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A model f.r retention and continuity of.care and treatment f.r opioid dependent injection drug users in the Russian f.deration

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Health 2012年第8期4卷 457-463页

作者： Elena Dmitrieva Sergei A. f.olov thomas f. kresina William Slater Division of.Pharmacologic Therapies Center for Substance Abuse Treatment Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Rockville USA Health and Development f.undation Moscow Russia Health Team United States Agency for International Development Moscow Russia

Health and Development f.undation has worked collaboratively with the Government of.the Russian f.deration to develop and implement a model program of.retention and continuity of.care f.r opioid dependence and HIV inf.ction. The model utilizes the Narcology Detoxif.cation Service, State AIDS Centers, Non Government Organization (NGO) managed narcology treatment and rehabilitation centers, NGO outreach programs and the community. The model program was developed and implemented as a pilot demonstration project to provide essential health services to injection drug users and retain them in care. The interventions developed and implemented comprised HIV Testing and Counseling, HIV/AIDS Narcology Post-Graduate Curriculum, Peer Support Groups (Buf.er groups), Narcological f.llow-up Phone Monitoring, Women’s Narcological Services and Short Messaging Services f.r Injection Drug Users. These services and interventions promoted the integration and utilization of.HIV/AIDS health services and narcological services to f.rm an evidence-based health service delivery model providing essential services to people who inject drugs and people living with HIV/AIDS in the Russian f.deration.

关键词： Opioid Dependence Health Services Retention in Care Drug Treatment

Advancing Service Integration in Opioid Treatment Progams f.r the Care and Treatment of.Hepatitis C Inf.ction

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International Journal of.Clinical Medicine 2014年第3期5卷 118-125页

作者： thomas f. kresina Robert Lubran H. Westley Clark Elinore f. McCance-Katz Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Admin-istration Rockville USA

It is estimated that approximately 200 million people globally are inf.cted with the hepatitis C virus and that roughly half.of.these people live in Asia. Without treatment, it is estimated that roughly twenty percent of.those inf.cted with hepatitis C virus progress to chronic liver disease, then subsequently, end-stage liver disease. Thus, access to hepatitis C testing and subsequent care and treatment of.chronic hepatitis C inf.ction are essential to address the global burden of.disease. In the United States, the Center f.r Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 60% of.new cases of.hepatitis inf.ction are due to injection drug use. Opioid Treatment Programs (OTP’s) dispense methadone and buprenorphine under specif.c f.deral regulations to injection drug users diagnosed with opioid dependence. OTPs are developing comprehensive care and treatment model programs that integrate general medical and inf.ctious disease-related medical care with substance abuse and mental health services. Integrating hepatitis care services and treatment in the substance abuse treatment settings f.ster access to care f.r patients with hepatitis C inf.ction, many who otherwise would not receive needed care and treatment. This may serve as a national model f.r highly cost-ef.icient healthcare that has a measurable outcome of.improved public health with reduced hepatitis C prevalence.

关键词： Opioid Treatment Programs Hepatitis C Treatment Methadone Buprenorphine

Python Server Page Perf.rmance Analysis and Modeling

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Communications and Network 2024年第1期16卷 1-30页

作者： Razaf.ndraibe Marolahy Alix Randrianomenjanahary Lala f.rdinand Raf.mantanantsoa f.ntaine Mahatody thomas f. Angelo Raherinirina University of.f.anarantsoa Fianarantsoa Madagascar

Today, in the f.eld of.computer networks, new services have been developed on the Internet or intranets, including the mail server, database management, sounds, videos and the web server itself.Apache. The number of.solutions f.r this server is theref.re growing continuously, these services are becoming more and more complex and expensive, without being able to f.lf.ll the needs of.the users. The absence of.benchmarks f.r websites with dynamic content is the major obstacle to research in this area. These users place high demands on the speed of.access to inf.rmation on the Internet. This is why the perf.rmance of.the web server is critically important. Several f.ctors inf.uence perf.rmance, such as server execution speed, network saturation on the internet or intranet, increased response time, and throughputs. By measuring these f.ctors, we propose a perf.rmance evaluation strategy f.r servers that allows us to determine the actual perf.rmance of.dif.erent servers in terms of.user satisf.ction. f.rthermore, we identif.ed perf.rmance characteristics such as throughput, resource utilization, and response time of.a system through measurement and modeling by simulation. f.nally, we present a simple queue model of.an Apache web server, which reasonably represents the behavior of.a saturated web server using the Simulink model in Matlab (Matrix Laboratory) and also incorporates sporadic incoming traf.ic. We obtain server perf.rmance metrics such as average response time and throughput through simulations. Compared to other models, our model is conceptually straightf.rward. The model has been validated through measurements and simulations during the tests that we conducted.

