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Physiological and Molecular Features of the Pathosystem Arabidopsis thaliana L.-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Libert

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第1期48卷 44-52页

作者： Fu-Ming Dai Tong Xu gerhard A. wolf Zu-Hua He College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Institute of Plant Pathology Georg-August University Goettingen Goettingen 37077 Germany

the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Libert causes rot diseases on many crops worldwide and large economic losses occur frequently because of a lack of resistant varieties. the pathogenesis of S. sclerotiorum and the molecular basis of plant responses to the pathogen are poorly understood. In the present investigation, the process of S. sclerotiorum infection in Arabidopsis thaliana L., a plant that is highly susceptible to this fungus, was analysed. In addition, the defense activation in the host was investigated. A convenient inoculation method using millet grain was developed for S. sclerotiorum in Arabidopsis. the fungus rapidly infected the plants, probably through ball- or cushion-like infection structures. Visible symptoms developed within 24 h and plants were killed 72 h after inoculation. Cellulase, the main enzyme that caused host tissues to rot, was secreted by S. sclerotiorum in a pH-dependent manner. Oxalic acid, another pathogenic factor secreted by the fungus, induced necrotic lesions on the leaves, infection with S. sclerotiorum strongly induced the production of the pathogenesis-related （PR） proteins β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the PR gene PDF. 1 was induced, but not PR1, indicating that the pathogen activated basal defense of jasmonic acid/ethylene dependence, which is consistent with its necrotrophic characteristics. this pathosystem for Arabidopsis-S. sclerotiorum could provide an approach for the analysis of the interactions between S. sclerotiorum and other crops, thereby facilitating genetic manipulation techniques for controlling this pathogen.

关键词： Arabidopsis defense pathogenesis pathosystem Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

three-dimensional analysis of the physiological foramen geometry of maxillary and mandibular molars by means of micro-CT

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第3期9卷 151-157页

作者： th.mas gerhard wolf Frank Paqué Michael Sven Patyna Brita Willershausen Benjamín Briseno-Marroquín Department of Operative Dentistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Department of Endodontology Division of Preventive DentistryPeriodontologyand CariologyCenter of Dental MedicineUniversity of Zürich

the aim of this study was to investigate the physiological foramen diameter, shape and distance between physiological and anatomical apex of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars. Accurate knowledge of the physiological foramina morphology; thus, inherent mechanical shaping technical hindrances, is decisive when taking the corresponding root canal final preparation decision. the morphological dimensions of a total of 1 727 physiological foramina were investigated by means of micro-computed tomography. Mean narrow and wide （to a high number, oval） diameters of the physiological foramen were 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.33, 0.31 and 0.42 mm in mesiobuccal （MB）, distobuccal （DB） and palatal （P） roots in maxillary first molars; 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.41, 0.33 and 0.44 in MB, DB, and P roots in maxillary second molars. Mandibular first molars showed mean narrow and wide diameters of 0.24 and 0.30 mm and of 0.39 and 0.46 mm in mesial （M） and distal （D） roots; second mandibular molars showed 0.25 and 0.31 mm and 0.47 mm in M and D roots. the mean distance between the physiological foramina and anatomical apex was 0.82, 0.81 and 1.02 mm and 0.54, 0.43 and 0.63 mm in MB, DB and P roots of the maxillary first and second molars, respectively. A mean distance of 0.95 mm （M） and 1.05 mm （D） in the first and 0.78 mm （M） and 0.81 mm （D） in the second mandibular molars was observed. Based on the results obtained, assumable recommendations for final preparation size of the physiological foramen were calculated. However, when taking into consideration, the resulting standard deviations of marginal errors must be cautiously considered when taking a final decision in clinical endodontic treatment.

