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Tissue engineering for neuromuscular disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6918-6925页

作者： Kenneth L koch Khalil N Bitar John E Fortunato Khalil N Bitar Section on Gastroenterol-ogy Department of Medicine Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Winston-Salem NC 27101 United States Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-Salem NC 27101United States

The digestive tract is designed for the optimal processing of food that nourishes all organ *** esophagus,stomach,small bowel,and colon are sophisticated neuromuscular tubes with specialized sphincters that transport ingested food-stuffs from one region to *** contractions move ingested solids and liquids from the esophagus into the stomach;the stomach mixes the ingested nutrients into chyme and empties chyme from the stomach into the *** to-and-fro movement of the small bowel maximizes absorption of fat,protein,and *** contractions are necessary for colon function and defecation.

关键词： Neuromuscular disorders Gastrointestinal tract Dysfunction Esophagus Stomach Small bowel Colon

Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir, China: A holistic assessment of organic pollution, mutagenic effects of sediments and genotoxic impacts on fish

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期27卷 63-82页

作者： Tilman Floehr Bj?rn Scholz-Starke Hongxia Xiao Josef koch Lingling Wu Junli Hou Anja Wolf Axel Bergmann Kerstin Bluhm Xingzhong Yuan Martina Ro?-Nickoll Andreas Sch?ffer Henner Hollert Department of Ecosystem Analysis Institute for Environmental ResearchRWTH Aachen University Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of EducationTongji University East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute IWW Rhenish-Westfalian Institute for Water Research Institute for Applied Geosciences Technische Universit?t Darmstadt College of Resources and Environmental Science Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Research Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing University

Besides obvious benefits,the Three Gorges Dam＇s construction resulted in new pollution scenarios with the potentials to threaten the Three Gorges Reservoir（TGR） *** order to record organic contamination,to find links to ecotoxicological impacts and to serve as reference for ensuing monitoring,several sites in the TGR area were screened applying the triad approach with additional lines-of-evidence as a holistic assessment *** and the benthic fish species Pelteobagrus vachellii were sampled in 2011 and 2012 to determine organic pollution levels,mutagenic potentials and genotoxic *** regional hot-spots near the cities of Chongqing and Kaixian were identified and further investigated in *** polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） could be detected in sediments in 2011（165-1653 ng/g）,emphasizing their roles as key pollutants of the *** ubiquity was confirmed at Chongqing（150-433 ng/g） and Kaixian（127-590 ng/g） *** were comparable to other major Chinese and German ***,the immense sediment influx suggested a deposition of 216-636 kg PAH/day（0.2-0.6 mg PAH/（m2·day））,indicating an ecotoxicological *** source analysis highlighted primary impacts of combustion sources on the more industrialized upper TGR section,whereas petrogenic sources dominated the mid-low ***,sediment extracts from several sites exhibited significant activities of frameshift promutagens in the Ames fluctuation ***,significant genotoxic impairments in erythrocytes of *** were detected（Chongqing/Kaixian）,demonstrating the relevance of genotoxicity as animportant mode of action in the TGR＇s ***,their derivatives and non-target compounds are considered as main causative agents.

关键词： Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir Triad approach Sediment Fish Mutagenicity Genotoxicity PAH

Planning and design of a green city in Kaixian for population relocation of Three Gorges Project

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Journal of Chongqing University 2008年第4期7卷 254-260页

作者：曾卫蒋家龙 John koch-SCHULTE Neol LEE Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing University University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada

We describe the green space system planning and design of a new Kaixian City for migrants in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of *** goal of the project was to provide a high quality settlement for migrants relocated from the old Kaixian City that had a history of over one thousand years and from other places with different traditional *** efforts focused on conceiving affordable strategies to increase green areas,improve waterfront landscapes,deal with water level fluctuation,integrate diverse folk cultures,and encourage bicycling as an environmentally-friendly form of urban *** new city is anticipated to benefit from the green space systems with an improved eco-environment,enriched tourism resources,cheap landscaping costs,relief from traffic pressure,and in other *** planning philosophies employed could be useful in the engineering and construction of other cities in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

关键词： city planning green space system Kaixian Three Gorges Reservoir

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第13期5卷 799-810页

作者： Robert Bendavid Wendy Lou Andreas koch Vladimir Iakovlev Day Surgery and Hernia Center Cottbus Germany Department of Biostatistics Dalla Lan School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute Division of Pathology St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Canada Shouldice Hospital Thornhill Canada

