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Radical Hysterectomy in Cervical Cancer: Patients’ Epidemiological and Clinical Profiles and Perioperative Outcome in Two Referral Hospitals in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 466-479页

作者： théophile njamen nana Robert Tchounzou Fulbert Nkwele Mangala Alphonse Ngalame Henri Essome Sedrick Tiokeng Sidonie Noa Ananga Andrew Tassang Humphry Tatah Neng Isaac Mboh Eyong Gaetan Andre Wambo Simo Felix Adolphe Elong Fidelia Kobenge Mbi Junior Cédric nana njamen Charlotte Tchente Nguefack thomas Obinchemti Egbe Gregory Ekane Halle Emile Telesphore Mboudou Marcellin Ngowe Ngowe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Pathology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculté Des Sciences De La Santé Université Joseph Kizerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most frequent cancers and the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer in Low and middle income countries, Cameroon inclusive. Surgery is the primary treatment modality when the disease is diagnosed at early stage. Radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer has not been evaluated in recent years in Cameroon. the purpose of this study is thus to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical features and short term outcomes of patients who underwent surgery. Patients and methods: this retrospective study was conducted at the Douala Gynaeco-obstetric and Pediatric Hospital and the Douala General Hospital. Cervical cancer patients who underwent Radical hysterectomy between January 2015 and December 2020 were included. A pre-established data collection tool was used to record socio-demographic, clinical and outcomes information from patients’ files;additional outcome information was obtained from phone calls. Descriptive analysis was done using the SPSS version 26. Bivariate analysis was used to determine associations between disease and patients characteristics and occurrence of adverse postoperative outcome. P value of 0.05 was considered. Results: Sixty one patients were enrolled. their ages ranged from 33 to 74 years with a mean age of 51.95 ± 10.29 years. Over 85% of women were married, 65.57% were unemployed and 86.88% were multiparous. Only 28% had never done cervical cancer screening. Most patients had stage IB1 to IB2 stage disease (57.1%). Less than 9% underwent radical hysterectomy and 8 of those (13.11%) suffered intraoperative complications. Twenty-five patients (40.98%) presented immediate and short term complications. there was no significant association between the disease or patients’ characteristics and adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Cervical cancer patients are relatively young in our settings and only 9% of them reach the hospital at early stage. Postoperative adverse outcomes rate is higher than that rep

关键词： Cervical Cancer Radical Hysterectomy Epidemiological and Clinical Profiles Outcomes Cameroon

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Profile of Full-Term Births in Maternity Wards of Public Hospitals in Douala Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 705-720页

作者： Henri Essome Merlin Boten Bounyom Astrid Ndolo Kondo Ingrid Doriane Ofakem Ilick Fulbert Mangala Nkwele Irène Cyrielle Edjoa Mboe Michel Roger Ekono Alphonse Ngalame Nyong Robert Tchounzou Moustapha Bilkissou Junie Ngaha Yaneu Marga Vanina Ngono Akam Gervais Mounchikpou Ngouhouo Grâce Tocki Toutou théophile nana njamen Valère Mve Koh Pascal Foumane Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Sangmelima University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

Introduction: Pregnancy as much as childbirth constitutes a risky situation, potentially fraught with sometimes dramatic complications: maternal death. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of establishing the profile of those giving birth in our context with the aim to anticipate operationally in the future on morbidity but more on maternal deaths. Methodology: We conducted, using a structured questionnaire, a prospective descriptive study in representative maternity wards in the city of Douala;the study variables were socio-economic, anthropometric, obstetrical and clinical. Statistical analyses were carried out with CS Pro 7.3 and SPSS version 25.0 software. the Student, Chi-square and Fischer tests were used to compare the means of the variables and the percentages. Results: We recruited 305 births for our study. the average age of our births was 28.7 years ± 6.1 with an average height of 161.6 cm ± 5.06;an average body mass index at the start of pregnancy of 28.0 kilograms/square meter and 31.3 kilograms/square meter at delivery;the average weight gain was 8.4 g ± 5.37;an average gestation of 2.84±1.90;an average parity of 2.2 ± 2.1 with an average birth interval of 27.7 months ± 23.7. the average gestational age was 39.2 weeks ± 1.21 with pregnancy pathology dominated by malaria;85.9% began their prenatal follow-up before the 14th week of amenorrhea. Conclusion: the profile of childbirth in urban Cameroon does not seem potentially dystocic compared to that of the same regional and racial area.

