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Isolated Lumbar Extension Resistance Training Is Effective at Improving Extension Power and Disability in Subjects with Diagnosed Lumbar Multifidus Dysfunction

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第3期12卷 245-255页

作者： William Roger Peters James thomas Ernest smith Mario Guiseppe Zotti Adam Leslie Lincoln Benjamin James Enser Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Bond University Queensland Australia Back Neck Clinic Bundall Queensland Australia Kieser Australia Bundall Queensland Australia

Background: Lumbar multifidus dysfunction is a prevalent cause of disability in individuals with lower back pain. Previous research highlights the benefits of isolated lumbar extension training for non-specific lower back pain, however, studies examining its efficacy in lumbar multifidus dysfunction are lacking. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of isolated lumbar extension resistance training on disability and strength in individuals with lumbar multifidus dysfunction. Methods: Subjects underwent a physiotherapy led structured rehabilitation program incorporating isolated lumbar extension. Sessions were conducted twice weekly targeting momentary muscular failure with time under load 90 - 120 seconds and progressions aimed at 5 - 10 lbs increments. Outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index and lumbar extension strength testing at baseline and after 12 weeks, with statistical analysis using t-test and chi-squared 2 × 2. Results: Forty-five subjects (24 male, 21 female) with a median age of 48 completed the intervention. Improvements were noted in Oswestry Disability Index scores (median pre: 24, post: 15) and maximal lumbar extension strength (median pre: 122 lb, post: 186 lb), with p ≤ 0.05. Overall, 89% showed improvement in disability scores, 67% moved to a better disability category, and 51% saw at least a 50% increase in strength. No significant gender differences were observed. Conclusions: Isolated lumbar extension resistance training is effective at improving extension power and disability in subjects with lumbar multifidus dysfunction.

关键词： Low Back Pain Multifidus Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Resistance Training

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Novel method for determination of sodium in foods by thermometric endpoint titrimetry (TET)

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2014年第1期3卷 20-25页

作者： thomas smith Christian Haider Antom Technologies Pty Ltd. Brisbane Australia Titration Competence Center Metrohm AG Herisau Switzerland

A novel yet simple, rapid and robust thermometric endpoint titration (TET) method for the determination of sodium in various foodstuffs is described. Sodium reacts exothermically with aluminium in the presence of an excess of potassium and fluoride ions to form NaK2AlF6 (“elpasolite”). This reaction forms the basis of a ro- bust, reliable analytical procedure suitable for routine process control. The reaction of calcium under similar conditions (to form KCaAlF6) suggests that potentially, calcium may interfere in the determination of sodium in some foodstuffs. Results of an investigation suggest that at molar ratios [Ca]/[Na] < 0.85, an error of <1% of the measured value of sodium is incurred.

关键词： Sodium Titration Food Foodstuffs TET Thermometric Endpoint Titration Elpasolite

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A magnetic biocatalyst based on mussel-inspired polydopamine and its acylation of dihydromyricetin

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第4期37卷 584-595页

作者：邓啸曹诗林李宁吴虹 thomas J.smithd 宗敏华娄文勇华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室广东广州510640 华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院应用生物催化实验室广东广州510640 华南理工大学化学与化工学院广东广州510640 谢菲尔德哈勒姆大学生物分子科学研究中心

A support made of mussel-inspired polydopamine-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （PD-MNPs） was prepared and characterized. The widely used Aspetyillus niger lipase （ANL） was immobilized on the PD-MNPs （ANL@PD-MNPs） with a protein loading of 138 mg/g and an activity recovery of 83.6% under optimized conditions. For the immobilization, the pH and immobilization time were investigated. The pH and thermal and storage stability of the ANL@PD-MNPs significant- ly surpassed those of free ANL. The ANL@PD-MNPs had better solvent tolerance than free ANL. The secondary structure of free ANL and ANL@PD-MNPs was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, A kinetic study demonstrated that the ANL@PD-MNPs had enhanced enzyme-substrate affinity and high catalytic efficiency. The ANL@PD-MNPs was applied as a biocatalyst for the regioselective acylation of dihydromyricetin （DMY） in DMSO and gave a conversion of 79.3%, which was higher than that of previous reports. The ANL@PD-MNPs retained over 55% of its initial activity after 10 cycles of reuse. The ANL@PD-MNPs were readily separated from the reaction system by a magnet. The PD-MNPs is an excellent support for ANL and the resulting ANL@PD-MNPs displayed good potential for the efficient synthesis of dihydromyricetin-3-acetate by enzymatic regioselective acylation.

