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High-Con cent rat ion electrosynthesis of Formic Acid/Formate from CO_(2):Reactor and electrode Design Strategies

energy & environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 141-157页

作者： Yizhu Kuang Hesamoddin Rabiee Lei Ge thomas e.rufford Zhiguo Yuan John Bell Hao Wang Centre for Future Materials University of Southern QueenslandSpringfieldQLD 4300Australia Australian Centre for Water and environmental Biotechnology(ACWeB formerly AWMC)The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Chemical engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),driven by renewable energy,provides a potential carbon-neutral avenue to convert CO_(2)into valuable fuels and *** of CO_(2)into formic acid/formate is considered one of the economical and feasible methods,owing to their high energy densities,and ease of distribution and *** separation of formic acid/formate from the reaction mixtures accounts for the majority of the overall CO_(2)RR process cost,while the increment of product concentration can lead to the reduction of separation cost,*** this paper,we give an overview of recent strategies for highly concentrated formic acid/formate products in CO_(2)***_(2)RR is a complex process with several different products,as it has different intermediates and reaction ***,this review focuses on recent study strategies that can enhance targeted formic acid/formate yield,such as the all-solid-state reactor design to deliver a high concentration of products during the reduction of CO_(2)in the ***,some novel electrolyzers are introduced as an engineering strategy to improve the concentration of the formic acid/formate and reduce the cost of downstream ***,the design of planar and gas diffusion electrodes(GDes)with the potential to deliver high-concentration formic acid/formate in CO_(2)RR is ***,the existing technological challenges are highlighted,and further research recommendations to achieve high-concentration products in CO_(2)*** review can provide some inspiration for future research to further improve the product concentration and economic benefits of CO_(2)RR.

关键词： electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction electrode design formic acid/formate high-concentration reactor design

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NOx和SOx对电催化还原高炉尾气CO2性能的影响

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河北冶金 2020年第12期 35-39页

作者：徐泽霖张怀东吴宇明李梦然 Sahil Garg thomas e.rufford 李立业 Victor Rudolph 王国雄 School of Chemical engineering the University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia 河钢集团邯钢公司河北邯郸O56O15 河钢集团钢研总院河北石家庄050023

如何低成本地降低炼铁过程中的CO2排放是钢铁企业亟待解决的重要课题。电催化还原CO2技术可将CO2转化成可利用的燃料或产品,有望实现低成本降低CO2排放。通过采用含一定浓度的KNO2、KNO3和K2SO3的KHCO3电解液,模拟生产烟气中较高NOx和SO... 详细信息

如何低成本地降低炼铁过程中的CO2排放是钢铁企业亟待解决的重要课题。电催化还原CO2技术可将CO2转化成可利用的燃料或产品,有望实现低成本降低CO2排放。通过采用含一定浓度的KNO2、KNO3和K2SO3的KHCO3电解液,模拟生产烟气中较高NOx和SOx浓度下在电解液中溶解反应生成的产物,研究了其对法拉第效率FeCO和FeH2随电催化时间变化的影响。结果表明,KNO2、KNO3和K2SO3都会对电催化还原CO2性能造成不利影响,且相较SOx,虽NOx溶解产物对电催化还原CO2效率的降低影响更大,但可以提高电催化稳定性。下一步应重点研究气相NOx和SOx对催化剂的影响,以及通过催化剂和电极开发来提高反应器对烟气的耐受性。

关键词：流式电解槽电催化还原 NOx SOx 法拉第效率

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A phase inversion polymer coating to prevent swelling and spalling of clay fines in coal seam gas wells

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第2期5卷 179-190页

作者： Lei Ge Christopher Hamilton Rahmah Tasha Febrina Victor Rudolph thomas e. rufford School of Chemical engineering The University of Queensland Saint Lucia QLD 4072 Australia Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland Springfield Central QLD 4300 Australia

We report a phase inversion polymer coating as a novel concept with potential to prevent clay swelling and fines generation in coal seam gas, or other petroleum, wellbores. Our approach uses polyethersulfone （PeS） with N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone （NMP） as a water-soluble solvent to form a dense, low-porosity film across the clay-rich interburden layers, but a porous and permeable membrane on coal seams. This contrasting behaviour occurs because the coal contains much more free water than the clay-rich interburden layers. We demonstrate the efficacy of the method to prevent clay spalling in immersion tests and under a flow of fresh water in a visual swell test apparatus. The clay-rich rocks studied were mudstone and siltstone, and these were dip coated in the PeS/NMP solution. The uncoated mudstone swelled and broke apart quickly in the immersion test and visual flow test, but the PeS coated rock samples were stable for 30 days. The coated rock and coal samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The morphology of coated mudstone and coated coal samples showed that the polymer formed a dense layer across the low-permeability mudstone, but an open porous structure on the coal surface. The effect of the coating on the permeability of KCl brine through coal was measured in a core-flood apparatus. Although the permeability of the coal showed some deterioration after coating, from （0.58 ± 0.12） mD to （0.3 ±0.03） mD, these results demonstrate the potential of a smart polymer coating to prevent clay swelling while remaining permeable to gas and water on coal layers.

