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Behavioral predictability in a lynx spider is interactively influenced by mean behavior, prey density,and an insecticide

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 713-720页

作者： Radek MICHALKO Ondrej KOSULIC thitiya pung Patchanee VICHITBANDHA Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 3Brno61300Czech Republic Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 3Brno61300Czech Republic Department of Chemistry Kasetsart UniversityKamphaeng SaenNakhon Pathom73140Thailand Department of Science Faculty of Liberal Arts and ScienceKasetsart UniversityKamphaeng SaenNakhon Pathom73140Thailand

Behavioral predictability,i.e.,short-term intra-individual variability under relatively constant environmental conditions,has only recently begun to gain attention.It is unknown,however,whether predictability of individuals with distinct mean behavior changes differently as a response to ecological factors such as resource availability.Moreover,the response might be affected by anthropogenic contaminants that are ubiquitous in the environment and that can affect animals' variability in behavior.Here,we investigated the relationship between mean predatory activity and predictability in predatory activity along a prey density gradient in the lynx spider Oxyopes lineatipes.We further examined how this relationship is influenced by insecticides,azadirachtin,and a plant extract from Embelia ribes.We found that all studied variables affected the predictability.In the control and Embelia treatments,that did not differ significantly,the predictability decreased with increasing prey density in a mean behavior-specific way.Individuals with low mean predatory activity were relatively less predictable than were those with high activity from low to moderate prey densities but more predictable at high prey densities.Azadirachtin altered this pattern and the individuals with low predatory activity were less predictable than were those with high predatory activity along the whole gradient of prey density.Our results show that predictability can change along an environmental gradient depending on a mean behavior.The relative predictability of the individuals with distinct mean behavior can depend on the value of the environmental gradient. In addition,this relationship can be affected by anthropogenic contaminants such as pesticides.

关键词： azadirachtin environmental gradient intra-individual variability pesticide resource availability

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Recent development of hydrogen sulfide-releasing biomaterials as novel therapies:a narrative review

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Biomaterials Translational 2022年第4期3卷 250-263页

作者： Jingyu Fan Elizabeth pung Yuan Lin Qian Wang Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)has been reported as an endogenous gasotransmitter that contributes to the modulation of a myriad of biological signalling pathways,which includes maintaining homeostasis in living organisms at physiological concentrations,controlling protein sulfhydration and persulfidation for signalling processes,mediating neurodegeneration,and regulating inflammation and innate immunity,etc.As a result,researchers are actively exploring effective approaches to evaluate the properties and the distribution of H_(2)S in vivo.Furthermore,the regulation of the physiological conditions of H_(2)S in vivo introduces the opportunity to further study the molecular mechanisms by which H_(2)S regulates cellular functions.In recent years,many H_(2)S-releasing compounds and biomaterials that can deliver H_(2)S to various body systems have been developed to provide sustained and stable H_(2)S delivery.Additionally,various designs of these H_(2)S-releasing biomaterials have been proposed to aid in the normal conduction of physiological processes,such as cardioprotection and wound healing,by modulating different signalling pathways and cell functionalities.Using biomaterials as a platform to control the delivery of H_(2)S introduces the opportunity to fine tune the physiological concentration of H_(2)S in vivo,a key to many therapeutic applications.In this review,we highlight recent research works concerning the development and application of H_(2)S-releasing biomaterials with a special emphasis to different release triggering conditions in in vivo studies.We believe that the further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying H_(2)S donors and their function when incorporated with various biomaterials will potentially help us understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of different diseases and assist the development of H_(2)S-based therapies.

关键词： biomaterials cardiovascular disease H_(2)S donors hydrogen sulfide wound healing

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Enhancement of thermal stability and UV resistance of halloysite nanotubes using zinc oxide functionalization via a solvent-free approach

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第6期26卷 787-795页

作者： Keemi Lim Wen Shyang Chow Swee Yong pung School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate the thermal properties and ultraviolet(UV)resistance of zinc oxide-functionalized halloysite nanotubes(HNT–ZnO).The HNT–ZnO was synthesized using a facile solvent-free route.The properties of the HNT–ZnO nanofillers were characterized using zeta-potential measurement,X-ray diffraction(XRD),field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).The immobilization of ZnO nanoparticles onto HNT is feasible even at the lowest mass ratio of HNT/ZnO.The TGA results indicate that the thermal stability of the HNT–ZnO nanofillers is higher than that of the HNT.Furthermore,UV?Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS)results show that the HNT–ZnO achieve a total reflectance as high as approximately 87.5%in the UV region,as compare with 66.9%for the HNT.In summary,the immobilization of ZnO onto HNT is a viable approach for increasing the thermal stability and improving the UV shielding of HNT.

