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Polychronous automata and their use for formal validation of AADL models

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第4期13卷 677-697页

作者： thierry gautier Clement GUY Alexandre HONORAT Paul LE GUERNIC Jean-Pierre TALPIN Loic BESNARD Univ. Rennes Inria Rennes-Bretagne-Atlantique Research Centre F-35000 Rennes France Univ. Rennes CNRS IRISA F-35000 Rennes France

This paper investigates how state diagrams can be best represented in the polychronous model of computation (MoC) and proposes to use this model for code validation of behavior specifications in architecture analysis & design language (AADL). In this relational MoC, the basic objects are signals, which are related through dataflow equations. Signals are associated with logical clocks, which provide the capability to describe systems in which components obey multiple clock rates. We propose a model of finite-state automata, called polychronous automata, which is based on clock relationships. A specificity of this model is that an automaton is submitted to clock constraints, which allows one to specify a wide range of control-related configurations, being either reactive or restrictive with respect to their control environment. A semantic model is defined for these polychronous automata, which relies on boolean algebra of clocks. Based on a previously defined modeling method for AADL software architectures using the polychronous MoC, the proposed model is used as a formal model for the AADL behavior annex. This is illustrated with a case study involving an adaptive cruise control system.

关键词： architecture modeling formal semantics finitestate automaton polychronous model synchronous concurrency code generation AADL

Exploring system architectures in AADL via Polychrony and SynDEx

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第5期7卷 627-649页

作者： Huafeng YU Yue MA thierry gautier Loc BESNARD Jean-Pierre TALPIN Paul Le GUERNIC Yves SOREL INRIA Rennes-Bretagne Atlantique 263 av. du Général LeclercRennes 35042 France IRISA/CNRS 263 av. du Général LeclercRennes 35042 France INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt Domaine de VoluceauBP 105Le Chesnay Cedex 78153 France

Architecture analysis&design language(AADL)has been increasingly adopted in the design of embedded systems,and corresponding scheduling and formal verification have been well ***,little work takes code distribution and architecture exploration into account,particularly considering clock constraints,for distributed multi-processor *** this paper,we present an overview of our approach to handle these concerns,together with the associated toolchain,***,in order to avoid semantic ambiguities of AADL,the polychronous/multiclock semantics of AADL,based on a polychronous model of computation,is *** synthesis is then carried out in Polychrony,which bridges the gap between the polychronous semantics and the synchronous semantics of *** same timing semantics is always preserved in order to ensure the correctness of the transformations between diferent *** distribution and corresponding scheduling is carried out on the obtained SynDEx model in the last step,which enables the exploration of architectures originally specified in *** contribution provides a fast yet efcient architecture exploration approach for the design of distributed real-time and embedded *** avionic case study is used here to illustrate our approach.

关键词： Polychrony Signal AADL SynDEx architecture exploration modeling timing analysis scheduling distribution

Eating Disorders and Pregnancy: The Case of Anorexia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 353-373页

作者： Anne-Sophie gautier Psychiatrist/Child Psychiatrist CH Denain Denain France

The question of the link between pregnancy and eating disorders is an important question. At the moment, there are few concrete answers for these patients. Despite common fertility challenges, patients who suffer from ED are able to access maternity. ED and pregnancy can either have an easy evolution or experience a lot of trouble. Many studies describe obstetrical and foetal complications (low birthweight, inadequate intra-uterine growth, small head circumference, miscarriage, caesarean section). Those patients are frequently reluctant to address their disease with their specialist, who also often doesn’t know how to screen the signs. The lack of official data to train the specialists further increases these difficulties. However, ED are frequent in the general population and young patients are likely to eventually want to become mothers. It is thus essential to know how to screen those patients early and accurately to improve their treatment and care. Eating disorders impact the pregnancy, the delivery and the postpartum as well as the growth of the baby. It is an important public health problem. The evolution from being a woman to becoming a mother is a difficult one, and even more so when the women is suffering from ED. Those patients must handle their nutritional fears, the anxiety about their body changing with pregnancy and the daily challenges. The early interactions with their baby have consequences on their development. It seems necessary to evaluate how to improve the screening and the patient care in ED patients. Screening should begin from the pregnancy desire to the postpartum. This patient care should be based on a multidisciplinary care team.