关键词： Coal bed methane Formation damage Smectite Wellbore stability

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPeRSURFACeS IN LIe SPHeRe GeOMeTRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： thomas e.CeCIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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evolution of gustatory reflex systems in the brainstems of fishes

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第1期4卷 53-63页

作者： thomas e.FINGeR Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Colorado DenverAuroraUSA

The great number of species of teleosts permits highly specialized forms to evolve to occupy particular *** diversity allows for extreme variations in brain structure according to particular sensory or motor *** the case of the taste system,goldfish(Carassius auratus L.,1758)and some carps have evolved a specialized in-traoral food-sorting apparatus along with corresponding specializations of gustatory centers in the brainstem.A comparison of circuitry within the complex vagal lobe of goldfish,and of the simpler gustatory lobes in catfish(Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque,1818)shows numerous similarities in organization and *** labeling studies using horseradish peroxidase and biotinylated dextran amine in catfish shows a direct projection from the vagal lobe to the motoneurons of nucleus ambiguus which innervate oropharyngeal ***,a three neuron reflex arc connects gustatory input to motor *** the vagal lobe of goldfish,a similar three neuron arc can be identified:from primary gustatory afferent,to vagal lobe interneuron,thence to dendrites of the vagal motoneurons that innervate the pharyngeal ***,despite large differences in the gross appearance of the vagal gustatory systems in the brains of catfish and goldfish,the essential connectivity and circuitry is *** suggests that evolutionary change in the central nervous system largely proceeds by rearrangement and elaboration of existing systems,rather than by addition of new structures or circuits.

关键词： evolution medulla nucleus of the solitary tract taste vagus nerve.

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exotic and excited-state meson spectroscopy and radiative transitions from lattice QCD

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1512-1515页

作者： Christopher e.thomas Jefferson Laboratory

We discuss recent progress in extracting the excited meson spectrum and radiative transition form factors from lattice *** mention results in the charmonium sector,including the first lattice QCD calculation of radiative transition rates involving excited charmonium states,highlighting results for high spin and exotic *** present recent results on a highly excited isovector meson spectrum from dynamical anisotropic *** carefully constructed operators we show how the continuum spin of extracted states can be reliably identified and confidently extract excited states,states with exotic quantum numbers and states of high *** spectrum includes the first spin-four state extracted from lattice *** conclude with some comments on future prospects.

关键词： lattice QCD exotics mesons spectroscopy

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A chemical steering wheel for micromotors

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National Science Review 2021年第11期8卷 83-84页

作者： thomas e.Mallouk Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania

Molecular and colloidal ’motors’ have attracted much attention over the past two decades as synthetic analogues of motor proteins and microorganisms such as *** schemes have been developed for powering these objects with light,ultrasound,electric and magnetic fields,and thermal gradients,chemically propelled swimmers most closely resemble their biological counterparts by converting chemical energy to mechanical energy [1].The chemical gradients generated by one swimmer can be felt by its neighbors,and this gives rise to biomimetic collective behavior such as swarming and predator-prey interactions [2].

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Aulacaspis yasumatsui infestations accelerate Cycas leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 681-684页

作者： thomas e.MARLeR Bagong Kaalaman Botanikal Institute 15 Rizal StreetBarangay MalabañasAngeles City 2009(Philippines)

Dear editor,Numerous aspects of ecosystem ecology are influenced by insects(Prasad,2022).Herbivory of plant organs by insects may influence the biogeochemistry of forests by changing the speed of litter decomposition(Schowalter,2022).Cycas micronesica *** is the only native gymnosperm in the Mariana *** once-abundant tree experienced no known lethal threats prior to the 2003 invasion of Guam by the scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi(Marler,2012).This insular case study has been the subject of abundant research(Marler et al.,2021).Changes to leaf litter chemistry improved litter quality following *** infestations(Marler and Dongol,2016),but the prediction of increased decomposition speed has not been confirmed with experimental incubations.

关键词： litter fir release

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Heightened condition dependent expression of structural coloration in the faces,but not wings,of male and female flies

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 600-607页

作者： thomas e White Amy Locke Tanya Latty School of Life and environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydney 2106Australia

Structurally colored sexual signals are a conspicuous and widespread class of ornament used in mate choice,though the extent to which they encode information on the quality of their bearers is not fully *** predicts that signaling traits under strong sexual selection as honest indicators should evolve to be more developmentally integrated and exaggerated than nonsexual traits,thereby leading to heightened condition ***,we test this prediction through examination of the sexually dimorphic faces and wings of the cursorial fly Lispe *** and females possess structural UV-white and golden faces,respectively,and males present their faces and wings to females during close-range,ground-based courtship displays,thereby creating the opportunity for mutual *** a field-collected sample of individuals,we found that the appearance of the faces of both sexes scaled positively with individual condition,though along separate *** in better condition expressed brighter faces as modeled according to conspecific flies,whereas condition scaled with facial saturation in *** found no such relationships for their wing interference pattern nor abdomens,with the latter included as a nonsexual *** results suggest that the structurally colored faces,but not the iridescent wings,of male and female *** are reliable guides to individual quality and support the broader potential for structural colors as honest *** also highlight the potential for mutual mate choice in this system,while arguing for 1 of several alternate signaling roles for wing interferences patterns among the myriad taxa which bear them.

关键词： honest signal iridescent mate choice sexual selection wing interference pattern

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The impact of macroalgae on mean and turbulent flow fields

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第3期27卷 427-435页

作者： thomas Robert e. MCLeLLAND Stuart J. Department of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences University of Hull

In this paper, we attempt to quantify the mean and turbulent flow fields around live macroalgae within a tidal inlet in Norway. Two Laminaria digitata specimens - 0.50 m apart were selected for detailed study and a profiling ADV was used to collect 45 velocity profiles, each composed of up to seven 0.035 m-high profiles collected for 240 s at 100 Hz, at a streamwise spacing of 0.25 m and cross-stream spacing of 0.20 m. To quantify the impact of the macroalgae, measurements were repeated over a sparser grid after the region had been completely cleared of algae and major roughness elements.

关键词： dealiasing laminaria digitata turbulence vectrino profiler velocity profile

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