关键词： Profile Delivery Term Malaria Douala

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Draft of an Anthropometric Reference System for Full-Term Cameroonian Newborns: Prospective Study with Analytical Aim in the Maternity Wards of Douala

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 435-450页

作者： Henri Essome Charlotte Epossè Ekoube Fulbert Mangala Nkwele Rita Carole Mbono Betoko Irène Cyrielle Edjoa Mboe Michel Roger Ekono Alphonse Ngalame Nyong Robert Tchounzou Ingrid Doriane Ofakem Ilick Hassanatou Iyawa Moustapha Bilkissou Astrid Ndolo Kondo Junie Ngaha Yaneu Marga Vanina Ngono Akam Gervais Mounchikpou Ngouhouo Grâce Tocki Toutou Nelly Noubi Valère Mve Koh théophile nana njamen Training Teaching and Research Unit in Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproduction Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences of Buea University of Buea Buea Cameroon Pluridisciplinary Department Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Anthropometry applied to newborns is a reliable indicator of the quality of fetal growth. the latter is influenced by genetic, racial and nutritional factors varying from one population to another, explaining why a standard cannot be applied to all populations. Research question: should the Caucasian frame of reference be dogmatically applied in our African context? Multicenter studies are therefore necessary;hence the interest of this work, the main objective of which was to describe the anthropometric profile of full-term newborns in the city of Douala. Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim and prospective data collection in the maternity wards of the Douala General Hospital, Laquintinie Hospital, District hospitals of Deido, Nylon and Bonassama over a period of 4 months (January to April 2020). We were interested in any newborn, born alive, vaginally or by cesarean section, seen in the first 24 hours from a full-term single-fetal pregnancy whose mother had given consent. We excluded newborns whose term was unclear and those with congenital malformations or signs of embryo-foetopathy. Data collection was done using structured and pre-tested survey sheets. the study variables were obstetric and anthropometric. Statistical analyzes were carried out with CS Pro 7.3 and SPSS version 25.0 software. the Student, Chi-square and Fischer tests were used to compare the means of the variables, the percentages with a significance threshold P value Results: During the study period, 305 full-term newborns were included, divided into 172 boys and 133 girls. the average anthropometric parameters of the full-term newborn in the city of Douala were: average weight: 3305 grams, average height: 49.8 centimeters, average head circumference: 34.6 centimeters, average upper arm circumference: 11.3 centimeters, circumference average thoracic: 32.8 centimeters. the percentile distribution showed a 10th percentile at 2656 grams and a 90th

关键词： Anthropometry Full-Term Newborn Douala

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Low Birth Weight in Cameroon: Research and Analysis of Factors Associated with their Occurrence in Douala Maternity Wards

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 758-778页

作者： Henri Essome Merlin Boten Bounyom Astrid Ndolo Kondo Ingrid Doriane Ofakem Ilick Charlotte Epossè Ekoube Rita Bono Betoko Hassanatou Iyawa Fulbert Mangala Nkwele théophile nana njamen Robert Tchounzou Alphonse Ngalame Nyong Charlotte Irène Cyrielle Edjoa Mboe Moustapha Bilkissou Junie Ngaha Yaneu Marga Vanina Ngono Akam Gervais Mounchikpou Ngouhouo Grâce Tocki Toutou Michel Roger Ekono Nelly Noubi Pascal Foumane Training Teaching and Research Unit in Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproduction Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a birth weight strictly below 2500 g, whatever the term of pregnancy. It constitutes a major public health problem, both in developed and developing countries, due to its magnitude and its strong association with infant morbidity and mortality. Main objective was to study the factors associated with the occurrence of small-for-gestational-age newborns in Douala. Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional analytical study with prospective data collection using a technical pretested sheet in the maternity wards of the Douala General Hospital, the Laquintinie Hospital, and the District hospitals of Deido, Nylon and Bonassama over a period of 4 months (January to April 2020). We were interested in any newborn, born alive, vaginally or by cesarean section, of low weight, seen in the first 24 hours from a full-term single-fetal pregnancy whose mother had given her consent. Our sampling was consecutive and non-exhaustive. We excluded newborns whose term was unclear and those with congenital malformations or signs of embryo-foetopathy. Data collection was done using survey sheets. Statistical analyzes were carried out with CS Pro 7.3 and SPSS version 25.0 software. the Student, Chi-square and Fischer tests were used to compare the means of the variables, the percentages with a significance threshold P value Results: During the study period, 305 full-term newborns were included, divided into 172 boys and 133 girls. the percentage of small-for-gestational-age newborns was 9.8%;after multivariate analysis by logistic regression to eliminate confounding factors, we found maternal factors associated with small for gestational age newborns;maternal age less than 20 years, primiparity, gestational age (37 - 38), a delay in prenatal visits greater than 14 weeks, anemia in pregnancy, positive toxoplasmosis serology in pregnancy, a body mass index of Conclusion: Our study revealed the potenti

