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Osteocyte viability and bone density in cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis ameliorated with Pilostigma thonningii stem bark-extracted D-3-O-methy-chiroinositol

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 25-33页

作者： Edwin Aihanuwa Uwagie-Ero Clifford Nwabugwu Abiaezute Chinaka O.Nwaehujor theophilus Okafor Nnaji Eugene Amienwanlen Odigie Oyetunde Kazeem Ekeolu Ohiemi Benjamin Ocheja Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin Department of Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Department of Biochemistry College of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Department of Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin

Background : This study examined the ameliorative effect of D-3-O-methylchiroinositol, isolated from the stem bark of Piliostigma thonningii, on cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis in male Wistar rats. Methods : Thirty-six rats were assigned to three treatment groups(n = 12). Group A(2 mL distilled water), group B:(2.5 mg/kg b.w. CdCl_2) and group C:(2.5 mg/kg b.w. CdCl_2 and D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol 2 mg/kg b.w.). Bone ash, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, and zinc content, as well as bone histological changes were determined at the end of months 1, 2, and 3. Results : There were significant differences( P ≤ 0.05) in the weight of the cervical, tibia, and femoral bones in all groups. The serum concentration of CdCl_2 was significantly different across the three groups with time. There was significant variation( P in the mean bone ash across groups. The concentration of OH-proline was significantly different( P ignificant differences( P in bone calcium, magnesium, zinc, and phosphorus concentrations. Histology revealed high levels of bone mineralisation in the CdCl_2-treated group, indicative of osteoporosis with hypertrophied osteocytes, while the femur of Wistar rats treated with D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol showed bone trabeculae and viable osteocytes. Conclusion : The study concluded that D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol extract from Piliostigma thionningii stem bark ameliorated cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis in male Wistar rats.

关键词： cadmium chloride D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol osteocytes osteoporosis toxicity amelioration

Evaluating the Stability of indigenous Akwadum Soil with Cassava Peel Ash and Quarry Dust

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第12期4卷 48-55页

作者： Clement Nyamekye Samuel Anim Ofosu Alexander Fordjour theophilus Ayitey-Adjin Department of Civil Engineering Koforidua Technical University Koforidua Ghana

Cassava peels are produced as a waste from cassava, which are disposed into landfills. These become an environmental problem;therefore the use of cassava peel ash (CPA) as a soil stabilizer must be encouraged. This study investigates the effects of CPA and quarry dust (QD) on the engineering properties of Akwadum soil behavior, using compaction test, Atterberg limit, and California bearing ratio (CBR). These properties were compared with those of unstabilized soil (original) and soil stabilized with CPA and QD. The natural soil was obtained from a borrowed pit at Akwadum near Koforidua at an average depth of 0.8 m which is meant for road works. This soil sample was stabilized with CPA and QD at 5%, 10% and 20% respectively. The compaction, California bearing ratio and Atterberg limit test were performed on the stabilized soils to thoroughly evaluate them. The results indicate that increasing the percentage of CPA to the natural soil decreases the maximum dry density at increasing optimum water content. The addition of QD at higher percentage increases the maximum dry density at decreasing optimum water content. The results reveal that both QD and CPA improve the engineering properties of the soil with QD providing better results.

关键词： Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) Stabilization Quarry Dust (QD) CBR Atterberg Limit

Prediction of Dermal Permeability Coefficient of Nevirapine—Effect of Cosolvents, Anionic, Nonionic and Cationic Surfactants

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第7期7卷 283-289页

作者： Chika J. Mbah theophilus C. Onyekaba Agatha O. Uwakwe Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Delta State University Abraka Nigeria