关键词： Magnetic iron oxide Nanoparticle Polydopamine Aspergillus niger lipase Dihydromyricetin Acylation

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Applying Downscaled Global Climate Model Data to a Hydrodynamic Surface-Water and Groundwater Model

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American Journal of Climate Change 2014年第1期3卷 33-49页

作者： Eric Swain Lydia Stefanova thomas smith Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies Tallahassee USA US Geological Survey Florida Water Science Center Davie USA US Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center St. Petersburg USA

Precipitation data from Global Climate Models have been downscaled to smaller regions. Adapting this downscaled precipitation data to a coupled hydrodynamic surface-water/groundwater model of southern Florida allows an examination of future conditions and their effect on groundwater levels, inundation patterns, surface-water stage and flows, and salinity. The downscaled rainfall data include the 1996-2001 time series from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting ERA-40 simulation and both the 1996-1999 and 2038-2057 time series from two global climate models: the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL). Synthesized surface-water inflow datasets were developed for the 2038-2057 simulations. The resulting hydrologic simulations, with and without a 30-cm sea-level rise, were compared with each other and field data to analyze a range of projected conditions. Simulations predicted generally higher future stage and groundwater levels and surface-water flows, with sea-level rise inducing higher coastal salinities. A coincident rise in sea level, precipitation and surface-water flows resulted in a narrower inland saline/fresh transition zone. The inland areas were affected more by the rainfall difference than the sea-level rise, and the rainfall differences make little difference in coastal inundation, but a larger difference in coastal salinities.

关键词： Hydrologic Models Climate Change Rainfall Hydrodynamics Salinity

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中国饮食文化有效化的混合方法研究

中国饮食文化有效化的混合方法研究

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作者： thomas smith 上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究旨在说明人们对食物的态度对于中国文化适应过程的影响。本文通过情感、行为和认知上的适应来定义“有效”的适应,从社会文化的角度说明食物对适应的影响。本文采用混合方法序贯解释设计以确定食物态度与适应之间的关系。该研究... 详细信息

本研究旨在说明人们对食物的态度对于中国文化适应过程的影响。本文通过情感、行为和认知上的适应来定义“有效”的适应,从社会文化的角度说明食物对适应的影响。本文采用混合方法序贯解释设计以确定食物态度与适应之间的关系。该研究首先通过对194名(居住在中国大陆的外籍人士)参与者的调查,分析他们行为和认知上对社会文化的适应,考察对食物的态度对于文化适应的影响,然后通过18个半结构化访谈的编码数据说明了这种相关性。多元回归分析建立了社会文化调整的预测模型。情感编码和模式编码方法从所进行的访谈和三角数据中推断出数据以说明量化的结果。这项研究的结果证实了三角研究之间的密切关系。一个人对东道国文化食物的开放程度对“有效”的适应过程有影响。结果还表明行为适应比认知适应和情感适应具有更强的重要性。从半结构化访谈中提取的代码说明了已建立定量关系的U型曲线过程(异国情调、冲击、适应和精通)。本研究通过证实食物的开放程度作为一项小众研究确实会影响文化适应,打开检验较少研究的社会文化变量的可能性,从而对现有的文化适应文学做出贡献。最后,这项研究与日益全球化的社区有关。任何探索新文化的人,除了假期短暂停留的游客之外,如果能长时间地了解东道国文化的食物,都将会受益匪浅。

关键词：食物感知态度开放性文化适应社会文化适应,情感的,行为的,认知的

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海王星探测:稀有气体和挥发分分析

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深空探测学报（中英文） 2020年第6期7卷 584-604页

作者： smith thomas 贺怀宇刘冉冉中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室北京100029

地外天体的探测目标主要是太阳系中离地球较近的行星和天体,例如水星、金星、月球、火星、木星、小行星67P和近地小行星25143糸川。目前,人类还没有明确提出对太阳系中两大冰巨行星天王星和海王星的探测计划。人类探测仍停留在“旅行者... 详细信息

地外天体的探测目标主要是太阳系中离地球较近的行星和天体,例如水星、金星、月球、火星、木星、小行星67P和近地小行星25143糸川。目前,人类还没有明确提出对太阳系中两大冰巨行星天王星和海王星的探测计划。人类探测仍停留在“旅行者2号”探测器分别于1986年1月和1989年8月飞掠天王星和海王星时传回的数据。在过去的几十年间,越来越多类属冰巨行星的系外行星被发现,而且冰巨行星比类似木星和土星的气态巨行星数量更多,加深对冰巨行星的了解势在必行。其中,行星大气组成,特别是稀有气体和挥发分的分布尤为重要。详细回顾了对太阳系中各天体挥发分的探测及结果;总结了天王星和海王星的稀有气体和挥发分的浓度、分布和演化过程;讨论了探索冰巨行星的星际探测任务的流程、可行性以及探测器载荷选择。提出了利用离子阱质谱仪作为中国外太阳系探测任务中探索冰巨行星科学载荷的可行性。

关键词：冰巨行星海王星挥发分稀有气体同位素比值质谱仪进入探测器

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新疆罗布泊东部发现球粒陨石雨

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科学通报 2017年第21期62卷 2407-2415页

作者：李世杰王世杰 LEYA Ingo smith thomas 唐俊林王鹏曾小家李阳中国科学院地球化学研究所月球与行星科学研究中心贵阳550081 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室贵阳550081 Physical Institute University of Bern Sidlerstrasse 5 新疆地质矿产勘查开发局第六地质大队哈密839000 中国科学院大学北京100049

新疆罗布泊以东65 km处的三峰山区域发现了陨石(Tuya 002~007)散落区,呈3 km×11 km的椭圆状.散落区内收集到130余块普通球粒陨石,总重超过160 kg,最大的陨石重30 kg,最小的陨石重约15 g.散落区为一南东-北西向分布且陨石样品逐渐增大... 详细信息

