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A simple daily dynamic feeding regimen for reducing phosphorus consumption and excretion in laying hens

Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 132-141页

作者： Xujie Liao Jiakun Yan Jionghao Chen Zhenyu Huang Tianshuai Xiao Changqing Li Chong Pan Xin Yang Yanli Liu thomas d.crenshaw Xiaojun Yang Zhouzheng Ren College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China department of Animal Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Phosphorus metabolism in laying hens is a highly dynamic process over the course of the 24 h egg-laying *** the phosphorus feeding regimen according to the daily egg-laying cycle may help to improve phosphorus utilization ***-Line Brown layers(n=120;70 wk old)were offered 4different phosphorus daily regimens:(1)RR,fed regular phosphorus at both 09:00 and 17:00;(2)RL,fed regular phosphorus at 09:00 and low phosphorus at 17:00;(3)LR,fed low phosphorus at 09:00 and regular phosphorus at 17:00;(4)LL,fed low phosphorus at both 09:00 and 17:*** regular and low phosphorus diets contained 0.32% and 0.14% non-phytate phosphorus,*** feeding trial lasted for 12 *** a result,layers on the RL regimen had decreased laying rate(Pd 1 to 12 wk)when compared to all other *** on the LL regimen had decreased eggshell thickness and specific gravity(Pd to all other regimens,and had decreased egg shell strength(Pd to RL and LR *** compared to the RR regimen(a common practice in the industry),layers on the LR regimen had:(1)identical laying performance and egg quality(P>0.05);(2)decreased phosphorus excretion(Pduring the period of09:00 to 17:00;(3)increased jejunal calbindin d28k protein expression(Pding in the morning;(4)decreased serum fibroblast growth factor 23 and calcitriol levels(Pdecreased jejunal type Ⅲ sodium-phosphate cotransporter 2 gene and protein expression(Pd decreased renal type Ⅲ sodium-phosphate cotransporter 1 protein expression(Pding in the *** summary,when dietary phosphorus was supplemented in accordance with daily serum phosphorus rhythms(i.e.,the LR regimen),laying performance and egg quality were well supported whilst significantly decreasing phosphorus consumption and ***,serum phosphorus rhythms will need to be carefully maintained when developing dietar

关键词： Phosphorus-calcium homeostasis dynamic feeding regimen Egg production Laying hen Phosphorus excretion

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dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids improves intestinal immunity to Eimeria in broilers treated with anti-interleukin-10 antibody

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 382-389页

作者： Zhouzheng Ren Jiakun Yan Rose Whelan Xujie Liao daniel E.Bütz Maria K.Arendt Mark E.Cook Xiaojun Yang thomas d.crenshaw College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina department of Animal Sciences University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Oral antibody to interleukin-10(anti-IL-10)enhances the intestinal immune defense against *** sulfur amino acids methionine and cysteine(MtC)play essential roles in inducing and maintaining protective immune responses during intestinal ***,increased dietary MtC may support the anti-IL-10-induced intestinal immunity to ***(n=640)were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial design with 2 levels of each of the 3 main factors:dietary standardized ileal digestible(SId)MtC levels(0.6%or 0.8%),dietary anti-IL-10 supplementation(with or without),and coccidiosis challenge(control or challenge).Briefly,the broilers were supplied with either 0.6%or 0.8%SId MtC,each with or without anti-IL-10(300 mg/kg),from d 10 to *** d 14,broilers from each diet were gavaged with either PBS or *** resulting Eimeria infection induced fecal oocyst shedding and intestinal *** fed 0.8%SId MtC(main effects,P≤0.05)had decreased feed-to-gain ratio,increased duodenum and cecum luminal anti-Eimeria IgA titers,and decreased fecal oocyst counts,when compared to 0.6%SId *** supplementation of anti-IL-10(main effects,P≤0.05)increased cecum luminal total IgA concentration and decreased cecum ***(P≤0.05)were detected for growth performance and cecum luminal IFN-γ.Briefly,the highest body weight gain and feed intake were reached in PBS-gavaged broilers fed 0.8%SId MtC with no anti-IL-10 and in Eimeria-challenged broilers fed 0.8%SId MtC with *** Eimeria-infected broilers,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ and body weight gain only at 0.8%SId ***,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ levels,decreased cecum lesions and restored growth only when fed with adequate amounts of sulfur amino *** findings underscore the importance of providing sufficient essential nutrients to support the anti-IL-10 induced immunity against coccidiosis.