关键词： halloysite nanotubes zinc oxide nanoparticle ultraviolet shielding thermal properties

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废弃矿山地质灾害生态修复的研究

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西部探矿工程 2024年第6期36卷 1-3,8页

作者：任小凯李守能许思益张作蓬熊平向阳中国有色金属工业西安勘察设计研究院有限公司陕西西安710054 贵州省地质矿产勘查勘查开发局115地质大队贵州贵阳551400 陕西地矿汉中地质大队有限公司陕西汉中723000

目前的矿山生态修复研究工作还不够系统和全面,理论还不够完善,部分技术实用性不强,根据矿山存在的问题及其发展规律特点,提出行之有效的对策是十分必要的工作。

关键词：矿山恢复环境保护生态修复废弃矿山地质灾害

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Effect of pH on the photocatalytic removal of silver ions byβ-MnO2 particles

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第2期28卷 325-334页

作者： Sin-Ling Chiam Anh Thi Le Swee-Yong pung Fei-Yee Yeoh School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPulau PinangMalaysia

The presence of silver ions(Ag(I))in wastewater has a detrimental effect on living organisms.Removal of soluble silver,especially at low concentrations,is challenging.This paper presents the use ofβ-MnO2 particles as a photocatalyst to remove Ag(I)ions selectively from aqueous solution at various pH levels.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission electron microscope(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron microscopy(XPS)were employed to determine the removal efficiency and to characterize the deposition of silver onto the surface ofβ-MnO2 particles.The optimum pH for the removal of Ag(I)ions was at pH 4 with 99%removal efficiency under 1 h of visible light irradiation.This phenomenon can be attributed to the electrostatic attraction betweenβ-MnO2 particles and Ag(I)ions as well as the suppression of electron–hole recombination in the presence of H+ions.

关键词： manganese oxide(MnO2) silver metal ion removal photocatalyst

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The influence of thermohaline fronts on chlorophyll a concentrations during spring and summer in the southeastern Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第9期32卷 82-90页

作者： JANG pung-Guk LEE Tong Sup KANG Jung-Hoon SHIN Kyoungsoon Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology/South Sea Institute Department of Oceanography College of Natural SciencesPusan National University

A spatial and temporal variation in physiochemical parameters in the southeastern Yellow Sea （YS） is in- vestigated in the spring and summer of 2009 to 2011. Nutrient show a strong negative relationship with chlorophyll a （Chl a） concentration in spring, and the subsurface chlorophyll a maxima （SCM） layer was associated with the nitracline in summer. In summer, the SCM was usually found within or above the pyc- nocline and at the depths of shoals from the open sea to the coastal sea due to tidal and/or topographical fronts in the southernmost study area. High Chl a concentrations were found in the central southern YS, where the YS cold water layer expanded under the pycnocline and encountered water masses during spring and summer. After a typhoon in the summer of2011, Chl a concentration increased, especially in the central southern YS, where cold waters occurred below the pycnocline. The results suggest that the development of thermohaline fronts may play an important role in the growth and accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in the upper layer of the southeastern YS during spring and summer.

关键词： Yellow Sea Cold Water nutrient chorophyll a thermohaline front

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Correlation of Critical Loci for Water-Hydrocarbon Binary Systems by EOS Based on the Multi-Fluid Nonrandom Lattice Theory

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2002年第6期10卷 661-665页

作者： Hun Yong SHIN Hwayong KIMb Ki-pung YOO Chul-Soo LEEd Yoshio IWAI Yasuhiko ARAI Department of Chemical Engineering Seoul National University of TechnologySchool of Chemical EngineeringSeoul National UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringSogang UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringKorea UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringKyushu UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringKyushu University Seoul139-743KoreaSeoul151-742KoreaSeoul121-742KoreaSeoul136-701KoreaFukuoka812-8581JapanFukuoka812-8581Japan

Quantitative representation of complicated behavior of fluid mixtures in the critical region by any of equation-of-state theories re-mains as a difficult thermodynamic topics to date. In the present work, a computational efforts were made for representing various types of critical loci of binary water with hydrocarbon systems showing Type II and Type III phase behavior by an elementary equation of state [called multi-fluid nonrandom lattice fluid EOS (MF-NLF EOS)] based on the lattice statistical mechanical theory. The model EOS requires two mo-lecular parameters which representing molecular size and interaction energy for a pure component and single adjustable interaction energy pa-rameter for binary mixtures. Critical temperature and pressure data were used to obtain molecular size parameter and vapor pressure data were used to obtain interaction energy parameter. The MF-NLF EOS model adapted in the present study correlated quantitatively well the critical loci of various binary water with hydrocarbon systems.

