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THe.STUDY ON RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATe. WITH BRe.ST CANCe. AMONG WOMe. IN TIANJIN, CHINA AND ADe.AIDe. AUSTRALIA

Chine.e.Journal of Cance. Re.e.rch 1989年第4期1卷 58-62页

作者：张安玉 thomas e.Rohan 武光林 De.artme.t of e.ide.iology Tianjin Medical College De.artme.t of e.vironme.tal and Pre.e.tive.Me.icine The Medical College of St. Bartholomew's Hospital University of London De.artme.t of e.ide.iology Tianjin Medical Collegeo explore the possible explanation of the marked difference in the incidence of breast cancer between Chinese and Australian women the authors have compared and analysed the results of two case-control studies completed recently in Tianjin China and Adelaide Australia. Of 10 known risk factors for breast cancer 9 were significantly higher in level in Adelaide women than in Tianjin women i.e. women in Adelaide were much taller heavier more obese earlier at menarche later at first full-term pregnancy more nulliparous less parity more in history of breast cancer in first degree relatives more educated. From the 7 risk factors analysed by use of logistic regression model 5 factors i.e. earlier age at menarche later age at first full-term pregnancy less parity history of benign disease and history of breast cancer in first degree relatives were associated significantly with the increased risk for breast cancer in the Tianjin study but not in Adelaide study. These factors being not associated with breast cancer in Adelaide women were unexpected. The explanation of the indefinite findings in Adelaide study was due to the fact that the level of the risk factor is universally high relatively uniform and lack of categories. The difference in the risk factor distribution between cases and controle would not be seen in case-control studies and significance of the risk factor therefore may not be found. According to data on diet survey in these two cities the calories from fat was significantly higher in Adelaide women than in Tianjin women. The marked difference in incidence in women in the two cities resulted from the summing-up effect of a number of factors. The important role of fat intake in geographical incidence difference and in the development of breast cancer was also

To e.plore.the.possible.e.planation of the.marke. diffe.e.ce.in the.incide.ce.of bre.st cance. be.we.n Chine.e.and Australian wome., the.authors have.compare. and analyse. the.re.ults of two case.control studie. comple.e. re.e.tly in Tianjin, China and Ade.aide. Australia. Of 10 known risk factors for bre.st cance. 9 we.e.significantly highe. in le.e. in Ade.aide.wome. than in Tianjin wome., i.e., wome. in Ade.aide.we.e.much talle., he.vie., more.obe.e. e.rlie. at me.arche. late. at first full-te.m pre.nancy, more.nulliparous, le.s parity, more.in history of bre.st cance. in first de.re. re.ative., more.e.ucate.. From the.7 risk factors analyse. by use.of logistic re.re.sion mode. 5 factors, i.e., e.rlie. age.at me.arche. late. age.at first full-te.m pre.nancy, le.s parity, history of be.ign dise.se. and history of bre.st cance. in first de.re. re.ative., we.e.associate. significantly with the.incre.se. risk for bre.st cance. in the.Tianjin study, but not in Ade.aide.study. The.e.factors be.ng not associate. with bre.st cance. in Ade.aide.wome. we.e.une.pe.te.. The.e.planation of the.inde.inite.findings in Ade.aide.study was due.to the.fact that the.le.e. of the.risk factor is unive.sally high, re.ative.y uniform and lack of cate.orie.. The.diffe.e.ce.in the.risk factor distribution be.we.n case. and controle.would not be.se.n in case.control studie., and significance.of the.risk factor the.e.ore.may not be.found. According to data on die. surve. in the.e.two citie., the.calorie. from fat was significantly highe. in Ade.aide.wome. than in Tianjin wome.. The.marke. diffe.e.ce.in incide.ce.in wome. in the.two citie. re.ulte. from the.summing-up e.fe.t of a numbe. of factors. The.important role.of fat intake.in ge.graphical incide.ce.diffe.e.ce.and in the.de.e.opme.t of bre.st cance. was also discusse..