关键词： Perf.rmance Analysis Queue Perf.rmance Model Web Server Internet World Wide Web Web Server Perf.rmance

Spatiotemporal characteristics of.cultivated land use eco-ef.iciency and its inf.uencing f.ctors in China f.om 2000 to 2020

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Journal of.Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 396-414页

作者： LI Shaoting MU Na REN Yanjun thomas GLAUBEN College of.Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Sino-German Center f.r Agricultural and f.od Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of.Agricultural Development in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle 06120Germany

Improving cultivated land use eco-ef.iciency(CLUE)can ef.ectively promote agricultural sustainability,particularly in developing countries where CLUE is generally *** study used provincial-level data f.om China to evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of.CLUE f.om 2000 to 2020 and identif.ed the inf.uencing f.ctors of.CLUE by using a panel Tobit *** addition,given the undesirable outputs of.agricultural production,we incorporated carbon emissions and nonpoint source pollution into the global benchmark-undesirable output-super ef.iciency-slacks-based measure(GB-US-SBM)model,which combines global benchmark technology,undesirable output,super ef.iciency,and slacks-based *** results indicated that there was an upward trend in CLUE in China f.om 2000 to 2020,with an increase rate of.2.62%.The temporal evolution of.CLUE in China could be classif.ed into three distinct stages:a period of.f.uctuating decrease(2000-2007),a phase of.gradual increase(2008-2014),and a period of.rapid growth(2015-2020).The major grain-producing areas(MPAs)had a lower CLUE than their counterparts,namely,non-major grain-production areas(non-MPAs).The spatial agglomeration ef.ect f.llowed a northeast-southwest strip distribution;and the movement path of.barycentre revealed a"P"shape,with Luoyang City,Henan Province,as the *** terms of.inf.uencing f.ctors of.CLUE,investment in science and technology played the most vital role in improving CLUE,while irrigation index had the most negative *** should be noted that these two inf.uencing f.ctors had dif.erent impacts on MPAs and ***,relevant departments should f.rmulate policies to enhance the level of.science and technology,improve irrigation condition,and promote sustainable utilization of.cultivated land.

关键词： cultivated land use eco-ef.iciency(CLUE) slacks-based measure(SBM)model barycentre model standard deviation ellipse(SDE) panel Tobit model carbon emissions nonpoint source pollution

EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith Al-Hasani Saf.ya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell Jun Okabe Ishant Khurana thomas Karagiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana thomas Loudovaris thomas Kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of.Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of.Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of.Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong Institute of.Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing Institute of.Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of.endocrine cell f.und in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of.the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of.these cells leads to a lif.long dependence on exogenous insulin administration f.r ***,there is an urgent need to identif. novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source f.r regeneratingβ-cells f.r T1D owing to their inherent dif.erentiation *** transcriptional suppression is ref.actory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of.exocrine cells,derived f.om juvenile and adult T1D donors to the f.Aapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)inf.uence a phenotypic shif. towards aβ-like cell *** transition f.om repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is f.ndamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of.small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of.ductal progenitor dif.erentiation and a promising new approach f.r the restoration of.-like cell f.nction.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2:inf.ction,vaccination,and hybrid immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 144-158页

作者： Dennis Lapuente thomas H.Winkler Matthias Tenbusch Institut f.r klinische und molekulare Virologie Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossgarten 491054 ErlangenGermany Department of.Biology Division of GeneticsNikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossplatz 191054 ErlangenGermany

The emergence of.severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in 2019 prompted scientif.c,medical,and biotech communities to investigate inf.ction-and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of.this pathogen.B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of.these investigations,as neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)are an important correlate of.protection(COP)f.om inf.ction and the primary target of.SARS-CoV-2 vaccine *** addition to absolute levels,nAb longevity,neutralization breadth,immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition,and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics f.r scientists and health policy *** recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell(MBC)and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of.inf.ction-and vaccine-induced *** also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platf.rms,such as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines,in unprecedented cohort *** with the technological advances of.recent years,this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of.B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected *** this review,we summarize the key f.ndings of.the last 2.5 years regarding inf.ction-and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity,which we believe are of.signif.cant value not only in the context of.SARS-CoV-2 but also f.r f.ture vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies memory responses vaccines IgG4

The impact of.demographic dynamics on f.od consumption and its environmental outcomes:Evidence f.om China

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Journal of.Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 414-429页