关键词： EOS状态多相流有规栅格理论水碳氢化合物两相体系临界轨变关系

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Conversion from prolonged intravenous fentanyl infusion to enteral methadone in critically ill children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2017年第2期6卷 110-117页

作者： Vijay Srinivasan Daniel pung Sean P O'Neill Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and PediatricsPerelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Department of Pharmacy Services Children’s Hospital of New Jersey at Newark Beth Israel Medical Center Office of Patient Safety and Quality the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

AIM To describe our institutional experience with conversion from intravenous(IV) fentanyl infusion directly to enteral methadone and occurrence of withdrawal in critically ill mechanically ventilated children exposed to prolonged sedation and analgesia.METHODS With Institutional Review Board approval,we retrospectively studied consecutively admitted invasively mechanically ventilated children(0-18 years) sedated with IV fentanyl infusion > 5 d and subsequently converted directly to enteral methadone.Data were obtained onsubject demographics,illness severity,daily IV fentanyl and enteral methadone dosing,time to complete conversion,withdrawal scores(WAT-1),pain scores,and need for rescue opioids.Patients were classified as rapid conversion group(RCG) if completely converted ≤ 48 h and slow conversion group(SCG) if completely converted in > 48 h.Primary outcome was difference in WAT-1 scores at 7 d.Secondary outcomes included differences in overall pain scores,and differences in daily rescue opioids.RESULTS Compared to SCG(n = 21),RCG(n = 21) had lower median WAT-1 scores at 7 d(2.5 vs 5,P = 0.027).Additionally,RCG had lower overall median pain scores(3 vs 6,P = 0.007),and required less median daily rescue opioids(3 vs 12,P = 0.003) than SCG.The starting daily median methadone dose was 2.3 times the daily median fentanyl dose in the RCG,compared to 1.1 times in the SCG(P = 0.049).CONCLUSION We observed wide variation in conversion from IV fentanyl infusion directly to enteral methadone and variability in withdrawal in critically ill mechanically ventilated children exposed to prolonged sedation.In those children who converted successfully from IV fentanyl infusion to enteral methadone within a period of 48 h,a methadone:fentanyl dose conversion ratio of approximately 2.5:1 was associated with less withdrawal and reduced need for rescue opioids.

关键词： Methadone Withdrawal Children Intensive care Prolonged opioid infusion

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Prostate cancer and chemoprevention by natural dietary phytochemicals

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第9期25卷 633-650页

作者： Asia Abed Al-Mahmood Limin Shu Hyuck Kim Christina Ramirez Douglas pung Yue Guo Wenji Li Ah-Ng Tony Kong Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiseatawayNJ08854USA Department of Pharmaceuties Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiseatawayNJ08854USA Center for Cancer Prevention Research Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ08854USA Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

Prostate cancer is the second leading cancer among men in the United States. Several studies have correlated the development of prostate cancer with diet and life-style. Therefore, a balanced diet and improved life style might inhibit prostate cancer progression. Cancer chemoprevention has emerged as an important factor in controlling cancer development through natural or synthetic compounds. Oxidative stress is among the factors contributing to prostate cancer development. The transcription factor nuclear factor(erythroid-derived 2)-like 2(Nrf2) controls detoxifying antioxidant enzymes expression by binding to the antioxidant response element(ARE) in the promoter of these genes to activate their expression. Many natural products can fight oxidative stress and protects cells from DNA damage by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. High consumption of fruits and vegetables can reduce disease incidence and invasive tumors. In this review, the roles of important fruit and vegetable phytochemicals in regulating prostate cancer progression and tumor growth are discussed.

关键词： Prostate cancer Phytochemicals Chemoprevention Nuclear factor(erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 Oxidative stress Antioxidant response element

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The role of APP in Alzheimer’s disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2013年第2期2卷 60-65页

作者： Leland pung Xingjun Wang Min Li Lei Xue Department of Interventional Radiology Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research School of Life Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most significant neurodegenerative disorders in terms of both severity and cost. Despite being defined over a century ago, there is currently no cure to this disease that affects an increasing elderly population. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been shown to play an important role in AD progression. The amyloid β peptide (Aβ), which accumulates in senile plaques, a central etiological AD factor, is a proteolytic product from APP by the enzymatic action of β- and γ-secretases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the processing and physiological functions of APP, and the involvement of APP and Aβ in AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease APP Aβ

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