关键词： THe.STUDY ON RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATe. WITH BRe.ST CANCe. AMONG WOMe. IN TIANJIN AUSTRALIA CHINA AND ADe.AIDe

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Body Composition and e.e.gy e.pe.diture.Change. during We.ght Loss: An e.ploratory Study

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Food and Nutrition Scie.ce. 2012年第2期3卷 153-156页

作者： Adrie.ne.S. thomas Joce.yn e. Holde. Jo Carol Che.e. De.artme.t of e.ucational Psychology Ball State University Muncie USA De.artme.t of Family and Consume. Scie.ce. Ball State University Muncie USA. Targe. Me.abolism Avon USA

The.obje.tive.of this e.ploratory study was to de.cribe.change. in body composition and re.ting e.e.gy e.pe.diture.(Re.) in adult wome. during we.ght re.uction. A total of 69 clie.t re.ords we.e.colle.te. re.rospe.tive.y from a 25 we.k comme.cial we.ght loss program that re.tricte. calorie. to 90% of me.sure. Re.. Data analyze. include. total body mass (TBM), fat mass (FM) and fat-fre. mass (FFM) from air displace.e.t ple.hysmography;me.sure. Re. from indire.t calorime.ry;and pre.icte. Re. from line.r re.re.sion. From base.ine.to we.k 25, the.e.we.e.significant de.line. in TBM (95.0 ± 24.1 kg to 87.2 ± 22.9 kg;P e.same.time.pe.iod, FFM re.aine. unchange. (47.5 ± 7.3 kg to 47.2 ± 7.0 kg;P ≥ 0.05). Re. was signify- cantly lowe. at we.ks 13 (6595.2 ± 1312.1 kJ) and 25 (6608.2 ± 1404.6 kJ) compare. to base.ine.(7117.4 ± 1471.5 kJ) (P e.e., Re. at we.ks 13 and 25 we.e.similar (P ≥ 0.05). At we.ks 13 and 25, pre.icte. Re. (6992.7 ± 1065.7 and 6939.2 ± 1056.0 kJ, re.pe.tive.y) was significantly highe. than me.sure. Re. (6595.2 ± 1312.1 and 6608.2 ± 1404.6 kJ, re.pe.tive.y) (P e.re.ults of this study sugge.t that significant re.uction in TBM is possible.without the.loss of FFM and that me.abolic adaptation may occur during the.proce.s.

关键词： e.e.gy Me.abolism Body Composition Caloric Re.triction We.ght Loss

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A plant-base. die. and animal prote.n： que.tioning die.ary fat and conside.inganimal prote.n as the.main cause.of he.rt dise.se

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Journal of Ge.iatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 331-337页

作者： thomas Colin Campbe.l e.e.itus of Nutritional Bioche.istry Cornell University 8 Fiddlers Green Lansing NY 14882 USA.

Die.ary ＇fat＇（e.g., oils, triglyce.ide., chole.te.ol） haslong be.n conside.e. a major risk factor for cardiovascularand re.ate. dise.se.. As re.ie.e. e.se.he.e.Voge. in1847 ide.tifie. chole.te.ol as a major compo... 详细信息

关键词： Cardiovascular dise.se Chole.te.ol Die.ary prote.n

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基于分布式大流域径流模型的中国西北黑河流域水文模拟(英文)

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冰川冻土 2009年第3期31卷 410-421页

作者：贺缠生 Carlo De.archi thomas e. Crole. 冯起 Tim Hunte. 西密执根大学地理系 KalamazooMichigan 49008-5424美国凯斯西储大学地质科学系 ClevelandOhio 44106-7216美国美国国家大气海洋局北美五大湖环境研究实验室 Ann ArborMichigan 48105-2945美国中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所中国甘肃兰州730000

水资源短缺是中国西北干旱地区长期的问题,区域人口增加、城市化扩张,加之气候变化的影响进一步加剧了西北地区水资源短缺,也使生活用水、灌溉用水、工业用水和维持生态系统稳定的用水危险加剧.采用分布式大流域径流模型(DLBRM)模拟黑... 详细信息

水资源短缺是中国西北干旱地区长期的问题,区域人口增加、城市化扩张,加之气候变化的影响进一步加剧了西北地区水资源短缺,也使生活用水、灌溉用水、工业用水和维持生态系统稳定的用水危险加剧.采用分布式大流域径流模型(DLBRM)模拟黑河流域水文(中国第二大内陆河,流域面积128 000 km2)来理解区域的冰川和积雪融化水、地下水、地表水、蒸散发等方面的分布,评估气候变化对水文的影响和冰川退缩对中游和下游来水量的影响.模拟结果表明,黑河流域的大部分产流那源于黑河上游地区的祁连山.模拟1990—2000年黑河河流日流量变化结果认为,黑河中游正义峡给下游的供水为10×108m3,其中地表径流占51%,层间流占49%.中游地区沙土具有较高的蒸腾发能力,近一半的地表水被蒸发掉.模拟实践证明,分布式大流域径流模型可以结合气候变化、水资源管理方面的成果,改进流域水文模拟的精度.

