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Emergence and Development of Health Risk Communication Networks Among Street-Level Health Bureaucrats During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis in Myanmar

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 507-520页

作者： thein myomin Seunghoo Lim Public Management and Policy Analysis Program Graduate School of International RelationsInternational University of JapanMinamiuonumaNiigata 949-7277Japan

Street-level health bureaucrats have actively contributed to implementing the COVID-19 prevention,control,and treatment policies of the Myanmar ***,the need for bureaucrats on the frontlines of policy implementation to maintain a safe distance from others to prevent the spread of COVID-19 has posed challenges for the sharing and exchange of information related to health *** this context,this study examined what health risk communication patterns have emerged and developed among streetlevel health bureaucrats during the COVID-19 pandemic,and how this risk communication has been affected by streetlevel health bureaucrats'perceptions of client meaningfulness and willingness to implement COVID-19 *** results reveal that street-level health bureaucrats in the health risk communication network are embedded in reciprocally or transitively connected discussion relationships that sustain their health risk communication over ***,when specific healthcare staffmembers perceive more benefits of COVID-19 policies for their patients and are more willing to care for patients,other healthcare staffavoid them to protect themselves from COVID-19 *** to their higher level of understanding of the adopted measures,healthcare staffmembers who are highly willing to implement COVID-19 policies are frequently approached by other staffmembers to communicate about COVID-19 *** study empirically contributes to the literature on street-level bureaucrats in times of pandemic crisis by examining the formation of health risk communications in the context of street-level health bureaucrats'responses to and participation in public healthcare policy implementation processes.

关键词： Client meaningfulness COVID-19 crisis Health risk communication Social network analysis Street-level bureaucrats Willingness to implement policy

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Availability Analysis of Application Servers Using Software Rejuvenation and Virtualization

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 339-346页

作者： Thandar thein Jong Sou Park Department Korea Aerospace University

Demands on software reliability and availability have increased tremendously due to the nature of present day applications. We focus on the aspect of software for the high availability of application servers since the unavailability of servers more often originates from software faults rather than hardware faults. The software rejuvenation technique has been widely used to avoid the occurrence of unplanned failures, mainly due to the phenomena of software aging or caused by transient failures. In this paper, first we present a new way of using the virtual machine based software rejuvenation named VMSR to offer high availability for application server systems. Second we model a single physical server which is used to host multiple virtual machines （VMs） with the VMSR framework using stochastic modeling and evaluate it through both numerical analysis and SHARPE （Symbolic Hierarchical Automated Reliability and Performance Evaluator） tool simulation. This VMSR model is very general and can capture application server characteristics, failure behavior, and performability measures. Our results demonstrate that VMSR approach is a practical way to ensure uninterrupted availability and to optimize performance for aging applications.

关键词： availability modeling software aging software rejuvenation virtual machine

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Forest insect assemblages attracted to light trap on two high mountains(Mt. Jirisan and Mt. Hallasan) in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1203-1210页

作者： Pyae Pyae thein Sei-Woong Choi Department of Environmental Education Mokpo National University

Assemblages of forest insects across two high mountains （Mt. Hallasan： JJ and Mt. Jirisan： JR） in South Korea were compared by collecting insects using an ultraviolet light trap at 20 sites （200-1700 m elevation ranges） from May to October 2013. A total of 2960 individuals, representing 481 species of 10 orders, were collected on JJ, compared with 7080 individuals representing 769 species of 14 orders on JR. The estimated number of species on JJ was 667 compared with 952 on JR. The differentiation among habitats （[3-diversity） was higher on JJ （4.95） than JR （4.33） because of the island characteris- tics of JJ. Six insect orders （Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera and Trichoptera） were dominant on both mountains, suggesting that the light trap captures represented well the insect fauna and is an effective method for investigating forest insect diversity. We concluded that forest insect assemblages on mountains are mainly affected by the elevation and the dominant forest in each elevation. In addition, the insect fauna on each mountain was differentiated by the habitat, which could be correlated with geological history.