Transdermal drug delivery not only has contributed immensely to medical practice, but has enjoyed enormous interest in the field of cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Nevirapine, a non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTi) is used clinically for the treatment of HiV‐ 1 infection. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of cosolvents (glycerol, propylene glycol, ethanol, polyethylene glycol 400) and surfactants (polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cholate and cetrimide) on the dermal permeability coefficient of nevirapine by utilizing established and recognized mathematical model that employs partition coefficient as one of its molecular descriptors. The partition coefficient of nevirapine is determined in chloroform-water system at room temperature using the shake flask method. The results show that all the cosolvents used in this study decrease the partition coefficient of nevirapine. The same decrease in the partition coefficient of nevirapine is observed with all the surfactants investigated. The order of dermal enhancement potential of the vehicles studied based on the predicted permeability coefficient is glycerol > propylene glycol > ethanol > polyethylene glycol 400 for the cosolvents while tween 20 > tween 80 > sodium lauryl sulfate > sodium cholate > cetrimide for the surfactants. The maximum predicted flux through skin was obtained by multiplying the predicted permeability coefficient and the drug aqueous solubility. As the rate of penetration into the skin is quantitatively assessed by the use of permeability coefficient, the findings suggest that for dermal formulation of nevirapine, glycerol and tween 20 are the most preferred vehicles out of the vehicles investigated. Furthermore, the results of the correlation coefficients obtained by plotting permeability coefficient or maximum predicted flux, versus logarithm partition coefficient indicate that permeability coefficient can be a more re

关键词： Cosolvents Surfactants Partition Coefficient Dermal Permeability Coefficient Nevirapine

An Exploratory Study into Social Cost Considerations in Ghanaian Construction industry

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2020年第1期8卷 14-29页

作者： James Cofie Danku theophilus Adjei-Kumi Bernard Kofi Baiden Kofi Agyekum Department of Construction Technology and Management Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana West Africa

Construction causative nuisances, inconveniences, interferences and disruptions to the routine economic and social life patterns of adjacent or neighboring communities are referred to as social cost. This study explores the understanding and level of consideration of social cost by construction professionals in Ghana. Relevant literature sources are reviewed to define, rationalize and classify social cost. The study used the survey approach with a set of questionnaires addressed to construction contractors and professionals to gather the data. it was realized that not much consideration is given to social cost at the tender stage of the construction process. The five factors hindering social cost inclusion in tendering are “difficulty in allocating social costs”, “governmental interferences”, “lack of historical data”, “lack of appreciation of social costs” and “low stakeholder agitation”. The paper advocated for integration of social cost into the tendering process. The study will serve as a foundation to design a social cost assessment system at the pre-contract stage.

关键词： Social Cost Construction industry Construction Professionals Community Ghana

Differential Effects of Dietary Lipids on Growth Performance, Digestibility, Fatty Acid Composition and Histology of African Catfish (Heterobranchus longifilis) Fingerlings

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第1期2卷 11-21页

作者： theophilus Olayiwola Babalola David Friday Apata James Sunday Omotosho Musibau Ayinde Adebayo 不详

The present study was performed to investigate the influence of fish oil (FO), two terrestrial animal fats (lard (PL) and poultry oil (CF)) and three vegetable oils (palm kernel (PKO), sheabutter (SBO) and sunflower (SFO)) as the dietary lipid sources on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fatty acid (FA) composition and histology of Hetero-branchus longifilis. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing 6% of added fat from the lipid sources were formulated and used. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish. The lipid source influenced (P ight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index and nutrient digestibility. Liver morphology of H. longifilis fed CF showed intense steatosis with hepatocytes containing numerous lipid vacuoles. However, fish fed PKO and SFO showed regular-shaped hepatocytes with few lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Fillet FA profile of fish fed PKO, SBO, PL and CF diets had significantly higher (P ions of SFA and MUFA, but lower PUFA com-pared to fish fed FO and SFO diets. Fillet of fish fed the FO diet had higher (P ions of EPA and DHA compared with fish fed the other diets. The results of this study shows that alternative lipids sources could be used in H. longifilis diets however, inclusion of PKO or SBO in the diet of H. longifilis produced fillets with low concentrations of long chain n-3 PUFA.

关键词： Growth Performance Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Heterobranchus longifilis Histology

Climate Change and Adaptation in Nigeria:Some Background to Nigeria’s Response-Ⅲ

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Climate Change and Adaptation in Nigeria:Some Background to ...

