on the Web of Science, Clarivate Analytics database and provides insights into the transient characteristics and research trends within published spatial landslide assessments. Following the bibliometric analysis, a more detailed review of the most recent publications from 1985 to 2020 is given. A variety of different criteria are explored in detail, including research design, study area extent,inventory characteristics, classification algorithms, predictors utilized, and validation technique performed. This section, dealing with a quantitativeoriented review expands the time-frame of the review publication done by Reichenbach et al. in 2018 by also accounting for the four years, 2017-2020. The originality of this research is acknowledged by combining together:(a) a recap of important theoretical aspects of Dd LSM;(b) a bibliometric analysis on the topic;(c) a quantitative-oriented review of relevant publications;and(d) a systematic summary of the findings, indicating important aspects and potential developments related to the Dd LSM research topic. The results show that Dd LSM are used within a wide range of applications with study area extents ranging from a few kilometers to national and even continental scales. In more than 70% of publications, a combination of the predictors, slope angle, aspect and geology are used.

关键词： Review Landslide susceptibility Statistical models Machine learning Bibliometrics

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National-scale data-driven rainfall induced landslide susceptibility mapping for China by accounting for incomplete landslide data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 262-276页

作者： Qigen Lin Pedro lima Stefan Steger thomas Glade Tong Jiang Jiahui Zhang Tianxue Liu Ying Wang Institute for Disaster Risk Management School of Geographical SciencesNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China department of Geography and Regional Research University of ViennaUniversitätsstraße 71010 ViennaAustria Institute for Earth Observation Eurac ResearchViale Druso 139100 Bolzano-BozenItaly Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education/Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

China is one of the countries where landslides caused the most fatalities in the last decades. The threat that landslide disasters pose to people might even be greater in the future, due to climate change and the increasing urbanization of mountainous areas. A reliable national-scale rainfall induced landslide susceptibility model is therefore of great relevance in order to identify regions more and less prone to landsliding as well as to develop suitable risk mitigating strategies. However, relying on imperfect landslide data is inevitable when modelling landslide susceptibility for such a large research area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of incomplete landslide data on national scale statistical landslide susceptibility modeling for China. In this context, it is aimed to explore the benefit of mixed effects modelling to counterbalance associated bias propagations. Six influencing factors including lithology, slope,soil moisture index, mean annual precipitation, land use and geological environment regions were selected based on an initial exploratory data analysis. Three sets of influencing variables were designed to represent different solutions to deal with spatially incomplete landslide information: Set 1(disregards the presence of incomplete landslide information), Set 2(excludes factors related to the incompleteness of landslide data), Set 3(accounts for factors related to the incompleteness via random effects). The variable sets were then introduced in a generalized additive model(GAM: Set 1 and Set 2) and a generalized additive mixed effect model(GAMM: Set 3) to establish three national-scale statistical landslide susceptibility models: models 1, 2 and 3. The models were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve(AUROC) given by spatially explicit and non-spatial cross-validation. The spatial prediction pattern produced by the models were also investigated. The results show that the landslide inve

关键词： Statistical modelling Landslide susceptibility Generalized additive model Mixed-effects model China

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Increased branching independent of strigolactone in cytokinin oxidase 2-overexpressing tomato is mediated by reduced auxin transport

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Molecular Horticulture 2022年第1期2卷 153-171页

作者： Lilian Ellen Pino Joni E.lima Mateus H.Vicente Ariadne F.L.de Sá Francisco Pérez-Alfocea Alfonso Albacete Juliana L.Costa TomášWerner thomas Schmülling Luciano Freschi Antonio Figueira Agustin Zsögön Lázaro E.P.Peres Laboratory of Plant Breeding Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil Laboratory of Hormonal Control of Plant development Department of Biological SciencesEscola Superior de Agricultura‘Luiz de Queiroz’University of Sao PauloPiracicabaBrazil Botany department ICBFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil department of Plant Nutrition CEBAS-CSICCampus Univ.EspinardoMurciaSpain Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biology University of GrazSchubertstraße 518010 GrazAustria Biosciences Institute University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil Plant Sciences department Federal University of ViçosaViçosaBrazil