关键词： Eating Disorders Anorexia Pregnancy Child Postpartum

APOBEC3G Role on HIV Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Abdoul Karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure Henri gautier Ouedraogo Seni Kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public Health Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

The highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) has allowed people living with HIV to live longer with a better quality of life. However, toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance arise from HAART use. Therefore, new antiretroviral therapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against HIV. Virus-host interaction has been proven to be important in the last decade. Host factors such as the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a receptor used by HIV to penetrate host cells, have led to the discovery of the Maraviroc, which is an antiretroviral medication used in the United States. In contrast, other factors like C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a potent host defense factor against HIV, is under investigation. APOBEC3G antiviral activity remains a possible therapeutic target against HIV. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the role of APOBEC3G polymorphisms and their expression on HIV infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar and searched for relevant publications in French or English reporting on APOBEC3G polymorphisms association with HIV infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of which seven were on APOBEC3G polymorphisms and eight were on APOBEC3G expression. Among the APOBEC3G polymorphisms, the most studied was H186R or rs8177832. The average of the minor allele frequency of H186R of APOBEC3G available for the studies included in this study was 0.29 with a 95% CI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. The polymorphism H186R was not associated with HIV status in Southern Africa. However, the referent allele of H186R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEC3G HIV Genetic Variation Therapeutic Target African Populations

Rabies by Dog Bites in Benin: Determinants of Good Knowledge of the Rabies Risk among Subjects Exposed in the Plateau Department in 2023

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 378-396页

作者： Benoit Sedegnon Agossoukpe Finagnon Armand Wanvoegbe Georgia Barikissou Ignace Coovi Nonwanou Tokpanoude Elvire Se Djossou Phinées Adegbola Gilchrist Mègnisse Orphé Laly Tagnon gautier Raphaël Gnonlonfoun Badirou Aguemon Public Health Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Cotonou National School of Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiology University of Parakou Parakou Benin Comlan Alfred Quenum Regional Institute of Public Health (IRSP-CAQ) Ouidah Benin ITM Antwerp Alumni (Institute of tropical medicine of Antwerp) Antwerp Belgium

Rabies, a viral zoonosis, is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that mainly affects poor and vulnerable populations. Human rabies is endemic in Benin. Although listed among the notifiable diseases, it nevertheless remains a neglected and under-reported disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the determinants of knowledge of rabies risk among subjects exposed to human rabies by dog bites in the Plateau department of Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim which involved a sample of 900 people aged at least 18 years old chosen randomly and residing in the Plateau department for at least six months. A pre-tested and validated digital questionnaire served as a data collection tool. Data analysis was done with R 3.4.1 software. The prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association. The confidence threshold was set at 5%. We carried out a multiple logistic regression using the likelihood ratio (top-down approach) in order to identify the main factors which influenced the good knowledge of human rabies in the population of Plateau. Results: In the study population, 80.89% of the subjects surveyed lived in a rural area. The sex ratio (Male/Female) was 1.11. The average age of the subjects was 40.24 ± 14.52 years. The prevalence of dog bites was 4.11% (95% CI = [3.00;5.63]) or 37 subjects bitten. After evaluation of knowledge of rabies risk in the study population, the main factors which positively influenced good knowledge of human rabies were age (p linear trend 0.01), residence of the subject in the municipality of Pobè (ORa = 8.34;95% CI = 0.83 - 1.23;p < 0.01), individual dwelling (ORa = 17.95;95% CI = 13.12 - 49.58;p < 0. 01), educational level of at least secondary (ORa = 5.53;CI 95 = 3.06 - 10.15;p = 0.01), the existence of a veterinary center (ORa = 3.66;CI 95 = 1.07 - 12.43 p = 0.01) and knowledge of a dog bites victim (ORa = 6.55;95% CI = 2.73 - 8.25;p < 0.01). Conclusion: This population study confirm

关键词： Rabies Determinants Knowledge Associated Factors Benin

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies among Drug Users in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 92-104页

作者： Sylvie Zida Kadari Cissé Odette Ky-Zerbo Dinanibè Kambiré Serge Théophile Soubeiga Simon Tiendrebéogo Fatou Sissoko Issa Sory Célestine Ki-Toé Solange Dioma Djeneba Zorom Adama Ouédraogo Cedric Dimitri Axon Hien Mahamoudou Sanou Seni Kouanda Henri gautier Ouédraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dé partement de G&eacuteographie Universit&eacute Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Secré tariat permanent du Conseil national de lutte contre le Sida et les IST (SP/CNLS-IST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Initiative Privé e et Communautaire pour la Sant&eacute et la Riposte au VIH/SIDA au Burkina Faso (IPC/BF) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&eacute (UFR-SDS) Universit&eacute Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The epidemiology of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among drug users (DUs) is little known in West Africa. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among drug users in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional biological and behavioral survey conducted between June and August 2022, among drug users in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso, the two main cities of Burkina Faso. A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit drug users. Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined using lateral flow rapid test kits and antibodies to hepatitis C virus in serum determined using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data were entered and analyzed using Stata 17 software. Weighted binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of hepatitis B and C infections and a p-value Results: A total of 323 drug users were recruited with 97.5% males. The mean age was 32.7 years old. The inhaled or smoked mode was the most used by drug users. The adjusted hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among study participants were 11.1% and 2.3% respectively. The marital status (p = 0.001), and the nationality (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with hepatitis B infection. The type of drug used was not significantly associated with hepatitis B infection or hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies among DUs are comparable to those reported in the general population in Burkina Faso. This result suggests that the main routes of contamination by HBV and HCV among DUs are similar to those in the population, and could be explained by the low use of the injectable route by DUs in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Drug Users Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Prevalence Burkina Faso