关键词： Newborn Low Birth Weight Gestational Age Douala

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Antibiotics Resistance of Urogenital Mycoplasma in Sexually Active Women Attending Gynecologic Consultation in Douala (Cameroon)

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第12期13卷 559-570页

作者： Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o Rosa Fetue Notio Fulbert Mangala Nkwele Grace Dalle Ngondi Emmanuel Roddy Mengue Elodie Ngo Malabo Charlotte Tchente Nguefack Cécile Okalla Ebongue théophile nana njamen Laboratory of Clinical Biology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Mother and Child Department Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Introduction: Mycoplasmas are bacteria commonly found in the commensal flora of humans and can occasionally be pathogenic. the population and the geographical area determine their susceptibility to various antibiotics. Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional study from January to June 2022 at the Douala General Hospital. All women who were sexually active and willing to participate were included. Endo-cervical swabbing was used to collect the samples. Culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed in a liquid medium using Mycoplasma-SystemPlus Gallery (Liofilchem). All samples that degraded urea (threshold > 103 for Ureaplasma urealyticum) and arginine (threshold > 104 for Mycoplasma hominis) were deemed positive. Results: A total of 107 women with a median age of 33 ± 8.3 years and a predominance of 30-40 years (41.1%) were included. the frequency of mycoplasma infection was 73.8% with 34.1%, 11.4% and 54.4% for Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and co-infection respectively. Resistance rates to Minocycline were low, 1.3% for Ureaplasma urealyticum and 3.7% for co-infection;for Pefloxacin the resistance rates were 3.7% (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis) and 22.8% (co-infection). Ureaplasma urealyticum had a resistance rate of 3.7% for Erythromycin, 1.3% for Clarithromycin and 5% for Azithromycin. there was no significant correlation between risk factors and infection. Vaginal cleansing and the development of resistance in mycoplasma infection were found to be significantly correlated (OR = 6.915 [1.52 - 31.55];(p = 0.013)). Conclusion: Minocycline was the most active antibiotic and Ureaplasma urealyticum was the species with the lowest rate of resistance. Antibiotic resistance was more common in co-infected people than mono-infected. Antibiotic resistance was independently correlated with vaginal douching.

关键词： Urogenital Mycoplasma Sexually Active Women Douala Cameroon

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Predictors and Complications of Prematurity in Two Health Facilities in Fako Division, Southwest Region, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 630-644页

作者： Naiza Monono Verla Sissi Kamo Helen Nguepong Vianney nana njamen Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Regional Hospital Limbe Southwest Region Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Most preterm births can be associated to an identifiable risk factor. In Cameroon, especially in the Southwest Region, there is limited data regarding prematurity associated risk factors. the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and complications of prematurity in two health facilities in the Fako division, the BRH and RHL. Methods: A hospital based retrospective case control study was done from the 1st of January 2021 to 28th of February 2022. We assessed the gestational ages at which preterm birth occurred and their short-term outcome using a structured pretested questionnaire to collect data from files. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: the minimum sample size was 137 preterms. 45.5% of cases were born between 34 and increased the risk of having a preterm birth meanwhile being married (AOR: 0.410;95% CI: 0.217 - 0.773;p = 0.006) decreased the risk. Hospital complications were neonatal infection 103 (51.5%), respiratory distress 79 (39.5%) and neonatal jaundice 61 (30.50%). Among the cases, 97 (48.50%) stayed in the hospital for 2 to 4 weeks and 177 (88.5%) were discharged alive. Conclusions: Modifiable factors that increased the risk of prematurity were advanced maternal age, secondary level of education, rural residence, and prenatal alcohol consumption. Being married decreased the risk. the most common hospital complications in both the cases and controls were neonatal infection, respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal jaundice.