Tomato production is influenced by shoot branching,which is controlled by different *** we produced tomato plants overexpressing the cytokinin-deactivating gene CYTOKININ OXYDASE 2(CKX2).CKX2-overexpressing(CKX2-OE)plants showed an excessive growth of axillary shoots,the opposite phenotype expected for plants with reduced cytokinin content,as evidenced by LC-MS analysis and ARR5-GUS *** TCP transcription factor SlBRC1b was downregulated in the axillary buds of CKX2-OE and its excessive branching was dependent on a functional version of the GRAS-family gene LATERAL SUPPRESSOR(LS).Grafting experiments indicated that increased branching in CKX2-OE plants is unlikely to be mediated by root-derived *** CKX2-OE plants with transgenic antisense plants for the strigolactone biosynthesis gene CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE(CCD7-AS)produced an additive phenotype,indicating independent effects of cytokinin and strigolactones on increased *** the other hand,CKX2-OE plants showed reduced polar auxin transport and their bud outgrowth was reduced when combined with auxin ***,CKX2-OE basal buds did not respond to auxin applied in the decapitated *** results suggest that tomato shoot branching depends on a fine-tuning of different hormonal balances and that perturbations in the auxin status could compensate for the reduced cytokinin levels in CKX2-OE plants.

关键词： CKX2 Hormones Plant development Solanum

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Effectiveness of different biochars in remediating a salt-affected Luvisol in Northeast Brazil

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Biochar 2021年第2期3卷 149-159页

作者： Wallace Melo dos Santos Maria Isidoria Silva Gonzaga JoséAiron da Silva AndréQuintão de Almeida JoséCarlos de Jesus Santos thomas Antonio Silva Gonzaga Idamar da Silva lima EloáMoura Araújo Water Resources Graduate Program Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSE 49100‑000Brazil Agronomy department Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSE 49100‑000Brazil Agriculture Engineering department Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSE 49100‑000Brazil University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN 46556USA Soils and Agricultural Engineering department Federal University of ParanáCuritibaPR 80060‑000Brazil

Biochar has been proposed as a soil amendment to reclaim salt-affected ***,the evaluation of the different biochar types in these soils is essential due to the significant variation among biochar *** this study,biochars from sugarcane bagasse(SB),orange bagasse(OB),and corncob(CB)were applied alone and in the presence of gypsum(G)to test their potential to remediate a highly degraded saline-sodic soil in Brazil´s Northeast *** that,we conducted a laboratory column-leaching experiment and a greenhouse *** the column-leaching test,we analyzed the sodium adsorption ratio(SAR),the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract(ECe),the concentrations of major ions,and the exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP).Maize plants were grown in the leached soil in a ***-and corncob-derived biochars were more efficient than gypsum in reducing the soil salinity,bringing the indicators below threshold values,and optimizing soil reclamation *** ECe,SAR,and ESP were reduced to 3.42 dS m−1,1.64(mmolc dm−3)0.5 and 4.86%,respectively,in the SB treatment;and to 3.19 dS m−1,0.88(mmolc dm−3)0.5 and 2.53%,respectively,in the CB *** bagasse biochar did not effectively reduce the salinity *** biochar treatments improved seed germination and plant *** SB,CB,SBG,and CBG treatments increased plant height(478–558%),shoot mass(783–983%),and root mass(386–500%),***,the application of SB and CB is an effective alternative to remediate saline-sodic soils and to reduce the impact of soil salinity in the environment.

关键词： Biochar Soil remediation Soil salinity Corn growth

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Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1 gene as a possible major player in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第47期24卷 5338-5350页

作者： Taíssa Araújo Andre Khayat Luciana Quintana Danielle Calcagno Ronald Mourao Antonio Modesto Juliana Paiva Adhara lima Fabiano Moreira Edivaldo Oliveira Michel Souza Moneeb Othman thomas Liehr Eliana Abdelhay Renata Gomes Sidney Santos Paulo Assumpcao Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia Universidade Federal do ParáBelém 66073-000Brazil Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética Instituto Evandro ChagasBelém 66087-082Brazil Institute of Human Genetics Universitatsklinikum JenaJena 07747Germany Laboratório de Célula Tronco Centro de Transplante de Medula OsseaInstituto Nacional de Cancer Jose Alencar Gomes da SilvaRio de Janeiro 20230-130Brazil