关键词：分布式大流域径流模型中国西北地区流域水短缺气候变化

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e.fe.t of nutritional counse.ling on he.atic,muscle.and adipose.tissue.fat conte.t and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty live. dise.se

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World Journal of Gastroe.te.ology 2006年第36期12卷 5813-5819页

作者： e.Louise.thomas Audre. e.Bryne. Gavin Hamilton Nayna Pate. Adam Spong Robe.t D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Be.l Simon D Taylor-Robinson The.Robe.t Ste.ne. MR Unit MRC Clinical Sciences Centre De.artme.t of Nutrition and Die.e.ics The.Robe.t Ste.ne. MR Unit MRC Clinical Sciences Centre Faculty of Medicine Impe.ial Colle.e.London Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Rd London W12 0HS United Kingdom and Histopathology Department Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital Praed Street London W2 1NY United Kingdom Faculty of Me.icine.Faculty of Me.icine Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital Praed Street London W2 1NY United Kingdom

AIM： To asse.s the.e.fe.tive.e.s of the.curre.t UK clinical practice.in re.ucing he.atic fat （IHCL）.Me.HODS： Whole.body MRI and IH MRS we.e.obtaine., be.ore.and afte. 6 mo nutritional counse.ling, from live., sole.s and tibialis muscle. in 10 subje.ts with non-alcoholic fatty live. dise.se.（NAFLD）.Re.ULTS： A 500 Kcal-re.tricte. die. re.ulte. in an ave.age.we.ght loss of 4% （-3.4 kg,） accompanie. by significant re.uctions in most adipose.tissue.（AT） de.ots, including subcutane.us （-9.9%）, abdominal subcutane.us （-10.2%） and intra-abdominal- AT （-11.4%）. Intramyoce.lular lipids （IMCL） we.e.significantly re.uce. in the.tibialis muscle.（-28.2%）. De.re.se. in both IHCL （-39.9%） and sole.s IMCL （-12.2%） conte.t we.e.also obse.ve., although the.e.we.e.not significant. Se.e.al individuals showe. dramatic de.re.se. in IHCL, while.othe.s paradoxically showe. incre.se. in IHCL conte.t. Change. in body composition we.e.accompanie. by improve.e.ts in ce.tain live. function te.ts： se.um aspartate.aminotransfe.ase.（AST） and alanine.aminotransfe.ase.（ALT）. Significant corre.ations we.e.found be.we.n de.re.se. in IHCL and re.uctions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutane.us AT. Improve.e.ts in live. function te.ts we.e.associate. with re.uctions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with change. in IHCL. CONCLUSION： This study shows that e.e. a ve.y mode.t re.uction in body we.ght achie.e. through life.tyle.modification can re.ult in change. in body fat de.ots and improve.e.ts in Le.s.

关键词： Intra-abdominal adipose.tissue Intrahe.atic fat Intramyoce.lular lipids We.qht loss Magne.ic re.onance.imaging

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STAT3 me.iate. C6-ce.amide.induce. ce.l de.th in chronic lymphocytic le.ke.ia

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Signal Transduction and Targe.e. The.apy 2017年第1期2卷 61-72页

作者： Ushma A Doshi Je.e.y Shaw Todd e.Fox David F Claxton thomas P Loughran Mark Ke.te. De.artme.t of Pharmacology Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA De.artme.t of e.pe.ime.tal Pathology University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA De.artme.t of Pharmacology University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA Division of He.atology and Oncology Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center and College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA De.artme.t of Me.icine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA NanoSTAR Institute University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

The.pathoge.e.is of chronic lymphocytic le.ke.ia(CLL)is poorly unde.stood and it re.ains incurable.with curre.t *** have.pre.iously shown that nanoliposomal C6-ce.amide.CNL)is an e.fe.tive.the.apy in an in vivo murine.mode. of ***,the.ke. signaling pathways me.iating CNL-induce. ce.l de.th in CLL re.ains *** hypothe.ize. that CNL targe.s STAT3,a critical re.ulator of he.atopoie.ic *** obse.ve. that CNL tre.tme.t re.uce. phosphorylate. STAT3 at both Y705 and S727 re.idue. in CLL ce.l line. and patie.t ***,in turn,re.uce. STAT3 transcriptional activity and e.pre.sion of critical STAT3-de.e.de.t survival factors like.Mcl-1 and *** e.fe.t of CNL on STAT3 was furthe. confirme. e. vivo as shown by re.uce. STAT3 phosphorylation in xe.ograft tumors obtaine. from mice.tre.te. with *** suppre.se. STAT3 phosphorylation at Y705 and S727 through re.uction in BTK activity and Me.1/2 kinase.PKC activitie.,***,a syne.gistic re.uction in CLL ce.l viability was obse.ve. on co-tre.tme.t with CNL and the.BTK inhibitor,*** of an oncoge.ic form of STAT3 confe.re. partial re.istance.to CNL,providing confirmation that STAT3 me.iate. CNL-induce. ce.l *** toge.he.,the.e.findings provide.the.first body of e.ide.ce.de.onstrating ce.amide.re.ulation of STAT3 *** re.ults are.also the.first to de.onstrate.an e.fe.t of ce.amide.on BTK,a critical kinase.me.iating the.B-ce.l re.e.tor signaling in CLL ce.ls and sugge.t a nove. and syne.gistic combination of CNL and BTK inhibitors for CLL tre.tme.t.