BFMT： A Simple Biometric Facial Recognition System

international Conference on Environmental and Agriculture Engineering（iCEAE 2011）

作者： Francis A.Adesina theophilus O.Odekunle Department of Geography Obafemi Awolowo University

This concluding part of the larger paper evaluates some aspects of the Nigeria’s vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and discusses potential adaptation strategies that can help in coping with or reducing the impacts of the change in the agriculture and forestry sectors. The vulnerabilities of the various parts of the country were computed, using a wide range of socio-economic parameters and physical environmental factors. The results show that there had been important variability in the rainfall and temperature regimes which ‘expose’ the country to severe impacts of climate change. The vulnerability assessment further shows that the country’s resilience to climate change impact is very weak especially in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. Considering the nature of the vulnerabilities, the paper proposed a number of adaptation strategies mainly in the Agriculture and Forestry sectors. The paper concludes that development and implementation of appropriate policy instrument will be important in ensuring that the country effectively addresses its adaptation challenges.

关键词： Nigeria climate change vulnerability adaptation exposure forestry agriculture.

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Computer Technology and Application 2011年第8期2卷 579-590页

作者： Gene R. Brown Murray E. Jennex theophilus B.A. Addo On Assignment Inc. 9095 Rio San Diego Drive Suite 300 San Diego CA 92108 USA Management information Systems Department College of Business Administration San Diego State University San Diego CA 92182 USA

This study describes the development of a simple biometric facial recognition system, BFMT, which is designed for use in identifying individuals within a given population. The system is based on digital signatures derived from facial images of human subjects. The results of the study demonstrate that a particular set of facial features from a simple two-dimensional image can yield a unique digital signature which can be used to identify a subject from a limited population within a controlled environment. The simplicity of the model upon which the system is based can result in commercial facial recognition systems that are more cost-effective to develop than those currently on the market.

关键词：面部识别系统生物识别数字签名面部图像二维图像成本效益

Enucleation of a Giant Prostatic Hyperplasia in Ghana: A Case Report and Mini Literature Review

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第12期7卷 583-593页

作者： Alexander K. Egote Paul Poku Sampene Ossei John Taylor theophilus Bortier Department of Surgery Urology Unit Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital Sunyani Ghana Department of Pathology School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Herein we report a patient with a prostatic hyperplasia weighing exactly 700 g which was successfully removed at the Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital theatre in Ghana by Pfannesteil Transvesical Simple Prostatectomy. A prostatic hyperplasia of enormous size is very uncommon and to the best of our knowledge, only ten of such cases have been previously reported. The case report presented here constitutes the eleventh heaviest prostate reported in medical literature and also forms the first case report of giant prostatic hyperplasia from Ghana.

关键词： Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatectomy Transvesical Case Report

Post-colonoscopy diverticulitis:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2021年第3期13卷 82-89页

作者： Zi Qin Ng Jih Huei Tan Henry Chor Lip Tan Mary theophilus Department of General Surgery St John of God Midland HospitalMidland 6056Western AustraliaAustralia Department of General Surgery Hospital Sultanah AminahJohor Bahru 80100JohorMalaysia Curtin Medical School Curtin UniversityBentley 6102Western AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUND Post-colonoscopy diverticulitis is increasingly recognized as a potential ***,the evidence is sparse in the *** To systematically review all available evidence to describe the incidence,clinical course with management and propose a *** The databases PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched using with the keywords up to June *** manual search was performed and cross-checked for additional *** collected included demographics,reason for colonoscopy,time to diagnosis,method of diagnosis(clinical vs imaging)and management *** A total of nine studies were included in the final systematic review with a total of 339 *** time to diagnosis post-colonoscopy ranged from 2 h to 30 *** presentation for these patients were non-specific including abdominal pain,nausea/vomiting,per rectal bleeding and chills/*** of the cases were diagnosed based on computed tomography *** management for these patients were similar to the usual patients presenting with diverticulitis where most resolve with non-operative intervention(i.e.,antibiotics and bowel rest).CONCLUSiON The entity of post-colonoscopy diverticulitis remains contentious where there is a wide duration post-procedure *** of whether this is a true complication post-colonoscopy or a de novo event,early diagnosis is vital to guide appropriate *** prospective studies especially registries should include this as a complication to try to capture the true incidence.

关键词： Colonoscopy Diverticulitis Complication Management Antibiotics Surgery