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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 574-590页

作者： Zachary Stansell thomas björkman Cornell University School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA Cornell AgriTech Cornell UniversityGenevaNY 14456USA

Worldwide,broccoli(Brassica oleracea ***)is among the most economically important,nutritionally rich,and widely-grown vegetable *** explore the genomic basis of the dramatic changes in broccoli morphology in the last century,we evaluated 109 broccoli or broccoli/cauliflower intermediates for 24 horticultural ***-bysequencing markers were used to determine four subpopulations within italica:Calabrese broccoli landraces and hybrids,sprouting broccoli,and violet cauliflower,and to evaluate between and within group relatedness and *** overall horticultural quality and harvest index of improved hybrid broccoli germplasm has increased by year of cultivar release,this improvement has been accompanied by a considerable reduction in allelic diversity when compared to the larger pool of *** landraces are the most likely founding source of modern broccoli hybrids,and within these modern hybrids,we identified 13 reduction-in-diversity genomic regions,53 selective sweeps,and 30(>1 Mbp)runs of *** accessions collected in southern Italy contained 4.8-fold greater unique alleles per accessions compared to modern hybrids and provide a valuable resource in subsequent improvement *** work broadens the understanding of broccoli germplasm,informs conservation efforts,and enables breeding for complex quality traits and regionally adapted cultivars.

关键词： cultivar germplasm breeding

Genotyping-by-sequencing of Brassica oleracea vegetables reveals unique phylogenetic patterns, population structure and domestication footprints

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 460-469页

作者： Zachary Stansell Katie Hyma Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramírez Qi Sun Sharon Mitchell thomas björkman Jian Hua School of Integrative Plant Science Horticulture SectionCornell UniversityGenevaNY14456USA Genomic Diversity Facility Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Bioinformatics Facility Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA School of Integrative Plant Science Plant Biology SectionCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Syracuse University SyracuseNYUSA Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University/OARDCWoosterOH44691USA

Brassica oleracea forms a diverse and economically significant crop *** efforts are often hindered by limited knowledge of diversity contained within available ***,we employ genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate a diverse panel of 85 landrace and improved *** broccoli,cauliflower,and Chinese kale ***,21,680 high-quality SNPs were used to reveal a complex and admixed population structure and clarify phylogenetic relationships among *** *** broccoli landrace contained,on average,8.4 times as many unique alleles as an improved broccoli and landraces collectively represented 81%of all broccoli-specific *** broccoli hybrids were largely represented by a single subpopulation identified within a complex population *** allelic diversity in landrace broccoli and 96.1%of SNPs differentiating improved cauliflower from landrace cauliflower were common to the larger pool of broccoli germplasm,supporting a parallel or later development of cauliflower due to introgression events from *** kale was readily distinguished by principal coordinate *** was accomplished with and without reliance upon a reference genome producing 141,317 and 20,815 filtered SNPs,respectively,supporting robust SNP discovery methods in neglected or unimproved crop groups that lack a reference *** work clarifies the population structure,phylogeny,and domestication footprints of landrace and improved *** broccoli using many genotyping-by-sequencing ***,a large pool of genetic diversity contained in broccoli landraces is described which may enhance future breeding efforts.

关键词： breeding structure supporting

Influence of alumina on mineralogy and environmental properties of zinc-copper smelting slags

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第3期20卷 234-245页

作者： Sina Mostaghel Caisa Samuelsson Bo bjrkman Minerals and Metals Research Laboratory Lule University of Technology

An iron-silicate slag, from a zinc-copper smelting process, and mixtures of this slag with 5wt%, 10wt%, and 15wt% alumina addition were re-melted, semi-rapidly solidified, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The FactSageWM6.2 thermodynamic package was applied to compare the stable phases at equilibrium conditions with experimental characterization. A standard European leaching test was also carried out for all samples to investigate the changes in leaching behaviour because of the addition of alumina. Results show that the commonly reported phases for slags from copper and zinc production processes （olivine, pyroxene, and spinel） are the major constituents of the current samples. A correlation can be seen between mineralogical characteristics and leaching behaviours. The sample with 10wt% alumina addition, which contains high amounts of spinels and lower amounts of the other soluble phases, shows the lowest leachabilities for most of the elements.