关键词： apical constriction final apical file maxillary and mandibular molars morphology micro-computed tomography physiological foramen

Bone disorders in experimentally induced liver disease in growing rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第45期11卷 7169-7173页

作者： Viktória Ferencz Csaba Horváth Béla Kári János Gaál Szilvia Mészáros Zsuzsanna wolf Dalma Heged(?)s Andrea Horváth Anikó Folhoffer Ferenc Szalay 1st Department of Internal Medicine Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Oncotherapy Department of Polymer Engineering and Textile Technology

AIM： To investigate the change of bone parameters in a new model of experimentally induced liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in growing rats. MEthODS： Fischer-344 rats （n = 55） were used. Carbon tetrachloride （CCh）, phenobarbital （PB）, and a single diethylnitrosamine （DEN） injection were used. Animals were killed at wk 8 and 16. Bone mineral content, femoral length, cortical index （quotient of cortical thickness and whole diameter） and ultimate bending load （Fmax） of the femora were determined. the results in animals treated with DEN＋PB＋CCh （DPC, n = 21） were com- pared to those in untreated animals （UNT, n = 14） and in control group treated only with DEN＋PB （DP, n = 20）. RESULTS： Fatty liver and cirrhosis developed in each DPC-treated rat at wk 8 and HCC was presented at wk 16. No skeletal changes were found in this group at wk 8, but each parameter was lower （P〈0.05 for each） at wk 16 in comparison to the control group. Neither fatty liver nor cirrhosis was observed in DP-treated animals at any time point. Femoral length and Fmax values were higher （P〈0.05 for both） in DP-treated animals at wk 8 compared to the UNT controls. However, no difference was found at wk 16. CONCLUSION： Experimental liver cirrhosis and HCC are accompanied with inhibited skeletal growth, reduced bone mass, and decreased mechanical resistance in growing rats. Our results are in concordance withthe data of other studies using different animal models. A novel finding is the transiently accelerated skeletal growth and bone strength after a 8-wk long phenobarbital treatment following diethylnitrosamine injection.

关键词： Bone disorder Bone mineral content Mechanical resistance Experimental liver cirrhosis Growingrat

Physiological and Molecular Features of the Pathosystem Arabidopsis thaliana L.-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Libert

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Physiological and Molecular Features of the Pathosystem Arab...

SEMS vs cSEMS in duodenal and small bowel obstruction:High risk of migration in the covered stent group

第四届拟南芥学术研讨会

作者： gerhard A. wolf Institute of Plant Pathology

the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Libert causes rot diseases on many crops worldwide and large economic losses occur frequently because of a lack of resistant varieties. the pathogenesis of S. sclerotlorum and the molecular basis of plant responses to the pathogen are poorly understood. In the present investigation, the process of S. sclerotiorum infection in Arabidopsis thaliana L., a plant that is highly susceptible to this fungus, was analysed. In addition, the defense activation in the host was investigated. A convenient inoculation method using millet grain was developed for S. sclerotiorum in Arabidopsis. the fungus rapidly infected the plants, probably through ball- or cushion-like infection structures. Visible symptoms developed within 24 h and plants were killed 72 h after inoculation. Cellulase, the main enzyme that caused host tissues to rot, was secreted by S. sclerotiorum in a pH-dependent manner. Oxalic acid, another pathogenic factor secreted by the fungus, induced necrotic lesions on the leaves. Infection with S. sclerotiorum strongly induced the production of the pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the PR gene PDF.1 was induced, but not PR1, indicating that the pathogen activated basal defense of jasmonic acid/ethylene dependence, which is consistent with its necrotrophic characteristics. this pathosystem for Arabidopsis-S. sclerotiorum could provide an approach for the analysis of the interactions between S. sclerotiorum and other crops, thereby facilitating genetic manipulation techniques for controlling this pathogen.

关键词： Arabidopsis defense pathogenesis pathosystem Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

来源： cnki会议评论

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第37期19卷 6199-6206页

作者： Oliver Waidmann Jrg Trojan Mireen Friedrich-Rust Christoph Sarrazin wolf Otto Bechstein Frank Ulrich Stefan Zeuzem Jrg gerhard Albert Med-izinische Klinik 1 Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie und Hepatolo-gieKlinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitt Klinik für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie Klinikum der Johann wolfgang Goethe-Universitt

