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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberman Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi teresa w.m.fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm2

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Grain refinement of mg-Ca alloys by native mgO particles

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 980-996页

作者： Shihao wang Yun wang Quentin m.Ramasse Zhongyun fan Super STEm Laboratory SciTech Daresbury CampusDaresbury WA44ADUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK BCAST Brunel University LondonUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK

In mg-Ca alloys the grain refining mechanism,in particular regarding the role of nucleant substrates,remains the object of *** native mgO is being recognised as a nucleating substrate accounting for grain refinement of mg alloys,the possible interactions of mgO with alloying elements that may alter the nucleation potency have not been elucidated ***,we design casting experiments of mg-xCa alloys varied qualitatively in number density of native mgO,which are then comprehensively studied by advanced electron *** results show that grain refinement is enhanced as the particle number density of mgO *** native mgO particles are modified by interfacial layers due to the co-segregation of Ca and N solute atoms at the mgO/mg *** aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we reveal the nature of these Ca/N interfacial layers at the atomic *** of the crystallographic termination of mgO,Ca and N co-segregate at the mgO/mg interface and occupy mg and O sites,respectively,forming an interfacial structure of a few atomic *** interfacial structure is slightly expanded,less ordered and defective compared to the mgO matrix due to compositional deviations,whereby the mgO substrate is altered as a poorer template to nucleate mg *** solidification in a TP-1 mould,the impotent mgO particles account for the grain refining mechanism,where they are suggested to participate into nucleation and grain initiation processes in an explosive *** work not only reveals the atomic engineering of a substrate through interfacial segregation but also demonstrates the effectiveness of a strategy whereby native mgO particles can be harnessed for grain refinement in mg-Ca alloys.

关键词： mg-Ca alloy Grain refinement mgO Interfacial segregation STEm/EELS Solidification.

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Processing,microstructure,and properties of porous ceramic composites with directional channels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 1-15页

作者： Bo Zhang Yang Yang Xueling fan Key Laboratory of Service Performance and Protection Technology in Extreme Environments Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Porous ceramic composites with directional microchannels from micrometer to dozens of micrometer levels have attracted more and more attention in various fields including aerospace,biomedicines,and thermal insulation due to their excellent fluid permeability,mechanical properties,*** this article,we summarize the recent directional porous ceramics developments including their main processing routes and respective ***,the properties get from different processing routes have been com-pared and analyzed in terms of microstructures,mechanical properties,and *** has been given to the deeper understanding which can allow one to control the microstructural features of these porous ceramic composites to obtain the desired *** work can provide a useful reference for the development and application of porous ceramic composites with directional microchan-nels.

关键词： Porous ceramic composites Directional microchannels Processing routes Permeability

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Observation of an upward lightning flash with 21 upward positive leaders initiated from different wind turbines in wind farm

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 163-171页

作者： Li Cai Yifeng Ke wenchao fan Ruisheng Yan mi Zhou Jianguo wang Yadong fan Engineering Research Center of ministry of Education for Lightning Protection and Grounding Technology School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

As the wind turbine height increases,the probability of multiple upward leaders flashes within the wind farm *** this study,an upward lightning flash containing 21 upward positive leaders(UPLs)initiated from different wind turbines in Zhangbei wind Farm was *** average speed of the UPLs was 1.2×10^(5) m/s,which mostly decreased to zero before reaching the cloud *** four UPLs developed to cloud height,with prolonged periods of bright light on three of them and with a minimum duration of 126 ms.A total of nine return strokes occurred on the other two dissipated leader channels,and the numbers of strokes on the two channels was six and three,*** average interstroke interval for the return strokes was 10.5 *** of these nine return strokes had peak currents smaller than 10 *** high-speed video frames confirmed that competition does exist between the UPLs,and the range of shielding effects increases as the height of the ULs *** effect of fan rotation on the initiation of upward leaders and the shielding effect between the wind turbines and upward leaders are discussed.

