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Cirrhosis in children and adolescents: An overview

World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 392-405页

作者： Raquel Borges Pinto Ana Claudia Reis Schneider themis reverbel da silveira Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Hospital da Crianca Conceicao Porto Alegre 91340 480 Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90040-060 Brazil.

Several conditions, especially chronic liver diseases, can lead to cirrhosis in children and adolescents. Most cases in clinical practice are caused by similar etiologies. In infants, cirrhosis is most often caused by biliary atresia and genetic-metabolic diseases, while in older children, it tends to result from autoimmune hepatitis,Wilson's disease, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The symptoms of cirrhosis in children and adolescents are similar to those of adults. However, in pediatric patients, the first sign of cirrhosis is often poor weight gain. The complications of pediatric cirrhosis are similar to those observed in adult patients, and include gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastroesophageal varices, ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In pediatric patients, special attention should be paid to the nutritional alterations caused by cirrhosis, since children and adolescents have higher nutritional requirements for growth and development. Children and adolescents with chronic cholestasis are at risk for several nutritional deficiencies. Malnutrition can have severe consequences for both pre- and post-liver transplant patients. The treatment of cirrhosis-induced portal hypertension in children and adolescents is mostly based on methods developed for adults. The present article will review the diagnostic and differential diagnostic aspects of end-stage liver disease in children, as well as the major treatment options for this condition.

关键词： Cirrhosis Liver diseases Nutrition Pediatric patients Portal hypertension

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Chronic exposure to ethanol causes steatosis and inflammation in zebrafish liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第8期9卷 418-426页

作者： Ana Claudia Reis Schneider Cleandra Gregório Carolina Uribe-Cruz Ranieli Guizzo Tais Malysz Maria Cristina Faccioni-Heuser Larisse Longo themis reverbel da silveira La-boratório Experimental de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Programa de Pós- Graduacao em Ciências Médicas Gastroenterologia e HepatologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Genética e Biologia Molecular(UFRGS) Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde(UFRGS) Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas(UFRGS) Centro de Microscopia Eletronica(UFRGS)

AIM To evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to ethanol in the liver and the expression of inflammatory genesin *** Zebrafish(n = 104),wild type,adult,male and female,were divided into two groups:Control and ethanol(0.05 v/v).The ethanol was directly added into water;tanks water were changed every two days and the ethanol *** animals were fed twice a day with fish food until *** two and four weeks of trial,livers were dissected,histological analysis(hematoxilineosin and Oil Red staining) and gene expression assessment of adiponectin,adiponectin receptor 2(adipor2),sirtuin-1(sirt-1),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(tnf-a),interleukin-1b(il-1b) and interleukin-10(il-10) were *** evaluations were conducted at fourth *** Exposing zebrafish to 0.5% ethanol developed intense liver steatosis after four weeks,as demonstrated by oil red *** ethanol-treated animals,the main ultrastructural changes were related to cytoplasmic lipid particles and droplets,increased number of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns and glycogen *** two and four weeks,hepatic mR NA expression of il-1b,sirt-1 and adipor2 were upregulated,indicating that ethanol triggered signaling molecules which are key elements in both hepatic inflammatory and protective *** was not detected in the liver of animals exposed and not exposed to ethanol,and il-10 did not show significant *** data suggest that inflammatory signaling and ultrastructural alterations play a significant role during hepatic steatosis in zebrafish chronically exposed to ethanol.

关键词： Ethanol Hepatic steatosis Inflammation Zebrafish Alcoholic fatty liver

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Gut dysbiosis and systemic inflammation promote cardiomyocyte abnormalities in an experimental model of steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第12期13卷 2052-2070页

作者： Larisse Longo Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto Eduardo Filippi-Chiela Valessa Emanoele Gabriel de Souza Fernando Salvati Carlos Thadeu Cerski themis reverbel da silveira Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Mário ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501-970Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Experimental Research Center Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil School of Medicine Instituto Meridional de Educação-IMEDPasso Fundo 99070-220Rio Grande do SulBrazil Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Gastroenterology(LIM07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease,and gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with both of *** To assess the relationship between gut dysbiosis and cardiovascular risk(CVR)in an experimental model of *** Adult male Sprague-dawley rats were randomized to a control group(n=10)fed a standard diet and an intervention group(n=10)fed a high-fat choline-deficient diet for 16 ***,molecular,hepatic,and cardiac *** microbiota variables were *** The intervention group had a significantly higher atherogenic coefficient,Castelli’s risk index(CRI)-I and CRI-II,interleukin-1β,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(all Pdant in intervention group and were significantly correlated with markers of liver injury and *** The study found a link between gut dysbiosis and significant cardiomyocyte abnormalities in animals with steatohepatitis.

关键词： Animal model Cardiovascular diseases Gut microbiota Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Predicted lipid metabolism Risk cardiovascular Steatohepatitis

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