AIM:To compare clinical success and complications of uncovered self-expanding metal stents(SEMS)vs covered SEMS(cSEMS)in obstruction of the small ***:Technical success,complications and outcome of endoscopic SEMS or cSEMS placement in tumor related obstruction of the duodenum or jejunum were retrospectively *** primary end points were rates of stent migration and *** end points were the effect of concomitant biliary drainage on migration rate and overall *** data was analyzed according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology ***:thirty-two SEMS were implanted in 20 *** all patients,endoscopic stent implantation was *** migration was observed in 9 of16 cSEMS(56%)in comparison to 0/16 SEMS(0%)implantations(P=0.002).Stent overgrowth did not significantly differ between the two stent types(SEMS:3/16,19%;cSEMS:2/16,13%).One cSEMS dislodged and had to be recovered from the jejunum by way of *** until migration between SEMS and cSEMS in patients with and without concomitant biliary stents did not significantly differ(HR=1.530,95%CI0.731-6.306;P=0.556).the mean follow-up was 57±71 d(range:1-275 d).CONCLUSION:SEMS and cSEMS placement is safe in small bowel tumor ***,cSEMS is accompanied with a high rate of migration in comparison to uncovered SEMS.

关键词： Endoscopy Digestive system Intestinal neoplasms Self-expandable metal stents Tumor obstruction Self-expandable metal stents complications

Acupotomy versus sodium hyaluronate for treatment of knee osteoarthritis in rabbits

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第3期37卷 404-411页

作者： Ding Yu Yuan Xueling Wang Yongcheng Wang Aiyuan Shi Xian Wang Lu Daniela Litscher Ingrid Gaischek Irmgard th.Lippe gerhard Litscher Department of Acupuncture&Moxibustion People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China Instituteof Orthopedics People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicineand Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center GrazMedical University of Graz8036 GrazAustria Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Graz8036 GrazAustria

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible advantages of acupotomy over sodium hyaluronate injection for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).MEthODS: Twenty rabbits were divided randomly into four groups(n = 5 in each): a control group,model group, acupotomy group, and sodium hyaluronate injection group. the model, acupotomy,and sodium hyaluronate groups underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection plus partial medial meniscectomy. Sodium hyaluronate injection and acupotomy were administered to the respective groups from weeks 5 to 8, and samples of the tibial plateau and medial condyle of the femur were collected in week 9. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression was assessed in cartilage and subchondral bone by immunohistochemical ***: Articular cartilage degeneration was less pronounced in the acupotomy compared with the model and sodium hyaluronate groups. VEGF expression levels in cartilage and subchondral bone were increased in the model group compared with the control group(P therapeutic effect than sodium hyaluronate injection(P th reduce degeneration in the cartilage and subchondral bone in KOA based on the results from a rabbit model, but acupotomy improved the histopathology and reduced the VEGF content more effectively than sodium hyaluronate injection, probably by reducing venous stasis and intraosseous pressure. Acupotomy may improve KOA by lowering VEGF.

关键词： Osteoarthritis, knee Acupuncture appa-ratus Hyaluronic acid Vascular endothelial growthfactors Venous stasis Cartilage degeneration

Biliary phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine profiles in sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第33期19卷 5454-5463页

作者： Annika Gauss Robert Ehehalt wolf-Dieter Lehmann gerhard Erben Karl-Heinz Weiss Yvonne Schaefer Petra Kloeters-Plachky Adolf Stiehl wolfgang Stremmel Peter Sauer Daniel Nils Gotthardt Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Department of Spectroscopy German Cancer Research Center

AIM:To analyze phospholipid profiles in intrahepatic bile from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)and secondary sclerosing cholangitis(SSC).MEthODS:Intrahepatic bile specimens collected via endoscopic retrograde cholangiography from 41 patients were *** of these patients were diagnosed with PSC,10 with SSC,11 with choledocholithiasis or no identifiable biliary disease,and 6 with cholangiocellular carcinoma(CCC).Bile acid,cholesterol,protein,and bilirubin contents as well as pancreas lipase activity in bile were determined by biochemical ***(PC)and lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC)species were quantified using nanoelectrospray ionization tandem mass ***:Bile from all the examined patient groups showed a remarkably similar PC and LPC species composition,with only minor statistical *** biliary PC concentrations were highest in controls(8030±1843 mol/L)and lowest in patients with CCC(1969±981 mol/L)(P=0.005,controls vs SSC and CCC,respectively,Pth or without sclerosing cholangitis,these phospholipids are likely not of major pathogenetic importance in this disease group.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Cholangiocellular carcinoma Phosphatidylcholine Lysophosphatidylcholine Bile mass spectrometry