关键词： Island Mainland Species richness Abundance - Nocturnal insects

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Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.TOLUWALOJU C.K.thein D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

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Primary esophageal diffuse large B cell lymphoma presenting with tracheoesophageal fistula: A rare case and review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 431-435页

作者： Jirapat Teerakanok Judy Park DeWitt Edna Juarez Kyaw Zin thein Irfan Warraich Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Department of Pathology Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the esophagus are rare. Tracheoesophageal fistulas mainly arise from solid esophageal carcinoma or mediastinal malignancies. Our patient presented with cough, dysphagia and weight loss, and upon initial computed tomography imaging and esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a malignant mass in the middle third of esophagus with tracheoesophageal fistula was found. The location of the mass and presence of malignant tracheoesophageal fistula were strongly suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma. However, tumor biopsy revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This case report details a rare incident of a primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presented as tracheoesophageal fistula and reviews previous literature.

关键词： Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Tracheoesophageal fistula Esophageal cancer Esophageal lymphoma

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基于SP调查的缅甸仰光市居民收入对其出行方式选择的影响研究(英文)

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2008年第4期8卷 49-62页

作者：张峻屹藤原章正 Soe thein 广岛大学国际发展与协作学院仰光市城市发展委员会道路与桥梁工程部

对于缅甸的仰光市而言,鉴于其新的快速轨道交通系统对于缓解城市现在以及将来的交通压力方面的作用,本文将依据SP调查数据对其居民出行方式选择行为进行研究.与发达国家相比,由于发展中国家诸如收入等社会经济环境因素变化相对较快,这... 详细信息

对于缅甸的仰光市而言,鉴于其新的快速轨道交通系统对于缓解城市现在以及将来的交通压力方面的作用,本文将依据SP调查数据对其居民出行方式选择行为进行研究.与发达国家相比,由于发展中国家诸如收入等社会经济环境因素变化相对较快,这就要求我们无论在调查方法还是模型构造上都要反映出这种交通行为决定因素的影响.因此,此次SP调查首先在设计上就反映出了将来的收入以及其他服务水平属性变化的影响;同时,也相应地进行了RP调查.接下来,要对一个RP/SP相结合的交通方式选择模型进行标定;在这个模型中,出行时间和费用的参数被分别定义为将来收入的函数.此次SP(以及RP)调查选在仰光市的一个住宅区进行,时间是2003年3月.调查结果显示,与其他交通方式相比较,被调查的人对新的快速轨道交通系统显示出了极大的偏爱.利用调查上来的数据,本文对所提出的模型结构的有效性进行了验证.另外,模型对将来的模拟分析结果显示:随着收入的增加,将来仰光市小汽车的使用将有一个很大的增加,而新的快速轨道交通系统的利用将因此减少.

关键词：背景依赖叙述性偏好调查 RP/SP联合模型方式选择

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Participation of private general practitioners in disease management of malaria in Myanmar

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 71-76页

作者： thein Tun Zaw Win Tun Hla Soe Tint Khin Lin Thar Tun Kyaw Moe Kyaw Myint Department of Medical Research(Upper Myanmar) AnisakhanPyin Oo Lwin 05062Mandalay DivisionMyanmar VBDC Divisional Office 35th StreetMandalayMyanmar

Objective:Myanmar has been trying to improve the disease management of malaria through public health services. The involvement of private general practitioners(GPs) is recognized as one of the key contributory issues in malaria control,but no one has yet made an attempt to study the efficiency of their *** study aimed to assess the participation of GPs in improvement of disease ***:The study was conducted with all 32 GPs practicing at three randomly selected townships with high malaria load situated in Upper Myanmar from June 2006 to March 2007 using a pretest-posttest design to assess their knowledge of the disease management prior to and after *** intervention package consisted of a one-day workshop on diagnosis and treatment of malaria and the supply of facilities for *** filled in before and after tests were compared to assess the change of knowledge after the *** and treatment practice during the study period was analysed by review of registers kept by GPs,together with a follow-up survey of their patients for the reliability of ***:An overall improvement of knowledge was observed and significant changes were apparent for three variables:the criteria for referral of severe malaria,the effect of incomplete treatment and recommended treatment of Plasmodium ***-test results showed that only 65.6%of GPs perceived microscopy or Rapid Diagnostic Test kits(RDTs) for confirmation of malaria necessary,while only 15.6%and 40.6%of the GPs knew the recommended treatments of falciparum and vivax malaria,respectively. However,after intervention 92%of the patients were diagnosed as malaria by RDTs and 3%by microscopy throughout the *** GPs prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACTs) to 95%of confirmed falciparum cases and treated 82.4%of RDT confirmed falciparum negatives with chloroquine and *** with our study,an international NGO,Population Service In