关键词： Prematurity Gestational Age Risk Factors Complications Outcome

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Hystererectomy in a Tertiary Hospital in a Sub-Saharan Setting: A 20-Year Retrospective Review of the Indications, Types and Analysis of Technical Index

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第7期11卷 885-897页

作者： théophile njamen nana Robert Tchounzou Fulbert Nkwele Mangala Henri Essome Fidelia Mbi Kobenge Bongoe Adamo Gregory Ekane Halle thomas Obinchemti Egbe Charlotte Tchente Nguefack Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala Gynaeco-Obstetrics and Paediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Came-roon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon

Background: Hysterectomy is one of the most performed surgeries through the world, even in Sub Saharan setting where indications are not rare. Objective: To study the frequency, indications, surgical methods, and complications of hysterectomies at the Douala General Hospital. Patients and methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study over a 20-year period, from the 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2019, in the department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Douala General Hospital, a tertiary health facility in Cameroon, central Africa. All patients who underwent hysterectomies for gynaecological or obstetrical indications and whose files were complete were retained. Results: Out of a total of 7126 gynaecological and obstetrical surgical cases 1007 were hysterectomies, giving a frequency of 14.21%. Meanwhile, 968 files fulfilled the

关键词： Hysterectomy Indications Surgical Methods Complications Douala General Hospital-Cameroon

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Primary Post-Partum Haemorrhage Following Vaginal Deliveries at the Douala General Hospital: Prevalence, Causes and Risk Factors

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第6期11卷 742-752页

作者： théophile njamen nana Robert Tchounzou Fulbert Nkwele Mangala Henri Essome Javorez thibaut Demgne Fidelia Mbi Kobenge Bongoe Adamo thomas Obinchemti Egbe Charlotte Tchente Nguefack Gregory Ekane Halle Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Came-roon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Bangangte Cameroun

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It occurs predominantly in developing countries due to poorly developed infrastructures and lack of skilled birth attendants. Objective: To identify the prevalence, causes and risk factors of primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal deliveries in a referral hospital (Douala General Hospital-Cameroon). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study carried in the Douala General Hospital (DGH) for which socio-demographic, clinical, obstetric and post-partum data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis and logistic regression allowed us to present and discuss our results, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value 0.05.

关键词： Primary Postpartum Haemorrhage Prevalence Causes Risk Factors

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Hypercoagulability in the Context of Pre-Eclampsia: Case-Control Study at the Laquintinie Douala Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第12期10卷 1708-1727页

作者： Henri Essome Marie Solange Ndom Idjem théophile nana njamen thomas Egbe Obinchemti Merlin Boten Grace Tocki Toutou Grégory Eddie Halle Guy Pascal Ngaba Pascal Foumane Laquintinie Douala Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences of Buea University of Buea Buea Cameroon Kribi District Hospital Kribi Cameroon Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of Yaoundé University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the world. the complexity of its etio-pathogenesis involves, among other things, hypercoagulability, which alon... 详细信息

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the world. The complexity of its etio-pathogenesis involves, among other things, hypercoagulability, which alone accounts for about 15% of his deaths. Our objective was to study the parameters of coagulation (prothrombin level, activated cephalin time) in pregnant women with preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia at Laquintinie Hospital in Douala. Methodology: We carried out an analytical cross-sectional case-control study from November 01st, 2018 to May 31st, 2019, in the gynecology and obstetrics department of Laquintinie Hospital in Douala. We included preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia pregnant women with a gestational age greater than or equal to 20 weeks amenorrhea. The variables of interest were age, pregnancy, parity, gestational age, marital status and body mass index, prothrombin level (PL) and activated cephalin time (ACT). Hypercoagulability was defined by the presence of at least one of the following abnormalities: PL > 100%, ACT 25

关键词： Preeclampsia Hypercoagulability Prothrombin Cephalin Lacintinia

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中国式现代农业经营体系的构建逻辑、政策创新与重大意义

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教学与研究 2024年第6期 83-94页

作者：穆娜娜孔祥智重庆师范大学经济与管理学院重庆401331 中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院北京100872

现代农业经营体系是实现中国式农业现代化的必要手段。党的十八大以来,在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下,面对“谁来种地”的难题,以“三权分置”改革为制度保障,中国初步形成了以家庭农场为基础、农民合作社为中坚、农业产业... 详细信息

现代农业经营体系是实现中国式农业现代化的必要手段。党的十八大以来,在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下,面对“谁来种地”的难题,以“三权分置”改革为制度保障,中国初步形成了以家庭农场为基础、农民合作社为中坚、农业产业化龙头企业为骨干、农业社会化服务组织为支撑,引领带动小农户发展的立体式复合型现代农业经营体系。通过培育壮大新型农业经营主体,以及促进小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接等方面的政策创新,该经营体系在巩固完善中国农村基本经营制度、促进农业节本提质增效和农民增收,以及保障中国粮食安全和重要农产品供给等方面发挥了重要作用,并对促进中国特色农业现代化实践产生了深远影响。

关键词：中国式农业现代化现代农业经营体系新型农业经营主体小农户

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