AIM To establish a permanent piwi like RNA-mediated genesilencing 1(PIWIL1) gene knockout in AGP01 gastric cancer cell line using CRISPR-Cas9 system and analyze phenotypic modifications as well as gene expression *** CRISPR-Cas9 system used was purchased from Dharmacon GE Life Sciences(Lafayette, CO, United States) and permanent knockout was performed according to manufacturer's recommendations. Woundhealing assay was performed to investigate the effect of PIWIL1 knockout on migration capability of cells and Boyden chamber invasion assay was performed to investigate the effect on invasion capability. For the gene expression analysis, a one-color microarray-based gene expression analysis kit(Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, United States) was used according to the protocol provided by the manufacturer. RESULTS PIWIL1 gene knockout caused a significant decrease in AGP01 migration capacity as well as a significant decrease in cell invasiveness. Moreover, functional analysis based on grouping of all differentially expressed m RNAs identified a total of 35 genes(5 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated) encoding proteins involved in cellular invasion and migration. According to current literature, 9 of these 35 genes(DOCK2, ZNF503, Pde4 D, ABL1, ABL2, LPAR1, SMAD2, WASF3 and DACH1) are possibly related to the mechanisms used by PIWIL1 to promote carcinogenic effects related to migration and invasion, since their functions are consistent with the changes observed(being up-or down-regulated after knockout). CONCLUSION Taken together, these data reinforce the idea that PIWIL1 plays a crucial role in the signaling pathway of gastric cancer, regulating several genes involved in migration and invasion processes; therefore, its use as a therapeutic target may generate promising results in the treatment of gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1 CRISPR-Cas9 Migration Invasion

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Shift current photovoltaic efficiency of 2D materials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1991-1999页

作者： Mikkel Ohm Sauer Alireza Taghizadeh Urko Petralanda Martin Ovesen Kristian Sommer Thygesen thomas Olsen Horia Cornean thomas Garm Pedersen department of Materials and Production Aalborg University9220 AalborgØstDenmark department of Mathematical Sciences Aalborg University9220 AalborgØstDenmark Center for Nanostructured Graphene(CNG) 9220 AalborgØstDenmark Computational Atomic-scale Materials design(CAMD) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark department of Physics University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Apartado 644Bilbao 48080Spain Center for Nanostructured Graphene(CNG) 2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Shift current photovoltaic devices are potential candidates for future cheap,sustainable,and efficient electricity *** the present work,we calculate the solar-generated shift current and efficiencies in 326 different 2D materials obtained from the computational database *** apply,as metrics,the efficiencies of monolayer and multilayer *** monolayer efficiencies are generally found to be low,while the multilayer efficiencies of infinite stacks show great ***,the out-of-plane shift current response is considered,and material candidates for efficient out-of-plane shift current devices are *** the screened materials,MXY Janus and MX_(2) transition metal dichalchogenides(TMDs)constitute a prominent subset,with chromium based MXY Janus TMDs holding particular ***,in order to explain the band gap dependence of the PV efficiency,a simple gapped graphene model with a variable band gap is established and related to the calculated efficiencies.

关键词： Shift database multilayer

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Key factors determining biochar sorption capacity for metal contaminants:a literature synthesis

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Biochar 2020年第2期2卷 151-163页

作者： Evert thomas Nils Borchard Christian Sarmiento Rachel Atkinson Brenton Ladd Bioversity International c/o CIP Avenida La Molina 1895La MolinaLima 12Peru Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Latokartanonkaari 900790 HelsinkiFinland Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales Universidad Científica del SurLima 33Peru

The sorption capacity and affinity of biochar for metals are both important attributes that determine biochar’s suitability as a soil amendment for contaminant mitigation,yet few analyses have considered both characteristics *** present a systematic review of literature published between 2010 and 2018 to test the hypothesis that sorption capacity and affinity are affected by biochar properties,attributes of the metal contaminant,and experimental conditions,in that *** used random forest(RF)and multi-objective optimization to analyze data of 559 individual Langmuir adsorption isotherms extracted from 133 studies covering the sorption capacity(C_(max))and affinity(K_(L))of biochar for 17 different metals,elabo-rated from six different feedstock classes,three different types of feedstock pretreatment,and five types of post-pyrolysis *** sorption values were obtained for Pb(II),Cr(IV),and Cd(II).The feedstock used was the key determinant influencing biochar’s capacity and affinity to sorb metal contaminants(first and fourth most important variable in RF mod-els for C_(max) and K_(L),respectively)with best results obtained for biochar elaborated from nutrient-dense feedstocks(animal biowaste,sludge,and manure).Biochars that had both high sorption capacity and affinity were the result of a longer dura-tion of pyrolysis;they had lower C and higher N and O content,as well as lower C/N and higher O/C and H/C ratios,higher pore volumes and higher *** some form of pretreatment was better than none,whereas chemical modification was the best of the post-treatment methods *** review demonstrates clearly that multiple parameters during the preparation process influence the effectiveness of biochar to immobilize metal *** research that focuses on mechanisms and the underlying factors for the correlations observed should allow the development of biochar formulations that are even more effective at immobilizing metal