关键词： flash return initiated

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Ternary layered boride moAlB:A novel thermo-regulation microwave absorbing ceramic material

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 699-710页

作者： Zhangjue wang fan Zhang Nannan wang wei Li Yongqiang Chen Hailong wang Rui Zhang Yanqiu Zhu Bingbing fan School of material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Featured metal materials and Life Cycle Safety for Composite Structures MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals MaterialsSchool of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany School of material Science and Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Department of Engineering Faculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK

In the context of the fifth-generation(5G)smart era,the demand for electromagnetic wave(Emw)-absorbing materials has become increasingly prominent,so it is necessary to explore promising candidate *** work focuses on the exploration of the material absorbing properties of a moAlB mAB(mAB represents a promising group of alternatives,where m stands for a transition metal,A typically denotes Al,and B is boron)phase ***,the first-principles calculations were performed to reveal the unique crystal and layered structure of the moAlB ceramics and to predict their potential for use as an Emw absorption ***,a series of moAlB ceramics were synthesized at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1300℃,and the influence of temperature on the phase compositions and microstructures of the obtained moAlB ceramics was characterized and ***,the practical Emw absorption performance of the prepared moAlB ceramics was evaluated via a combination of experiments and radar cross-sectional *** moAlB sample synthesized at 900℃ exhibits superior Emw absorption performance,achieving an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL)of−50.33 *** unique layered structure and good electrical conductivity of the moAlB samples are the main reasons for their enhanced wave absorption performance,which provides interfacial polarization and multiple dielectric loss ***,this study not only contributes to the understanding of the preparation of moAlB materials but also provides potential guidance for their utilization in the realm of electromagnetic wave absorption.

关键词： moAlB electronic band structure electromagnetic wave(Emw)absorption layered ternary boride density of states

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Grain yield and N uptake of maize in response to increased plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 122-140页

作者： Jingui wei Qiang Chai wen Yin Hong fan Yao Guo Falong Hu Zhilong fan Qimingwang State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Lanzhou 730070China College of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Life Sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer *** the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive ***,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains *** study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to *** treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(w1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(w2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N *** water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme *** with w2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under w1N1D2.w1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than w2N2D1.w1N2D2 improv

关键词： water and N reduction plant density maize grain yield N uptake compensation effect

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Kinetically and thermodynamically expediting elementary steps via high-valence Cr-incorporated of nickel selenide for water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1199-1208页

作者： Huafeng fan Dongxu Jiao Jinchang fan Dewen wang Bilal Zaman wei Zhang Lei Zhang weitao Zheng Xiaoqiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOEJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy MaterialsElectron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Designing high-performance electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential to reduce the activation barrier and optimize free adsorption energy of reactive ***,we report that incorporating high-valence Cr into NiSe_(2)(Cr_(x)Ni_(1-x)Se_(2))kinetically and thermodynamically expedites elementary steps of both HER and *** as-prepared Cr_(0.05)Ni_(0.95)Se_(2) catalyst displays excellent HER and OER activities,with low overpotentials of 89 and 272 mV at the current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)(j10),respectively,and remains stable during operation for 30 h.A low cell voltage of only 1.59 V is required to drive j10 in alkaline *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals that Cr incorporation facilitates the formation of NiOOH active species during the OER ***,theoretical explorations demonstrate that high-valence Cr incorporation efficiently accelerates water dissociation kinetics and improves H*adsorption during HER process,lowering the activation barrier of OER and optimizing the adsorption energy of oxygen-based intermediate,thus kinetically and thermodynamically enhancing the intrinsic performance of NiSe_(2) for over water *** strategy provides a new horizon to design transition metal based electrocatalysts in the clean energy field.

关键词： nickel selenide electrocatalytic water splitting high-valence Cr density functional theory(DFT)calculation

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Zircon Hf Isotope mapping for Understanding Crustal Architecture and Its Controls on mineralization during Early Cretaceous in the Southern Great Xing'an Range,NE China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 41-50页