新疆罗布泊以东65 km处的三峰山区域发现了陨石(Tuya 002~007)散落区,呈3 km×11 km的椭圆状.散落区内收集到130余块普通球粒陨石,总重超过160 kg,最大的陨石重30 kg,最小的陨石重约15 g.散落区为一南东-北西向分布且陨石样品逐渐增大的椭圆形区域,这意味着陨石从南东向以较低的角度进入地球大气层.除Tuya002(760 g)外,散落区内的陨石可能来自同一次陨石雨,陨石类型为L5,冲击程度为S2,风化程度为*** 003的宇宙射线暴露年龄为45.6±4.4 Ma,因此三峰山陨石雨的流星体可能形成于约40 Ma时普通球粒陨石L群母体的破裂事件中.Tuya 002具有和其他三峰山陨石显著不同的外表特征,表面熔壳全部脱落,球粒清晰可见,为L4型普通球粒陨石,样品中有大量的硫酸钙.其宇宙射线暴露年龄为17.0±4.1 Ma,也证明了其不是三峰山陨石雨的产物.三峰山区域陨石的研究表明三峰山区域不是陨石富集区,而是L5普通球粒陨石散落区.因此,需要对其他一些区域的陨石样品进行矿物岩石学、风化特征、宇宙射线暴露年龄和居地年龄的研究,从而确定出新疆及其周边沙漠区域的陨石富集区.

关键词：陨石散落区沙漠陨石三峰山宇宙射线暴露年龄

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Peace and Security in Africa:Opportunities and Challenges for China-Africa Cooperation

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国际展望 2009年第3期1卷 55-72,123页

作者： Henry smith thomas Wheeler Bernardo Mariani Executive Director of Saferworld Saferworld''s China Programme

This paper seeks to explore some of the security and conflict dimensions of the China-Africa relationship, illustrating what the challenges are, why they are important and what has been done to meet them. Section one provides a brief overview of the different manifestations of conflict and insecurity on the African continent, highlighting that Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) proliferation is a problem that links them all. Section two explores the reasons why China has a stake in the peace and security of African countries. The third section outlines some of the commitments made by China to helping African countries address their security challenges, and assesses the degree to which these pledges have been implemented. The paper concludes that the issue of SALW proliferation still requires further action, both by China and its African partners on the continent and by all global actors through international cooperation.

关键词： Security

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Impact history and origin of lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 15528

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第6期66卷 1399-1422页

作者： Runchuan LIU Huaiyu HE thomas smith Hanqing YE Huapei WANG Xuhang ZHANG Fei SU Ziheng LIU Wei GUO Peng YANG Chuantong ZHANG Dingshuai Xue Ting CAO Jiannan LI Xuelong JIANG Ye HE Chao LU State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institutes of Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Paleomagnetism and Planetary Magnetism Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Institution of Meteorites and Planetary Materials Research Center Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

No samples from the Moon’s far side have been returned to ***,lunar meteorite study can deepen the understanding of the Moon’s far side(if we can identify which lunar meteorites came from the Moon’s far side).The Northwest Africa(NWA)15528 meteorite is a lunar feldspathic regolith breccia meteorite and we speculated it might originate from the Feldspathic Highlands Terrane(FHT)on the far side of the ***,we report detailed petrography,major and trace elements,and noble gas(He,Ne,and Ar)isotopes for the clasts and matrix,*** results show that the NWA 15528 lunar meteorite contains diverse clasts,including anorthosite,granulite,basalt,and impact melt *** coarse,wellcrystallized,uniform chemical composition minerals may come from intrusive plutonic *** the anorthosite clasts,the norite/olivine clasts originate from the deep lunar crust,whereas the other anorthosite clasts are from lunar *** Sm concentrations in NWA 15528 were similar to those in the fourth group of Apollo 16 melt samples,demonstrating that NWA 15528 has a typical plagioclase highland meteorite *** with the Apollo sample data and remote sensing results,the chemical composition of NWA 15528 indicated strong affinities with the FHT area and ferroan anorthosite(FAN)material from the far side of the *** noble gas isotopic composition of NWA 15528 is consistent with a binary mixture of solar wind and cosmogenic components;during stepwise pyrolytic extractions,we observed that the abundance of cosmogenic components decreased,whereas that of solar wind components increased with increasing *** average cosmic-ray exposure(CRE)age of the matrix and granulite is 42±6 Ma,with a shielding depth in the same range of 10-20 g cm^(−2).The gas retention age of NWA 15528 is 2.14 Ga,and the antiquity age of NWA 15528 is(0.69-0.74)±0.2 Ga(considering 50%40Arm is 40Artrap)which indicates the different clasts of NWA 15528 are assembled after 0

关键词： The Moon Regolith Meteorites Cosmic rays Solar wind Thermal histories Far side of the Moon

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser thomas S.Edwards Timothy L.smith Zachary M.Soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without polyps(CRSsNP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(P<0.001,fold change 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(P<0.05,FDR correction)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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