Purpose: The ubiquitous use of synthetic materials in hernia surgery has brought about a new clinical syndrome: Surreptitious Irreversible Neuralgia (SIN). It is surreptitious because it is of slow onset, unsuspected and enigmatic to clinicians;irreversible because the pain is progressive, unrelenting and unresponsive to treatment. Removal of the mesh does not guarantee pain relief. Neuralgia following mesh insertion, when it occurs, remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Methods: Ten specimens in each group: virgin tissue, scar tissue and explanted mesh from the posterior inguinal wall were examined histologically to assess nerve density, nerve size and nerve and vessel ingrowth into the deformed mesh and within its pores. Results: There was no significant difference in nerve density between virgin, scar and mesh samples. All of the explanted meshes had nerves within the scar tissue encasing the mesh (interstitial infiltration). Nerve ingrowth through the pores of the mesh (micro-entrapment) was detected in 90% of the explanted mesh specimens. Additionally, nerves were detected entrapped within the folds and deformations of mesh explants. Ingrown vessels showed congestion and focal fibrin thrombi. Conclusion: The presence of mesh does not significantly affect nerve density, while the nerves and their terminal ends are in a vulnerable position about the mesh and within its pores. These pores need to be viewed as “mini-compartments” of biological tissue where the vasculature, nerves and their receptors are exposed to potential mechanical and chemical factors: scarring, entrapment, compression, tugging, deformation, contraction, hypoxia/acidosis, inflammation and edema.

关键词： Polypropylene Mesh Mesh Pores Hernia Pain Nerves SIN Syndrome

科学实验室及实践考试表现——以南苏丹朱巴中学生为个案

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科学实验室及实践考试表现——以南苏丹朱巴中学生为个案

作者： Ajith koch Goch Deng 东北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

While the use of laboratories has already been a part of science instruction for over two hundred years,in the late 1970’s a number of science educators began questioning what had been up to that point a widely held belief that the case for laboratories was *** said,many teachers and researchers – especially those holding constructivist views,because the study was guided by constructivism theory,the students’ have maintained their belief in the centrality of the practical and the laboratories in which they often take place in science education,and have focused their attention on how to ensure that laboratory has impact on student practical exam results in public secondary schools in Juba,South *** study questions were posed:to extents do science students use the lab?,What is the difference between students who utilized well-equipped laboratories and students who utilized less-equipped laboratories in terms of science practical performance? and last question was What is the different between the extent of use of laboratories and students’ science a quantitative method was used with a survey adapted from an instrument developed by John Thiongo Mwangi（2016）with 400 participants [300 students and 100 teachers].SPSS（Statistical package for social science）was used to analyze the *** results indicated that there was a different in frequency of using laboratory in selected schools,four schools were considered well-equipped and sixth were less equipped based on Sudan curriculum,there is a strong correlation between four factors [level of equipment,qualifications and experience of staff,time given for practical,and access to equipment].The study implicated that the use of laboratory has impact on students’ performance in practical exam and the study suggested that the schools should employ qualified technician teacher,and the Ministry of Education should improve the science laboratories in public secondary schools in South Sudan by facilitating ev

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电力变压器微水在线测量的先进方法

华东电力 2007年第C期35卷 154-164页

作者： Maik koch Stefan Tenbohlen Tobias Stirl 德国斯图加特大学阿海珐德国工程技术有限公司

研究了测量变压器油-纸绝缘的电力变压器中水含量的新方法。微水的扩散和平衡是和潜在的水分有关。比较了测量变压器内纸绝缘中水含量的各种方法。微水平衡图的常规应用会导致错误的结果，因此，创建了改成以微水吸收量和相关材料老化... 详细信息

研究了测量变压器油-纸绝缘的电力变压器中水含量的新方法。微水的扩散和平衡是和潜在的水分有关。比较了测量变压器内纸绝缘中水含量的各种方法。微水平衡图的常规应用会导致错误的结果，因此，创建了改成以微水吸收量和相关材料老化参数的微水平衡图。使用变压器油中的相对湿度来绘制微水平衡图先进的表示法，产生了比较好的效果。此外，按变压器油和绝缘材料中的活跃的水分来确定湿度，能提供方便、精确和连续的测量，并且直接反映变压器油-纸绝缘中的水分的破坏性潜力。这些均可在在线系统中显示出来。