End-of-Life Decision making in circular economy using generalized colored stochastic Petri nets

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Autonomous Intelligent Systems 2022年第1期2卷 32-49页

作者： gautier Vanson Pascale Marangé Eric Levrat Universitéde Lorraine CRANUMR 7039Campus SciencesBP 70239Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy54506France

Circular economy enables to restore product value at the end of life *** no longer used or ***,the product life cycle is extended and this economy permits to reduce waste increase and resources *** are several revaluation options(reuse,remanufacturing,recycling,...).So,decisionmakers need to assess these options to determine which is the best ***,we will present a study about an End-Of-Life(EoL)decision making which aims to facilitate the industrialization of circular *** this,it is essential to consider all variables and parameters impacting the decision of the product trajectory.A first part of the work proposes to identify the variables and parameters impacting the decision making.A second part proposes an assessment approach based on a modeling by Generalized Colored Stochastic Petri Net(GCSPN)and on a Monte-Carlo *** approach developed is tested on an industrial example from the literature to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the *** first application showed the feasibility of the approach,and also the limits of the GCSPN modelling.

关键词： Circular economy Sustainability Decision making Generalized colored stochastic Petri net Monte-Carlo simulation

Bacteriological Profile of Effusion Fluids Infections at Charles De Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital from 2017 to 2020

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 146-163页

作者： Kambiré Dinanibè Ouédraogo Oumarou Tiendrebéogo Salam Tondé Issa Tamboura Mamadou Zida Sylvie Kpoda Dissinviel Sagna Tani Compaoré T. Rebeca Zouré Abdou-Azaque Soubeiga R. Serge Théophile Sawadogo Stanislas Ilboudo Maïmouna Rouamba Hortense Ouédraogo Wenkouni Henri gautier Ouédraogo-Traoré Rasmata Sanou Mahamoudou Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pdiatrique Charles De Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Ziniar Ziniar Burkina Faso Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit Ouaga 3S Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Mdical Urbain de Samandin Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Microbiology of effusion fluids in children in Burkina Faso is characterized by the scarcity of data. This work aimed to study the bacteriological and antibiotics susceptibility profile of bacteria involved in effusion fluid infections in paediatrics in order to improve the choice of probabilistic antibiotics therapy. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was used in children aged 0 to 15 years from 2017 to 2020 at the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Center (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Classical bacteriology methods such as macroscopy, Gram staining, identification galleries and antibiotics susceptibility testing were used. Results: Of 231 samples, 64 bacteria were isolated. The most common bacterial strains of pleural fluid were Staphylococcus aureus (25%) and 40% for Enterobacteriaceae. Of the peritoneal fluid, 77% were Enterobacteriaceae with 57% Escherichia coli;and from joint fluid, 33% were S. aureus and 22% for P. aeruginosa. The overall susceptibility profile showed 29% extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL), 10% methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and 8% carbapenemases. Conclusion: Bacteriological profile is characterized by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA. The most active antibiotics were macrolides, aminoglycosides, and cefoxitin (methicillin) for Gram-positive cocci, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides for Gram-negative bacilli. Then, the monitoring of antibiotics resistance must be permanent.

关键词： Bacteriological Profile Effusion Fluid Infections

Nanorocks, volatiles and plate tectonics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 202-214页

作者： gautier Nicoli Silvio Ferrero Institut für Geowissenschaften Universität Potsdam14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Museum für Naturkunde(MfN) Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions-und Biodiversitätsforschung10115 BerlinGermany

The global geological volatile cycle(H,C,N)plays an important role in the long term self-regulation of the Earth ***,the complex interaction between its deep,solid Earth components(*** and mantle),Earth’s fluid envelopes(*** and hydrosphere)and plate tectonic processes is a subject of ongoing *** this study we want to draw attention to how the presence of primary melt(MI)and fluid(FI)inclusions in high-grade metamorphic minerals could help constrain the crustal component of the volatile *** that end,we review the distribution of MI and FI throughout Earth’s history,from ca.3.0 Ga ago up to the present *** argue that the lower crust might constitute an important,longterm,volatile storage unit,capable to influence the composition of the surface envelopes through the mean of weathering,crustal thickening,partial melting and crustal assimilation during volcanic *** with thermodynamic modelling,our compilation indicates that periods of well-established plate tectonic regimes at<0.85 Ga and 1.7-2.1 Ga,might be more prone to the reworking of supracrustal lithologies and the storage of volatiles in the lower *** hypothesis has implication beyond the scope of metamorphic petrology as it potentially links geodynamic mechanisms to habitable surface *** and FI in metamorphic crustal rocks then represent an invaluable archive to assess and quantify the co-joint evolution of plate tectonics and Earth’s external processes.

关键词： Nanorocks Plate tectonics Volatiles Lower crust