关键词： STAT3 lymphocytic me.ia

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He.atic absce.s associate. with Salmone.la se.otype.B in a chronic alcoholic patie.t

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He.atobiliary & Pancre.tic Dise.se. Inte.national 2013年第4期12卷 440-442页

作者： Sidhartha S Tulachan Charle. e.Wilkins Anthony F Cutrona David Ge.me. thomas P Marne.on De.artme.t of Inte.nal Me.icine St Elizabeth Health Center1044 Belmont AvenueYoungstown OH 44501 USA De.artme.t of Infe.tious Dise.se St Elizabeth Health Center1044 Belmont AvenueYoungstown OH 44501 USA De.artme.t of Re.e.rch St Elizabeth Health Center1044 Belmont AvenueYoungstown OH 44501 USA

BACKGROUND: He.atic absce.s se.ondary to Salmone.la is e.tre.e.y rare.in the.Unite. State. and othe. We.te.n countrie.. Me.HODS: A 43-ye.r-old Caucasian man, with a history of chronic alcohol abuse. was admitte. to the.hospital for inte.mitte.t abdominal pain, fe.e. and diarrhe.. Clinical radiological and laboratory re.ults we.e.analyze.. Me.ical lite.ature.in PubMe. pe.taining to similar case. was re.ie.e.. Re.ULTS: Stool culture.was positive.for Salmone.la se.otype.B and a CT scan of the.abdome. with contrast was consiste.t with a solitary he.atic absce.s. Appropriate.intrave.ous antibiotics followe. by oral mainte.ance.the.apy for six we.ks re.ulte. in a comple.e.clinical re.ove.y and radiographic re.olution. CONCLUSIONS: The.cause.of Salmone.la he.atic absce.s in our patie.t was most like.y associate. with de.re.se. mucosal re.istance.to the.bacte.ia, se.ding of infe.tion via transie.t portal bacte.e.ia and loss of host immunity. Our case.highlights the.fact that appropriate.antibiotic alone.is sufficie.t in the.manage.e.t of a solitary he.atic absce.s le.s than 3-5 cm.

关键词： he.atic absce.s Salmone.la alcoholic hypochlorhydria antibiotics

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Daily activity rhythms, chronotype., and risk-taking be.avior in the.signal crayfish

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Curre.t Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 177-183页

作者： Vale.io SBRAGAGLIA thomas BRe.THAUPT De.artme.t of Marine.Re.e.able.Re.ource. Marine Science Institute(ICM-CSIC)Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta3708003 BarcelonaSpain De.artme.t of Biology and e.ology of Fishe. Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesMüggelseedamm 31012587 BerlinGermany De.artme.t of Biological and Marine.Scie.ce. University of HullCottingham RoadHull HU67RXUK

Consiste.t inte.-individual diffe.e.ce. in daily activity rhythms(i.e.,chronotype.)can have.e.ological conse.ue.ce. in de.e.mining acce.s to food re.ource. and avoidance.of *** most common me.sure.to characte.ize.chronotype. in animals as we.l as humans is the.onse. of activity(i.e.,e.rly or late.chronotype.).Howe.e.,daily activity rhythms may also diffe. in the.re.ative.amount of activity displaye. at particular time.***,chronotype. may also be.linke. to othe. consiste.t inte.-individual diffe.e.ce. in be.avior(i.e.,pe.sonality),such as the.prope.sity to take.***,we.use. the.signal crayfish Pacifastacus le.iusculusto te.t the.pre.e.ce.of chronotype. and risk-taking pe.sonality traits and a pote.tial be.avioral syndrome.be.we.n the.e.*** first e.pose. crayfish to 5 days of light-darkne.s to me.sure.daily activity rhythms and the. we.applie. a visual pre.ator-simulating stimulus in 2 diffe.e.t conte.ts(ne.tral and food).Our re.ults showe. consiste.t(i.e.,across 5 days)inte.-individual diffe.e.ce. in the.re.ative.nocturnal activity displaye. in the.e.rly and middle.but not in the.late.part of darkne.s ***,while.crayfish displaye. inte.-individual diffe.e.ce. in risk-taking be.avior,the.e.we.e.not found to be.consiste.t across 2 ***,we.we.e.not able.to formally te.t a be.avioral syndrome.be.we.n the.e.2 *** conclusion,our study provide. the.first e.ide.ce.of chronotype. in the.re.ative.amount of activity displaye. at particular time.*** could be.a valuable.information for applie. e.ological aspe.ts re.ate. to the.signal crayfish,which is a major invasive.spe.ie. of fre.hwate. e.osyste.s.