作者： Feng Yuan Huanan Liu Shengjin Zhao mingjing fan State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Strategic Mineral ResourcesSchool of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China No.10 Institute of Geological Exploration Inner Mongolia Bureau of Geology and Mineral ResourcesChifeng 024000China Key Laboratory of metallogeny and mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Voluminous Early Cretaceous granitoids and associated large-scale ore deposits are distributed within the southern Great Xing'an Range(SGXR),NE *** on previously published geochronology and zircon Hf-isotope data,Hf isotope mapping is undertaken to improve our understanding of crustal architecture and its controls on ore *** ore-related Early Cretaceous granitoids were sourced predominantly from juvenile crust,with the involvement of variable proportions of ancient crustal *** crustal architecture,as inferred from Hf isotopic contour maps,indicates two distinct Hf isotopic domains in SGXR,including(1)a higher-ε_(Hf)(+7 to+11)juvenile crust containing minor ancient crustal material,and(2)a lower-ε_(Hf)(+2 to+6)juvenile crust containing a greater proportion of ancient crustal *** Hf isotopic maps identify links between crustal architecture and regional *** deposits and other deposits with significant Cu production are restricted mainly to the higher-ε_(Hf)juvenile crustal regions in the northern and eastern *** dominated by other metals(e.g.,mo,Sn,w,Pb,Zn,and Ag)occur mainly in the lower-ε_(Hf)juvenile crustal regions in the southern and western *** between juvenile crust-derived melts and ancient crustal components played an important role on the distribution of various ore metals.

关键词： Hf isotope mapping crustal architecture large-scale Early Cretaceous granitoids distribution of ore deposits southern Great Xing'an Range zircon

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Dynamic response of buildings under debris flow impact

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1581-1597页

作者： LIU Huan fan Xiaoyi TIAN Shujun DENG Xin School of mechanical and Electrical Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of mingshan District Ya’an 625100China Engineering Safety Assessment and Protection Research Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China

This study employs the smoothed particle hydrodynamics–finite element method(SPH–FEm) coupling numerical method to investigate the impact of debris flow on reinforced concrete(RC)-frame buildings. The methodology considers the variables of debris flow depth and velocity and introduces the intensity index IDV(IDV = DV) to evaluate three different levels of debris flow impact intensity. The primary focus of this study is to investigate the dynamic response and failure mechanism of RC-frame buildings under debris flow impact, including structural failure patterns, impact force and column displacement. The results show that under a highintensity impact, a gradual collapse process of the RCframe building can be observed, and the damage mode of the frame column reflects shear failure or plastic hinge failure mechanism. First, the longitudinal infill walls are damaged owing to their low out-of-plane flexural capacity;the critical failure intensity index IDV value is approximately 7.5 m2/s. The structure cannot withstand debris flows with an intensity index IDV greater than 16 m2/s, and it is recommended that the peak impact force should not exceed 2100 k N. The impact damage ability of debris flow on buildings mostly originates from the impact force of the frontal debris flow, with the impact force of the debris flow body being approximately 42% lower than that of the debris flow head. Finally, a five-level classification system for evaluating the damage status of buildings is proposed based on the numerical simulation and investigation results of the disaster site.

关键词： SPH–FEm method Debris flow Buildings The intensity index Dynamic response

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Separation of La(Ⅲ),Ce(Ⅳ)and Ca(Ⅱ)from bastnaesite using acidic phosphonic chitosan and rotating disk membrane

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 995-1000,I0007页

作者： Dandan Lu wenhui Li Linlin fan Yunren Qiu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

The separation of rare earths is difficult due to their similar properties and the complex characteristics of associated vein o ***-ultrafiltration(CUF)and shear induced o rderly dissociation coupling with ultrafiltration(SIODUF)were used to separate metal ions(m,m=La(Ⅲ),Ce(Ⅳ)and Ca(Ⅱ))from simulated bastnaesite leaching solution using acidic phosphonic chitosan(aPCS)and rotating disk *** of simultaneous removal of metallic ions was investigated by CUF,and suitable conditions were obtained for C/m 10.0(mass ratio of complexant to metal ions)and pH *** shear stabilities of aPCS-m complexes were explored at different pH values and the results show that the complexes can dissociate at a certain rotational speed,the critical *** critical s hear rates of aPCS-La,aPCS-Ce and aPCS-Ca complexes at pH 5.0 were calculated as 1.42×10^(5).1.69×10^(5) and 9.75×10^(4) s^(-1),*** order of complexes shear stability is aPCS-Ca aPCS-Lam and regeneration of aPCS were achieved by SIODUF in the light of the difference of aPCSm complexes shear *** separation coefficientsβLa/Ce andβCa/La reach 31.2 and 53.9,respectively.

关键词： Bastnaesite Rare earths Complexation-ultrafiltration Acidic phosphonic chitosan Rotating disk membrane

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