关键词： slags characterization mineralogy alumina leaching solidification

Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%identity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved

Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Comment on “Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: A state-ofthe- art review”

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第16期28卷 1722-1724页

作者： thomas bjørsum-Meyer Anastasios Koulaouzidis Gunnar Baatrup Department of Surgery Odense University HospitalSvendborg 5700Denmark Department of Clinical Research University of Southern DenmarkFaculty of Health ScienceOdense 5230Denmark

Colon capsule endoscopy(CCE)was introduced nearly two decades ***,it was limited by poor image quality and short battery time,but due to technical improvements,it has become an equal diagnostic alternative to optical colonoscopy(OC).Hastened by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,CCE has been introduced in clinical practice to relieve overburdened endoscopy units and move investigations to out-patient clinics.A wider adoption of CCE would be bolstered by positive patient experience,as it offers a diagnostic investigation that is not inferior to other *** shortcomings of CCE include its inability to differentiate adenomatous polyps from hyperplastic *** this issue would improve the stratification of patients for polyp *** intelligence(AI)has shown promising results in polyp detection and characterization to minimize incomplete CCEs and avoid needless *** AI appears to be a needed application to enable near-real-time decision-making in order to diminish patient waiting times and avoid superfluous subsequent *** this letter,we discuss the potential and role of AI in CCE as a diagnostic tool for the large bowel.

关键词： Video capsule endoscopy Wireless capsule endoscopy Artificial intelligence Colonic polyps Endoscopic surgical procedures Colon neoplasm

Violent collisions can reveal hexadecapole deformation of nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 1-3页

作者： björn Schenke Physics Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA

A new observable in heavy ion collision experiments was identified to be sensitive to the hexadecapole deformation of the colliding *** deformation is difficult to measure in traditional nuclear electric transition measurements,as it is often overwhelmed by the nuclear quadrupole *** opens the door to gain new insight into nuclear structure with experiments that were designed to study hot and dense nuclear matter.

关键词： deformation collision insight

Norwegian oil and gas storage in rock caverns-Technology based on experience from hydropower development

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 479-486页

作者： bjørn Nilsen Department of Geoscience and Petroleum Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway

Underground storage in rock caverns is widely used in Norway for many different petroleum products,such as crude oil,fuel,propane and ***,the caverns for such storages are unlined,*** is ensured without using any steel lining or *** main basis for the storage technology originates from the extensive hydropower development in *** part of this activity,about 4500 km of tunnels and shafts have been excavated,and around 200 large powerhouse caverns have been *** hydropower tunnels are mainly unlined,with hydrostatic water pressure on unlined rock of up to 1000 *** of the projects also include air cushion chambers with volumes of up to 1×10^(5)m^(3)and air pressure up to 7.7 *** lessons which are valuable also for underground oil and gas storage have been learnt from these *** a storage project to become successful,systematic,well planned design and ground investigation procedures are *** main steps of the design procedure are first to define the optimum location of the project,and then to optimize orientation,shape/geometry and dimensions of caverns and *** part of the procedure,ground investigations have to be carried out at several steps integrated with the progress of *** investigation and design procedures,and the great significance of these for the project to become successful will be *** examples of oil and gas storage in unlined rock caverns are given,illustrating the relevancy of experience from high-pressure hydropower projects for planning and design of unlined caverns for oil and gas storage.

关键词： Underground storage Oil Gas Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) Hydropower Air cushion chamber

What is required for better progress in clinical and scientific andrology involving sperm assessments?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 229-232页

作者： Lars björndahl ANOVA Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet Sweden Stockholm S-113 64

In scientific publications based on basicsemen examination,there is a generallack of consistency and transparencyregarding laboratory techniques *** support improvements in clinicaland scientific andrology,it is essential toincrease understanding of basic physiologyand biology,and enhance compliancewith existing recommendations andinternational *** designsneed to be improved as well as transparencyof laboratory methods used and openpublication of data obtained.

关键词： transparency consistency clinical