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Ecological factors influencing the beneficial endosymbionts of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera:Adelgidae)

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Insect science 2019年第1期26卷 97-107页

作者： Angela M.Mech sherilyn J.Harper Nathan P.Havill Carol D.von Dohlen Gaelen r.burke Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA school of Environmental and Forest sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA UsDA Forest service Northern Research StationHamdenConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Utah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA

Bacterial endosymbionts of sap-sucking insects provide their host with a num- ber of beneficial qualities,including the supply of nutrition,defense against parasitoids, and protection from heat *** to these bacterial associates can therefore have a negative impact on the fitness of their insect *** evaluated observational and experi- mental factors regarding the normative hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (Hemiptera:Adelgidae)to help understand the roles of its three recently identified symbionts,including under heat stress *** prevalence of ***'s facultafive symbiont (serratia symbiotica)was examined at different spatial scales to determine how variable infection rates are for this *** was no significant difference found in infection rates between adelgids on a tree,within a plot,or within a ***, significantly more adelgids in Georgia (95%)had *** compared to those in New York (68%).Microsatellite genotyping of the adelgids found that this difference was most likely not the result of a second introduction *** into eastern North *** *** proportions between first and fourth instars showed that symbiont absence did not affect the ability *** to survive *** of sym- biont densities within each adelgid found that when *** was absent,the density of obligate symbionts was significantly *** to heat stress (32.5℃)was not consistently correlated with changes in symbiont densities over a 4-d ***,we have shown that symbiont prevalence and densities vary within the broad population of *** in eastern North America,with potentially significant effects upon the ecology of this important pest.

关键词： Adelges tsugae Anncindia adelgestsuga bacterial endosymbionts serratia symbiotica Pseudomonas adelgestsugas

The role of the NIIT in the Formulation of *** Policy

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The Role of the NIIT in the Formulation of *** Policy

Geoscience for the public： Geotopes and National GeoParks in Germany

1996 International Conference on Information Infrastructure(ICII’96)

作者： Joe M.thom.son thom.s r.burke Information Technology service U.s.General services Administration Affiliate Member National Information Infrastructure Testbed(NIIT)1517 Blake Street Office of Information security U.s.General services Administration Affiliate Member National Information Infrastructure Testbed(NIIT)1517 Blake Street

＜正＞This paper highlights the role of the National Information Infrastructure Testbed（NIIT） in the formulation of *** policy related to the National Information Infrastructure （NII）.Vice President Gore has stated "the private sector will build,own,and operate the NII." The private sector includes industry,academia,and *** is a view of the Us Government and the need for private sector assistance in the development of policies, operational concepts and standards for the NII and broader implementation and interface with the Global Information Infrastructure.

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Episodes 2004年第4期27卷 279-283页

作者： Heinz-Gerdrioehling Michaelschmidt-thomè LowersaxonyGeologicalsurveystilleweg2 D-30657Hartnover.Germany FederalInstitUteforGeoscienceandNaturalresources.stilleweg2 D-30657Hannover.Germany.

Geotopes or geological sites provide information on the evolution, structure and properties of the Earth's crust and on the geological past. They also represent the great variety of features that characterize a landscape, For this reason, their preservation is of special concern to geosciences. As early as in the 19th century, outstanding rock formations became important tourist sites although the modern terms ""geosites"" and ""geotourism"" were unknown. The paper describes the German initiatives on geotope conservation and the implementation of National GeoParks in Germany and their use for education and tourism.

关键词：地质公园德国演化信息地壳结构教育价值旅游产业

From the lab to the world： The paradigmatic assumption and the functional cognition of avian foraging

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 328-340页

作者： Danielle sULIKOWsKI Darren burke school of Psychology Charles Sturt University Bathurst NSW 2795 Australia school of Psychology University of Newcastle Ourimbah NSW 225 Australia

Mechanisms of animal learning and memory were traditionally studied without reference to niche-specific functional considerations. More recently, ecological demands have informed such investigations, most notably with respect to foraging in birds. In parallel, behavioural ecologists, primarily concerned with functional optimization, have begun to consider the role of mechanistic factors, including cognition, to explain apparent deviations from optimal predictions. In the present paper we discuss the application of laboratory-based constructs and paradigms of cognition to the real-world challenges faced by avian foragers. We argue that such applications have been handicapped by what we term the ＇paradigmatic assumption＇ - the assumption that a given laboratory paradigm maps well enough onto a congruent cognitive mechanism （or cognitive ability） to justify confiation of the two. We present evidence against the paradigmatic assumption and suggest that to achieve a profitable integration between function and mechanism, with respect to animal cognition, a new conceptualization of cognitive mechanisms - functional cogni- tion - is required. This new conceptualization should define cognitive mechanisms based on the informational properties of the animal＇s environment and the adaptive challenges faced. Cognitive mechanisms must be examined in settings that mimic the im- portant aspects of the natural environment, using customized tasks designed to probe defined aspects of the mechanisms＇ opera- tion. We suggest that this approach will facilitate investigations of the functional and evolutionary relevance of cognitive mecha- nisms, as well as the patterns of divergence, convergence and specialization of cognitive mechanisms within and between species .