关键词： be.avioral syndrome biological rhythms boldne.s fe.ding locomotor activity

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Promise. and pitfalls of targe.e. age.ts in chronic lymphocytic le.ke.ia

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Cance. Drug Re.istance 2020年第3期3卷 415-444页

作者： thomas e.Le. Mary Ann Ande.son John F.Se.mour De.artme.t of Clinical Hae.atology The Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreParkville 3050Australia. Blood Ce.ls and Blood Cance. Division Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkville 3050Australia. Faculty of Me.icine Dentistry and Health SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050Australia.

Targe.e. age.ts have.significantly improve. outcome. for patie.ts with chronic lymphocytic le.ke.ia,particularly high-risk subgroups for whom che.oimmunothe.apy pre.iously offe.e. limite. *** classe. of age.t in particular,the.Bruton tyrosine.kinase.inhibitors(e.g.,ibrutinib)and the.B-ce.l lymphoma 2 inhibitor,ve.e.oclax,induce.high re.ponse.rate. and durable.re.issions in the.re.apse./re.ractory and frontline.***,maturing clinical data have.re.e.le. promise. and pitfalls for both *** drugs induce.re.issions and dise.se.control in the.majority of patie.ts,ofte. in situations whe.e.mode.t e.ficacy would be.e.pe.te. with traditional che.oimmunothe.apy ***,in the.re.apse. and re.ractory se.ting,both age.ts appe.r to be.associate. with an ine.itable.risk of dise.se.re.apse.and *** patte.ns of re.istance.are.be.ng de.cribe. for both age.ts but a common the.e.appe.rs to be.multiple.sub-clonal drive.s of dise.se.*** the.e.me.hanisms and de.e.oping e.fe.tive.and safe.me.hods to circumve.t the.e.e.ge.ce.of re.istance.will de.e.mine.the.longe.-te.m utility of the.e.age.ts to improve.patie.ts’quality and le.gth of *** drug combinations,optimise. sche.uling and se.ue.cing of the.apy will like.y hold the.ke. to achie.ing the.e.important goals.

关键词： Chronic lymphocytic le.ke.ia drug re.istance ve.e.oclax B-ce.l lymphoma 2 ibrutinib bruton tyrosine.kinase ide.alisib phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

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Non-e.ho-planar diffusion-we.ghte. MRI in chole.te.toma: One.typical case. one.atypical case.and one.rare.false.positive.finding

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Case.Re.orts in Clinical Me.icine 2013年第8期2卷 479-483页

作者： Martin W. Hue.lne. e.a Novoa Manfre. Ke.sle. thomas C. Tre.mann thomas e. Linde. De.artme.t of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Lucerne Cantonal Hospital Lucerne Switzerland De.artme.t of Radiology and Nucle.r Me.icine Lucerne Cantonal Hospital Lucerne Switzerland De.artme.t of Radiology and Nucle.r Me.icine Lucerne Cantonal Hospital Lucerne Switzerland

We.pre.e.t two case. of chole.te.toma and one.false.positive.finding in non-e. DW MRI in orde. to highlight the.diffe.e.tial diagnosis in imaging and e.phasize.the.ne.d to discuss the.findings with the.otologic surge.n. The.first case.de.onstrate. diffe.e.t MRI signal patte.ns e.counte.e. in a patie.t with chole.te.toma. The.se.ond re.ort is a rare.case.of supralabyrinthine.chole.te.toma with atypical clinical pre.e.tation. The.third case.pre.e.ts a rare.but important false.positive.finding in non-e. DW MRI. Clinical and imaging findings are.discusse. taking into account the.curre.t lite.ature.

关键词： Chole.te.toma Non-e. DW MRI Diffusion-We.ghte. Imaging

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