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第3期9卷 299-304页

作者： Raft Henkel Gesa Maaβ Andreas Jung gerhard Haidl wolf-Bernhard Schill Hans-Christian Schuppe Department of Medical Biosciences University of the Western Cape Bellville 7535 South Africa Centre for Dermatology and Andrology Justus Liebig University 35385 Giessen Germany Department of Dermatology Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University 53105 Bonn Germany

Aim： To investigate age-related inflammatory events in the male genital tract. Methods： In a total of 4 265 randomly collected patients attending the andrological outpatient clinic of the Center for Dermatology and Andrology, University of Giessen, Germany, ejaculate volume, pH-value, sperm concentration, total and progressive sperm motility, concentration of polymorphonuclear （PMN） elastase, number of peroxidase-positive cells and fructose were measured and correlated with patient＇s age. Results： While ejaculate volume, motility and fructose all correlated negatively with age, sperm concentration, PMN elastase and the pH-value showed a positive correlation. the prevalence of male genital tract inflammation （as defined by PMN elastase 〉 250 ng/mL） and its severity increased significantly. PMN elastase did not correlate with sperm motility. Fructose as a marker of seminal vesicle function showed a significant negative relationship with the PMN elastase levels, the number of peroxidase-positive cells and sperm motility. Conclusion： the significant increases of PMN elastase levels as marker of male genital tract inflammation in older men appear to be indicative of age-related changes in local immunoregulatory mechanisms. Because there is no association of PMN elastase with sperm motility, a direct inhibitory effect of this enzyme can be excluded.

关键词： aging men male genital tract inflammation polymorphonuclear elastase leukocytes infertility human semen

Root canal morphology and configuration of 123 maxillary second molars by means of micro-CT

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第1期9卷 33-37页

作者： th.mas gerhard wolf Frank Paqué Anja-Christin Woop Brita Willershausen Benjamín Briseno-Marroquín Department of Operative Dentistry Johannes Gutenberg University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Endodontology Department of Preventive DentistryPeriodontology and CariologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

the aim of this study was to investigate the root canal configuration, accessory canals and number of main foramina of 123 maxillary second molars by means of micro-computed tomography. the teeth were scanned and reproduced with 3D software imaging. the root canal configuration and number of main foramina were evaluated by means of a four-digit system. the morphological complexity of human maxillary second molars is depicted by the number of accessory and connecting canals. the most frequently observed root canal configurations in the mesiobuccal root were 2-2-2/2 （19.5%）, 2-2-1/1 （14.6%） and 2-1-1/1 （13.0%）. A 1-1-1/1 configuration was observed in 93.5% and in 96.7% in the distobuccal and palatal roots, respectively. the MB1 mot canal had one accessory canal （18.7%）, and 8.9% of the MB2 root canal had one or two accessory canals. the distobuccal （11.3%） and palatal （14.6%） root canals had at least one accessory canal, and connecting canals were observed in 16.3% of mesiobuccal roots. the MB1, MB2, distobuccal and palatal root canals had one main foramen in 99.2%, 43.1%, 98.4% and 99.2% of samples, respectively. In the mesiobuccal root, one accessory foramen was detected in 14.6%, two were detected in 7.3%, and three were detected in 5.7%. the distobuccal root showed one or two accessory foramina in 9.1% of samples. the root canal configuration of maxillary second molars is quite heterogeneous; the mesiobuccal root has predominantly two root canal entrances （58.4%, 1 in 41.1%） with one main foramen （54.4%）. Two main foramina were observed in 43.0%. Morphological variations, connecting and accessory canals were observed in all apical thirds.

关键词： accessory and connecting canals apical foramina maxillary second molar micro-CT morphology root canal configuration