作者： Shaoting Li Xuan Chen Yanjun Ren thomas Glauben College of.Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of.Agricultural Development in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle(Saale)06120Germany Sino-German Center f.r Agricultural and f.od Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

With increasing population and changing demographics,f.od consumption has experienced a signif.cant transition in quantity and ***,a dearth of.knowledge remains regarding its environmental impacts and how it responds to demographic dynamics,particularly in emerging economies like *** the two-stage Quadratic Almost Demand System(QUAIDS)model,this study empirically examines the impact of.demographic dynamics on f.od consumption and its environmental outcomes based on the provincial data f.om 2000 to 2020 in *** various scenarios,according to changes in demographics,we extend our analysis to project the long-term trend of.f.od consumption and its environmental impacts,including greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,water f.otprint(Wf.,and land appropriation(LA).The results reveal that an increase in the proportion of.senior people signif.cantly decreases the consumption of.grain and livestock meat and increases the consumption of.poultry,egg,and aquatic products,particularly f.r urban ***,an increase in the proportion of.males in the population leads to higher consumption of.poultry and aquatic ***,in the current scenario of.an increased aging population and sex ratio,it is anticipated that GHG emissions,Wf.and LA are likely to decrease by 1.37,2.52,and 3.56%,*** importantly,in the scenario adhering to the standards of.nutritional intake according to the Dietary Guidelines f.r Chinese Residents in 2022,GHG emissions,Wf.and LA in urban areas would increase by 12.78,20.94,and 18.32%,*** f.ndings suggest that changing demographics should be considered when designing policies to mitigate the diet-environment-health trilemma and achieve sustainable f.od consumption.

关键词： demographic dynamics f.od consumption environmental impacts nutrition intakes

Modelling of.the elastoplastic behaviour of.the bio-cemented soils using an extended Modif.ed Cam Clay model

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Journal of.Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2184-2197页

作者： Xuerui Wang Christian B.Silbermann thomas Nagel Udo Nackenhorst Institute of.Mechanics and Computational Mechanics Leibniz UniversitätHannoverAppelstr.9aHannover30167Germany Gesellschaf. f.r Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmbH Theodor-Heuss-Straße 4Braunschweig38122Germany Geotechnical Institute Technische Universität BergakademieFreibergGustav-Zeuner-Str.1Freiberg09599Germany

An elastoplastic constitutive model based on the Modif.ed Cam Clay(MCC)model is developed to describe the mechanical behaviour of.soils cemented via microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).It considers the increase of.the elastic stif.ness,the change of.the yield surf.ce due to MICP cementation and the degradation of.calcium carbonate bonds during ***,to capture the typical contraction-dilation transition in MICP soils,the original volumetric hardening rule in the MCC model is modif.ed to a combined deviatoric and volumetric hardening *** model could reproduce a series of.drained triaxial tests on MICP-treated soils with dif.erent calcium carbonate ***,we carry out a parametric study and observe numerical instability in some *** combination with an analytical analysis,our numerical modelling has identif.ed the benef.ts and limitations of.using MCCbased models in the simulation of.MICP-cemented soils,leading to suggestions f.r f.rther model development.

关键词： Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Elastoplasticity Modif.ed cam clay(MCC) OpenGeoSys Mf.ont Contraction-dilation transition

A simulation study on spatial and time resolution f.r a cost-ef.ective positron emission particle tracking system

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 312-322页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Matthias Steinke Miriam f.itsch f.itz-Herbert Heinsius thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

This work is the second part of.a simulation study investigating the processing of.densely packed and moving granular assemblies by positron emission particle tracking (PEPT).Since medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners commonly used f.r PEPT are very expensive,a PET-like detector system based on cost-ef.ective organic plastic scintillator bars is being developed and tested f.r its *** this context,the spatial resolution of.a resting positron source,a source moving on a f.eely designed model path,and a particle motion given by a discrete element method (DEM) simulation is studied using Monte Carlo simulations and the sof.ware toolkit *** not only extended the simulation and reconstruction to a moving source but also signif.cantly improved the spatial resolution compared to previous work by adding oversampling and iteration to the reconstruction ***,in the case of.a source f.llowing a trajectory developed f.om DEM simulations,a very good resolution of.about 1 mm in all three directions and an average 3D deviation between simulated and reconstructed events of.2.3 mm could be ***,the resolution f.r realistic particle motion within the generic grate system (which is the test rig f.r f.rther experimental studies) is well below the smallest particle *** simulation of.the dependence of.the reconstruction accuracy on tracer particle location revealed a nearly constant ef.iciency within the entire detector system,which demonstrates that boundary ef.ects can be neglected.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Monte Carlo method Time-of.f.ight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPMs)