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Grain refinement of mg-Ca alloys by native mgO particles

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 980-996页

作者： Shihao wang Yun wang Quentin m.Ramasse Zhongyun fan Super STEm Laboratory SciTech Daresbury CampusDaresbury WA44ADUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK BCAST Brunel University LondonUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK

In mg-Ca alloys the grain refining mechanism,in particular regarding the role of nucleant substrates,remains the object of *** native mgO is being recognised as a nucleating substrate accounting for grain refinement of mg alloys,the possible interactions of mgO with alloying elements that may alter the nucleation potency have not been elucidated ***,we design casting experiments of mg-xCa alloys varied qualitatively in number density of native mgO,which are then comprehensively studied by advanced electron *** results show that grain refinement is enhanced as the particle number density of mgO *** native mgO particles are modified by interfacial layers due to the co-segregation of Ca and N solute atoms at the mgO/mg *** aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we reveal the nature of these Ca/N interfacial layers at the atomic *** of the crystallographic termination of mgO,Ca and N co-segregate at the mgO/mg interface and occupy mg and O sites,respectively,forming an interfacial structure of a few atomic *** interfacial structure is slightly expanded,less ordered and defective compared to the mgO matrix due to compositional deviations,whereby the mgO substrate is altered as a poorer template to nucleate mg *** solidification in a TP-1 mould,the impotent mgO particles account for the grain refining mechanism,where they are suggested to participate into nucleation and grain initiation processes in an explosive *** work not only reveals the atomic engineering of a substrate through interfacial segregation but also demonstrates the effectiveness of a strategy whereby native mgO particles can be harnessed for grain refinement in mg-Ca alloys.

关键词： mg-Ca alloy Grain refinement mgO Interfacial segregation STEm/EELS Solidification.

CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberman Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi teresa w.m.fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm2

Processing,microstructure,and properties of porous ceramic composites with directional channels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 1-15页

作者： Bo Zhang Yang Yang Xueling fan Key Laboratory of Service Performance and Protection Technology in Extreme Environments Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Porous ceramic composites with directional microchannels from micrometer to dozens of micrometer levels have attracted more and more attention in various fields including aerospace,biomedicines,and thermal insulation due to their excellent fluid permeability,mechanical properties,*** this article,we summarize the recent directional porous ceramics developments including their main processing routes and respective ***,the properties get from different processing routes have been com-pared and analyzed in terms of microstructures,mechanical properties,and *** has been given to the deeper understanding which can allow one to control the microstructural features of these porous ceramic composites to obtain the desired *** work can provide a useful reference for the development and application of porous ceramic composites with directional microchan-nels.

关键词： Porous ceramic composites Directional microchannels Processing routes Permeability

CmmCAN:Lightweight Feature Extraction and matching Network for Endoscopic Images Based on Adaptive Attention

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2761-2783页

作者： Nannan Chong fan Yang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China School of Information and Intelligence Engineering Tianjin Renai CollegeTianjin301636China

In minimally invasive surgery,endoscopes or laparoscopes equipped with miniature cameras and tools are used to enter the human body for therapeutic purposes through small incisions or natural ***,in clinical operating environments,endoscopic images often suffer from challenges such as low texture,uneven illumination,and non-rigid structures,which affect feature observation and *** can severely impact surgical navigation or clinical diagnosis due to missing feature points in endoscopic images,leading to treatment and postoperative recovery issues for *** address these challenges,this paper introduces,for the first time,a Cross-Channel multi-modal Adaptive Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF)module based on the lightweight architecture of ***,a novel lightweight feature extraction and matching network based on attention mechanism is *** network dynamically adjusts attention weights for cross-modal information from grayscale images and optical flow images through a dual-branch Siamese *** extracts static and dynamic information features ranging from low-level to high-level,and from local to global,ensuring robust feature extraction across different widths,noise levels,and blur *** and local matching are performed through a multi-level cascaded attention mechanism,with cross-channel attention introduced to simultaneously extract low-level and high-level *** ablation experiments and comparative studies are conducted on the HyperKvasir,EAD,m2caiSeg,CVC-ClinicDB,and UCL synthetic *** results demonstrate that the proposed network improves upon the baseline EfficientViT-B3 model by 75.4%in accuracy(Acc),while also enhancing runtime performance and storage *** compared with the complex DenseDescriptor feature extraction network,the difference in Acc is less than 7.22%,and IoU calculation results on specific datasets outperform complex dense ***

关键词： Feature extraction and matching lightweighted network medical images endoscopic attention

Observation of an upward lightning flash with 21 upward positive leaders initiated from different wind turbines in wind farm

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 163-171页

作者： Li Cai Yifeng Ke wenchao fan Ruisheng Yan mi Zhou Jianguo wang Yadong fan Engineering Research Center of ministry of Education for Lightning Protection and Grounding Technology School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

As the wind turbine height increases,the probability of multiple upward leaders flashes within the wind farm *** this study,an upward lightning flash containing 21 upward positive leaders(UPLs)initiated from different wind turbines in Zhangbei wind Farm was *** average speed of the UPLs was 1.2×10^(5) m/s,which mostly decreased to zero before reaching the cloud *** four UPLs developed to cloud height,with prolonged periods of bright light on three of them and with a minimum duration of 126 ms.A total of nine return strokes occurred on the other two dissipated leader channels,and the numbers of strokes on the two channels was six and three,*** average interstroke interval for the return strokes was 10.5 *** of these nine return strokes had peak currents smaller than 10 *** high-speed video frames confirmed that competition does exist between the UPLs,and the range of shielding effects increases as the height of the ULs *** effect of fan rotation on the initiation of upward leaders and the shielding effect between the wind turbines and upward leaders are discussed.

关键词： flash return initiated

OnFractional(g,f,n′,m)-Critical Covered Graphs

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 446-460页

作者： wei Gao wei-fan wang School of Information Science and Technology Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500YunnanChina Department of mathematics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004ZhejiangChina

The main contribution in this article is threefold:(1)we show the necessary and sufficient condition for graphs to be fractional(g,f)-covered which can be expressed in different forms,and extended to fractional(g,f,m)-covered graphs;(2)the concept of fractional-critical covered graph is put forward and its necessary and sufficient condition is given;(3)we present the degree condition for a graph to be fractional(g,f,n′,m)-critical covered,and show that degree bound is sharp when m is ***,the related result in fractional(a,b,n′,m)-critical covered setting is also verified.

关键词： Network Fractional factor Data transmission Fractional covered graph Fractional critical covered graph

Self‑Healing Dynamic Hydrogel microparticles with Structural Color for wound management

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 177-190页

作者： Li wang Xiaoya Ding Lu fan Anne m.Filppula Qinyu Li Hongbo Zhang Yuanjin Zhao Luoran Shang Department of General Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Åbo Akademi University20520 TurkuFinland Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative medicine Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001People’s Republic of China Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital Zhongshan‑Xuhui Hospitaland the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigeneticsthe International Co‑laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032People’s Republic of China

Chronic diabetic wounds confront a significant medical challenge because of increasing prevalence and difficult-healing *** is vital to develop multifunctional hydrogel dressings,with well-designed morphology and structure to enhance flexibility and effectiveness in wound *** achieve these,we propose a self-healing hydrogel dressing based on structural color microspheres for wound *** microsphere comprised a photothermal-responsive inverse opal framework,which was constructed by hyaluronic acid methacryloyl,silk fibroin methacryloyl and black phosphorus quantum dots(BPQDs),and was further re-filled with a dynamic *** dynamic hydrogel filler was formed by Knoevenagel condensation reaction between cyanoacetate and benzaldehyde-functionalized dextran(DEX-CA and DEX-BA).Notably,the composite microspheres can be applied arbitrarily,and they can adhere together upon near-infrared irradiation by leveraging the BPQDs-mediated photothermal effect and the thermoreversible stiffness change of dynamic ***,eumenitin and vascular endothelial growth factor were co-loaded in the microspheres and their release behavior can be regulated by the same ***,effective monitoring of the drug release process can be achieved through visual color *** microsphere system has demonstrated desired capabilities of controllable drug release and efficient wound *** characteristics suggest broad prospects for the proposed composite microspheres in clinical applications.

关键词： Black phosphorus Structural color Dynamic hydrogel Inverse opal wound management

Separation of La(Ⅲ),Ce(Ⅳ)and Ca(Ⅱ)from bastnaesite using acidic phosphonic chitosan and rotating disk membrane

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 995-1000,I0007页

作者： Dandan Lu wenhui Li Linlin fan Yunren Qiu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

The separation of rare earths is difficult due to their similar properties and the complex characteristics of associated vein o ***-ultrafiltration(CUF)and shear induced o rderly dissociation coupling with ultrafiltration(SIODUF)were used to separate metal ions(m,m=La(Ⅲ),Ce(Ⅳ)and Ca(Ⅱ))from simulated bastnaesite leaching solution using acidic phosphonic chitosan(aPCS)and rotating disk *** of simultaneous removal of metallic ions was investigated by CUF,and suitable conditions were obtained for C/m 10.0(mass ratio of complexant to metal ions)and pH *** shear stabilities of aPCS-m complexes were explored at different pH values and the results show that the complexes can dissociate at a certain rotational speed,the critical *** critical s hear rates of aPCS-La,aPCS-Ce and aPCS-Ca complexes at pH 5.0 were calculated as 1.42×10^(5).1.69×10^(5) and 9.75×10^(4) s^(-1),*** order of complexes shear stability is aPCS-Ca aPCS-Lam and regeneration of aPCS were achieved by SIODUF in the light of the difference of aPCSm complexes shear *** separation coefficientsβLa/Ce andβCa/La reach 31.2 and 53.9,respectively.

关键词： Bastnaesite Rare earths Complexation-ultrafiltration Acidic phosphonic chitosan Rotating disk membrane

Grain yield and N uptake of maize in response to increased plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 122-140页

作者： Jingui wei Qiang Chai wen Yin Hong fan Yao Guo Falong Hu Zhilong fan Qimingwang State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Lanzhou 730070China College of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Life Sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer *** the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive ***,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains *** study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to *** treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(w1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(w2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N *** water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme *** with w2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under w1N1D2.w1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than w2N2D1.w1N2D2 improv

关键词： water and N reduction plant density maize grain yield N uptake compensation effect