关键词： Functional cognition Paradigmatic assumption Informational properties Avian foraging

Minor fibrillar collagens,variable regions alternative splicing,intrinsic disorder,and tyrosine sulfation

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Protein & Cell 2012年第6期3卷 419-433页

作者： Ming Fang reed Jacob Owen McDougal Julia thom Oxford Department of Biological sciences Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Biomolecular research Center Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA

Minor fibrillar collagen types V and XI,are those less abundant than the fibrillar collagen types I,II and *** alpha chains share a high degree of similarity with respect to protein sequence in all domains except the variable *** variation and,in some cases,extensive alternative splicing contribute to the unique sequence characteristics of the variable *** unique expression patterns in tissues exist,the functions and biological relevance of the variable regions have not been *** this review,we summarize the existing knowledge about expression patterns and biological functions of the collagen types V and XI alpha *** of biochemical similarities among the peptides encoded by each exon of the variable region suggests the potential for a shared *** alternative splicing,conservation of biochemical characteristics in light of low sequence conservation,and evidence for intrinsic disorder,suggest modulation of binding events between the surface of collagen fibrils and surrounding extracellular molecules as a shared function.

关键词： minor fibrillar collagens variable regions alternative splicing fibrillogenesis heparan sulfate binding sites intrinsic disorder tyrosine sulfation

Cognitive stylistics： History, Development and Current Applications

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外国语 2010年第1期33卷 40-46页

作者： Michael burke roosevelt Academy Middelburg U. S. A

Drawing on contrasting authoritative definitions,this article starts by investigating the question 'what is cognitive stylistics' and the related sub questions 'how has cognitive stylistics developed over the past two decades' and 'how does it differ from what is known as cognitive poetics'.Having established a consensus on what it is,the article then moves on to a much more important issue:the practical matter of how scholars might optimally employ cognition in their stylistic ***,the article introduces the original notions of 'mono-conceptual approaches' and 'integrative approaches' based on previous cognitive stylistic analyses conducted by the author.A pedagogical argument is then made in preference of the *** one is left with is an emerging categorical state of affairs in cognitive stylistic research and practice that fellow scholars are encouraged to reflect on and revise,if deemed necessary,in order to further knowledge in the field of cognitive stylistics.

关键词：英语文体论语言学教学方法

Genome and clonal hematopoiesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration spaceflight

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina sienkiewicz s.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.ryon Marissa burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney Caleb M.schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox Christopher Chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus Chan Carlos Cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci Conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian C.schmidt Michael A.schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare semyon Kruglyak shawn Levy Min Yu Duane C.Hassane susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus Christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HrH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of stem Cell Biology and regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA space Exploration Technologies Corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Human Performance Group BoulderCO 80302USA Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Department of Environmental and radiological Health sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Cell and Molecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University st Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig school of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative PCr,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genomic stability and immune adaptations.A robust bioinformatic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential(CHIP)or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene expression changes across immune cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environment persisting months *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early development of CHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenomenon as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future commercial and non-commercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematopoiesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes spaceflight

structural, electronic, elastic, and thermal properties of CaNiH3 perovskite obtained from first-principles calculations

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 384-390页

作者： s Benlamari H Bendjeddou r Boulechfar sAmara Korba H Meradji r Ahmed s Ghemid r Khenata s Bin Omran Laboratoire LPr Departement de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba Algeria Department of Physics Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Skudai 81310 Johor Malaysia Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modelisation Mathematique de la Matiere (LPQ3M) Universite de Mascara-29000-Algeria Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Sand University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

A theoretical study of the structural, elastic, electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of the perovskite-type hydride CaNiH3 is presented. This study is carded out via first-principles full potential （FP） linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital （LAPW＋lo） method designed within the density functional theory （DFT）. To treat the exchange-correlation energy/potential for the total energy calculations, the local density approximation （LDA） of Perdew-Wang （PW） and the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） of Perdew-burke-Ernzerhof （PBE） are used. The three independent elastic constants （C11, C12, and C44） are calculated from the direct computation of the stresses generated by small strains. Besides, we report the variation of the elastic constants as a function of pressure as well. From the calculated elastic constants, the mechanical character of CaNiH3 is predicted. Pertaining to the thermal properties, the Debye temperature is estimated from the average sound velocity. To further comprehend this compound, the quasi-harmonic Debye model is used to analyze the thermal properties. From the calculations, we find that the obtained results of the lattice constant （ao）, bulk modulus （Bo）, and its pressure derivative （B0′） are in good agreement with the available theoretical as well as experimental results. similarly, the obtained electronic band structure demonstrates the metallic character of this perovskite-type hydride.

关键词： perovskite-type hydrides elastic constants hydrogen storage materials

Calculation and interpretation of classical turning surfaces in solids

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 229-238页

作者： Aaron D.Kaplan stewart J.Clark Kieron burke John P.Perdew Department of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Centre for Materials Physics Durham UniversityDurham DH13LEUK Departments of Chemistry and Physics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Departments of Physics and Chemistry Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA

Classical turning surfaces of Kohn–sham potentials separate classically allowed regions(CArs)from classically forbidden regions(CFrs).They are useful for understanding many chemical properties of molecules but need not exist in solids,where the density never decays to *** equilibrium geometries,we find that CFrs are absent in perfect metals,rare in covalent semiconductors at equilibrium,but common in ionic and molecular *** all materials,CFrs appear or grow as the internuclear distances are uniformly *** can also appear at a monovacancy in a *** with several approximate density functionals and codes confirm these behaviors.A classical picture of conduction suggests that CArs should be connected in metals,and disconnected in wide-gap insulators,and is confirmed in the limits of extreme compression and ***,many semiconductors have no CFr at equilibrium,a key finding for density functional ***,a strong correlation with insulating behavior can still be ***,equilibrium bond lengths for all cases can be estimated from the bond type and the sum of the classical turning radii of the free atoms or ions.

关键词： turning solids expanded