关键词： Biochar Sorption affinity Maximum sorption capacity Metal Aluminum Arsenic Langmuir absorption coefficients

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Pathology and genetic connectedness of the mangrove crab (Aratus pisonii) – a foundation for understanding mangrove disease ecology

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Animal Diseases 2022年第2期2卷 73-88页

作者： Jamie Bojko Amy L.Burgess thomas W.Allain Erica P.Ross devon Pharo Jan F.Kreuze Donald C.Behringer National Horizons Centre Teesside UniversityDarlington DL11HGUK School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbrough TS13BXUK Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32653USA Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute MarathonFL 33050USA International Potato Centre(CIP) Apartado 1558LimaPeru

Mangrove forests are productive ecosystems,acting as a sink for CO_(2),a habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine species,and as a natural barrier to coastline *** species that reside within mangrove ecosystems have important roles to play,including litter decomposition and the recycling of *** are important detritivores in such ecosystems and understanding their limitations(***)is an important endeavour when considering the larger ecological services *** and metagenomics were used to identify viral(Nudiviridae,Alphaflexiviridae),bacterial(Paracoccus sp.,'Candidatus Gracilibacteria sp.’,and Pseudoalteromonas sp.),protozoan,fungal,and metazoan diversity that compose the symbiome of the mangrove crab,Aratus *** symbiotic groups were observed at varying prevalence under histology:nudivirus(6.5%),putative gut epithelial virus(3.2%),ciliated protozoa(35.5%),gonad fungus(3.2%),gill ectoparasitic metazoan(6.5%).Metagenomic analysis of one specimen exhibiting a nudivirus infection provided the complete host mitochondrial genome(15,642 bp),nudivirus genome(108,981 bp),and the genome of a Cassava common mosaic virus isolate(6387 bp).Our phylogenetic analyses group the novel nudivirus with the Gammanudivirus and protein similarity searches indicate that Carcinus maenas nudivrius is the most similar to the new *** mitochondrial genome were used to mine short fragments used in population genetic studies to gauge an idea of diversity in this host species across the USA,Caribbean,and central and southern *** study report several new symbionts based on their pathology,taxonomy,and genomics(where available)and discuss what effect they may have on the crab *** role of mangrove crabs from a OneHealth perspective were explored,since their pathobiome includes cassava-infecting ***,given that this species is abundant in mangrove forests and now boasts a well-described pathogen prof

关键词： Alphaflexiviridae Nudiviridae Mitochondria Pathology Histology Metagenomics

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Beyond the RPA and GW methods with adiabatic xc-kernels for accurate ground state and quasiparticle energies

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 202-224页

作者： thomas Olsen Christopher E.Patrick Jefferson E.Bates Adrienn Ruzsinszky Kristian S.Thygesen Computational Atomic-Scale Materials design(CAMD) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark department of Physics University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK A.R.Smith department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28607USA department of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Center for Nanostructured Graphene(CNG) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark

We review the theory and application of adiabatic exchange–correlation(xc)-kernels for ab initio calculations of ground state energies and quasiparticle excitations within the frameworks of the adiabatic connection fluctuation dissipation theorem and Hedin’s equations,*** different xc-kernels,which are all rooted in the homogeneous electron gas,are introduced but hereafter we focus on the specific class of renormalized adiabatic kernels,in particular the rALDA and *** kernels drastically improve the description of short-range correlations as compared to the random phase approximation(RPA),resulting in significantly better correlation *** effect greatly reduces the reliance on error cancellations,which is essential in RPA,and systematically improves covalent bond energies while preserving the good performance of the RPA for dispersive *** quasiparticle energies,the xc-kernels account for vertex corrections that are missing in the GW *** this context,we show that the short-range correlations mainly correct the absolute band positions while the band gap is less affected in agreement with the known good performance of GW for the *** renormalized xc-kernels offer a rigorous extension of the RPA and GW methods with clear improvements in terms of accuracy at little extra computational cost.

关键词： adiabatic kernels quasi

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