关键词： Chicken Coccidiosis Egg yolk antibody Interleukin-10 Sulfur amino acid

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免疫营养的应用

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饲料工业 2012年第6期33卷 61-64页

作者： Joe d.crenshaw APC公司 AnkenyIA美国

已有报道，几种饲料原料、饲料添加剂和某些营养素能够影响动物体内的免疫反懂。喷雾干燥血浆是一种独特的蛋白源。大量的研究表明，饲喂血浆蛋白能够影响动物的免疫反应。喷雾干燥血浆蛋白被广泛应用到断奶后期的保育猪饲料中以提高采... 详细信息

已有报道，几种饲料原料、饲料添加剂和某些营养素能够影响动物体内的免疫反懂。喷雾干燥血浆是一种独特的蛋白源。大量的研究表明，饲喂血浆蛋白能够影响动物的免疫反应。喷雾干燥血浆蛋白被广泛应用到断奶后期的保育猪饲料中以提高采食量、生长速度和饲料效率。

关键词：免疫反应营养素应用血浆蛋白动物体内喷雾干燥饲料添加剂饲料原料

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Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%identity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved

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The biological stress of early weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 124-127页

作者： Joy M Campbell Joe d.crenshaw Javier Polo APC Inc. 2425 SE Oak Tree CourtAnkenyIA USA

Pigs experience biological stress such as physiological, environmental, and social challenges when weaned from the sow. The process of weaning is one of the most stressful events in the pig＇s life that can contribute to intestinal and immune system dysfunctions that result in reduced pig health, growth, and feed intake, particularly during the first week after weaning. Technological improvements in housing, nutrition, health, and management have been used to minimize some of the adverse effects of weaning stress, but a greater understanding of the biological impact of stress is needed to improve strategies to overcome weaning stress. The focus of this review paper is to briefly describe how the biological stress associated with weaning impacts intestinal morphology, structure, physiology, and intestinal immune responses that can impact subsequent production efficiencies such as growth, intake, morbidity, and mortality.

关键词： Biological stress Intestine Pig Weaning

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(Ad) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of Ad is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Phosphatases are involved in modulating the TCA cycle in plants

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Molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1036-1037页

作者： thomas d.Niehaus department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Twin CitiesSaint PaulMNUSA

Phosphorylation is a reversible posttranslational modification that modulates the activities of numerous *** plants,it is known that several mitochondrial proteins can be phosphory-lated,including enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)*** kinases and phosphorylases that mediate reversible phosphorylation of TCA cycle enzymes remain largely elusive,as is the impact of protein phosphorylation on the TCA *** this issue of Molecular Plant,Zhang et al.(2021)demonstrate that two phosphatases play important roles in controlling the phosphorylation status of TCA cycle enzymes,which modulates their activities and influences carbon flux through the TCA cycle.

关键词： cycle reversible controlling

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High Temperature Effects on Electron and Proton Circuits of Photosynthesis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第8期52卷 712-722页

作者： thomas d. Sharkey Ru Zhang department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution for Science 260 Stanford CA 94305 USA

Photosynthesis is sensitive to high temperature with reversible declines during moderate stress and irreversible damage with more severe stress. While many studies have focused on the irreversible damage,the reversible changes can tell how photosynthesis tolerates high temperature. Knowing how high temperature is tolerated could lead to ways of extending high temperature tolerance. New analytical methods have been used to probe electron and proton circuits of intact leaves at high temperature. Combined with previous work with isolated systems, it appears that there is a large change in redox distribution among thylakoid components. Photosystem I becomes more reduced but photosystem II and the stroma become more oxidized. Several lines of evidence support the existence of significant cyclic electron flow at high temperature. It is hypothesized that these changes allow for adenosine tri-phosphate homeostasis and maintenance of an energy gradient across the thylakoid membrane, helping to keep it from suffering irreversible damage at high temperature.

关键词： high II

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Automated calculation and convergence of defect transport tensors

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 89-95页

作者： thomas d.Swinburne danny Perez Aix-Marseille Université CNRSCINaM UMR 7325Campus de LuminyMarseille 13288France Theoretical division T-1 Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA

defect diffusion is a key process in materials science and catalysis,but as migration mechanisms are often too complex to enumerate a priori,calculation of transport tensors typically have no measure of convergence and require significant end-user *** two bottlenecks prevent high-throughput implementations essential to propagate model-form uncertainty from interatomic interactions to predictive *** order to address these issues,we extend a massively parallel accelerated sampling scheme,autonomously controlled by Bayesian estimators of statewide sampling completeness,to build atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo models on a state-space irreducible under exchange and space group *** on isolated defects,we derive analytic expressions for drift and diffusion coefficients,providing a convergence metric by calculating the Kullback–Leibler divergence across the ensemble of diffusion processes consistent with the sampling *** autonomy and efficacy of the method is demonstrated on surface trimers in tungsten and Hexa-interstitials in magnesium oxide,both of which exhibit complex,correlated migration mechanisms.

关键词： convergence diffusion calculation

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