关键词： Malaria Myanmar Private health services Disease management Private general practitioners

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不同播期、烧堆措施和定期喷药在缅甸马铃薯晚疫病综合防治中的作用(英文)

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河北农业大学学报 2001年第2期24卷 27-31页

作者： Maung Maung Myint thein Su San thein Yezin农业大学植物病理系缅甸 Yangon甘蔗企业

调查在农民田和缅甸山州农业试验农场山区进行 ,根据病害测报评价定期用药、播期、烧堆措施在马铃薯晚疫病综合防治中的效果。试验 1的结果表明 ,在未施药的不同播期小区晚疫病严重 ,而施达克尼尔的小区病情明显轻。在试验 2中 ,Wallin... 详细信息

调查在农民田和缅甸山州农业试验农场山区进行 ,根据病害测报评价定期用药、播期、烧堆措施在马铃薯晚疫病综合防治中的效果。试验 1的结果表明 ,在未施药的不同播期小区晚疫病严重 ,而施达克尼尔的小区病情明显轻。在试验 2中 ,Wallin’s测报系统准确地预测马铃薯晚疫病的初发生期 ,并建议开始施药。.降雨量 12 .7mm时施药比每周定期施药更有效。不同施药处理比不施药的对照增产 30 .1%～ 6 2 .2 %。病害造成的产量损失 2 3 1%～ 38 3%。烧堆措施对防治晚疫病无效 ,不过可增产 39.2 %。

关键词：马铃薯晚疫病产量损失化学防治测报播期烧堆措施缅甸

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Geochemical element balance during tropical weathering. Hercynian Rheinisches Schiefergebirge (Germany): a case study

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Journal of Geoscientific Research in Northeast Asia 2005年第1期8卷 48-52页

作者： Jean thein Matthias Stoffels Geological Institute Bonn University D-53115 BonnGermany

IntroductionThe Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, the northern,non metamorphic part of the Hercynian orogen in Middle Europe is one of the most excellent examples of a stable continental area, deeply weathered under a trop... 详细信息

关键词：热带天气地球化学元素海西期德国

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The contribution of a non-governmental organisation’s Community Based Tuberculosis Care Programme to case finding in Myanmar:trend over time

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 449-454页

作者： Htet Myet Win Maung Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khogali Anthony Reid Nguyen Binh Hoa Ko Ko Zaw Saw thein Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Programme Ministry of Health and SportsZabuthiri townshipPostcode 15011 Nay Pyi TawMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research UnitMSF-LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme HanoiVietnam Centre for Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance

Background:It is estimated that the standard,passive case finding(PCF)strategy for detecting cases of tuberculosis(TB)in Myanmar has not been successful:26%of cases are ***,alternative strategies,such as active case finding(ACF)by community volunteers,have been initiated since *** study aimed to assess the contribution of a Community Based TB Care Programme(CBTC)by local non-government organizations(NGOs)to TB case finding in Myanmar over 4 ***:This was a descriptive study using routine,monitoring *** data from the NGOs were sent to a central registry within the National TB Programme and data for this study were extracted from that *** from all 84 project townships in five regions and three states in Myanmar were *** project was launched in ***:Over time,the number of presumptive TB cases that were referred decreased,except in the Yangon Region,although in some areas,the numbers *** the same time,there was a trend for the proportion of cases treated,compared to those referred,that decreased over time(P=0.051).Overall,among 84 townships,the contribution of CBTC to total case detection deceased from 6%to 4%over time(P<0.001).Conclusions:Contrary to expectations and evidence from previous studies in other countries,a concerning reduction in TB case finding by local NGO volunteer networks in several areas in Myanmar was recorded over 4 *** suggests that measures to support the volunteer network and improve its performance are *** may include discussion with local NGOs human resources personnel,incentives for the volunteers,closer supervision of volunteers and improved monitoring and evaluation tools.

关键词： Operational research Community based tuberculosis care Contribution SORT IT

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