关键词：老化湿度测量监控微水油-纸绝缘电力变压器

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患Ⅱ型脊肌萎缩的儿童上肢的肌力和功能

国外医学（物理医学与康复学分册） 1992年第4期12卷 171-174,170页

作者： koch BM 宋显光

本文调查的中心点是患Ⅱ型脊肌萎缩(SMAⅡ)的儿童人群中上肢肌力和功能的情况。首要目标是证明上肢远端肌肉作为手功能、一般ADL 和运动的主要力源是怎样起作用的。另一目标是描述SMAⅡ的自然史。尽管已讨论过其他神经肌肉疾病时手的肌... 详细信息

本文调查的中心点是患Ⅱ型脊肌萎缩(SMAⅡ)的儿童人群中上肢肌力和功能的情况。首要目标是证明上肢远端肌肉作为手功能、一般ADL 和运动的主要力源是怎样起作用的。另一目标是描述SMAⅡ的自然史。尽管已讨论过其他神经肌肉疾病时手的肌力和作用,但患SMAⅡ的儿童的腕部和手部无力的残疾则尚未被研究。两项调查发现,在SMA 病人中,肢体近端的肌力总是强于远端,在有些轻型病人中,甚至没有上臂的肌力减退。

关键词：脊肌肌萎缩儿童上肢肌力功能

Polyphase Filter Banks for Embedded Sample Rate Changes in Digital Radio Front-Ends

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ZTE Communications 2011年第4期9卷 3-9页

作者： Mehmood Awan Yannick Le Moullec Peter koch Fred Harris Technology Platforms Section Dept. of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Denmark Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering San Diego State UniversityCA USA

This paper presents efficient processing engines for software-defined radio （SDR） front-ends. These engines, based on a polyphase channelizer, perform arbitrary sample-rate changes, frequency selection, and bandwidth control. This paper presents an M-path polyphase filter bank based on a modified N-path polyphase filter. Such a system allows resampling by arbitrary ratios while performing baseband aliasing from center frequencies at Nyquist zones that are not multiples of the output sample rate. This resampling technique is based on sliding cyclic data load interacting with cyclic-shifted coefficients. A non-maximally-decimated polyphase filterbank （where the number of data loads is not equal to the number of M subfilters） processes M subfilters in a time period that is less than or greater than the M data loads. A polyphase filter bank with five different resampling modes is used as a case study for embedded resamp/ing in SDR front-ends. These modes are （i） maximally decimated, （ii） Under-decimated, （iii） over-decimated, and combined up- and down-sampling with （iv） single stride length, and （v） multiple stride lengths. These modes can be used to obtain any required rational sampling rate change in an SDR front-end based on a polyphase channelizer. They can also be used for translation to and from arbitrary center frequencies that are unrelated to the output sample rates.

关键词： SDR digital front-ends polyphase filter bank embedded resampling

Hardware Architecture of Polyphase Filter Banks Performing Embedded Resampling for Software-Defined Radio Front-Ends

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ZTE Communications 2012年第1期10卷 54-62,70页

作者： Mehmood Awan Yannick Le Moullec Peter koch Fred Harris Technology Platforms Section Dept. of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering San Diego State University

In this paper, we describe resourceefficient hardware architectures for softwaredefined radio （SDR） frontends. These architectures are made efficient by using a polyphase channelizer that performs arbitrary sample rate changes, frequency selection, and bandwidth control. We discuss area, time, and power optimization for field programmable gate array （FPGA） based architectures in an Mpath polyphase filter bank with modified Npath polyphase filter. Such systems allow resampling by arbitrary ratios while simultaneously performing baseband aliasing from center frequencies at Nyquist zones that are not multiples of the output sample rate. A nonmaximally decimated polyphase filter bank, where the number of data loads is not equal to the number of M subfilters, processes M subfilters in a time period that is either less than or greater than the Mdataload ＇ s time period. We present a loadprocess architecture （LPA） and a runtime architecture （RA）（based on serial polyphase structure） which have different scheduling. In LPA, Nsubfilters are loaded, and then M subfilters are processed at a clock rate that is a multiple of the input data rate. This is necessary to meet the output time constraint of the down-sampled data. In RA, Msubfilters processes are efficiently scheduled within Ndataload time while simultaneously loading N subfilters. This requires reduced clock rates compared with LPA, and potentially less power is consumed. A polyphase filter bank that uses different resampling factors for maximally decimated, underdecimated, overdecimated, and combined upand downsampled scenarios is used as a case study, and an analysis of area, time, and power for their FPGA architectures is given. For resourceoptimized SDR frontends, RA is superior for reducing operating clock rates and dynamic power consumption. RA is also superior for reducing area resources, except when indices are prestored in LUTs.

关键词： SDR FPGA Digital Frontends Polyphase Filter Bank Embedded Resampling