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Effect of varying normal stress on stability and dynamic motion of a spring-slider system with rate- and state-dependent friction

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Earthquake Science 2014年第6期27卷 577-587页

作者： Changrong He teng-fong wong State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyCEA Earth System Science Programme Faculty of ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University

Incorporating rate and state friction laws, stability of linearly stable （i.e., with stiffness greater than the critical value） spring-slider systems subjected to triggering perturbations was analyzed under variable normal stress condition, and comparison was made between our results and that of fixed normal stress cases revealed in previous studies. For systems associated with the slip law, the critical mag- nitude of rate steps for triggering unstable slips are found to have a similar pattern to the fixed normal stress case, and the critical velocity steps scale with a/（b - a） when k = kcr for both cases. The rate-step boundaries for the variable normal stress cases are revealed to be lower than the fixed normal stress case by 7 %-16 % for a relatively large ct = 0.56 with （b - a）/a ranging from 0.25 to 1, indicating easier triggering under the variable normal stress condition with rate steps. The difference between fixed and variable normal stress cases decreases when the α value is smaller. In the same slip- law-type systems, critical displacements to trigger instability are revealed to be little affected by the variable normal stress condition. When k 〉 kcr（V,）, a spring-slider system with the slowness law is much more stable than with the slip law,suggesting that the slowness law fits experimental data better when a single state variable is adopted. In stick-slip motions, the variable normal stress case has larger stress drops than the constant normal stress case. The variable normal stress has little effect on the range of slip velocity in systems associated with the slowness law, whereas systems associated with the slip law have a slowest slip velocity immensely smaller than the fixed normal stress case, by ~ 10 orders of magnitude.

关键词： Rate and state friction - Stability Variablenormal stress Stick-slip motion

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高孔隙岩石变形的离散单元模型

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地球物理学报 2005年第6期48卷 1336-1342页

作者：王宝善陈顒葛洪魁宋丽莉 wong teng-fong 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院合肥230026 中国地震局地球物理研究所北京100081 纽约州立大学石溪分校美国纽约117942100

实验和野外观测表明颗粒破碎显著影响高孔隙岩石的变形特征.为建立高孔隙岩石变形的数值模型,我们以弹性理论为基础并根据问题的特征进行合理简化,给出了一种颗粒破碎机制,并根据此颗粒破碎条件改进传统的离散单元模型.利用改进的离散... 详细信息

实验和野外观测表明颗粒破碎显著影响高孔隙岩石的变形特征.为建立高孔隙岩石变形的数值模型,我们以弹性理论为基础并根据问题的特征进行合理简化,给出了一种颗粒破碎机制,并根据此颗粒破碎条件改进传统的离散单元模型.利用改进的离散单元模型,研究了不同压力条件下高孔隙岩石变形的宏观和微观特征.数值模拟结果表明考虑颗粒破碎的模型能重现高孔隙岩石在不同围压下变形的应力-应变关系、声发射特征、应变局部化和剪切增强压缩等特征.我们还发现,与野外观测结果一致,在高孔隙岩石脆性阶段剪切带内部及附近伴有显著的颗粒破碎.

关键词：高孔隙岩石变形离散单元模型颗粒破碎数值模拟

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Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui Guo Yun Chen Hao Zhang Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong Liu Li Ma Xin Chen Chingping wong State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(teng)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of teng,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in teng owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of tengs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based tengs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for teng performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based tengs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based tengs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode Self-powered sensor

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Emerging roles of interferon-stimulated genes in the innate mmune response to hepatitis C virus infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第1期13卷 11-35页

作者： Mun-teng wong Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University and Academia Sinica MTW and SSC contributed equally to this manuscript

Infection with hepatitis C virus （HCV）, a major viral cause of chronic liver disease, frequently progresses to steatosis and cirrhosis, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection strongly induces host responses, such as the activation of the unfolded protein response, autophagy and the innate immune response. Upon HCV infection, the host induces the interferon （IFN）-mediated frontline defense to limit virus replication. Conversely, HCV employs diverse strategies to escape host innate immune surveillance. Type I IFN elicits its antiviral actions by inducing a wide array of IFN-stimulated genes （ISGs）. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which these ISGs participate in IFN-mediated anti-HCV actions remain largely unknown. In this review, we first outline the signaling pathways known to be involved in the production of type I IFN and ISGs and the tactics that HCV uses to subvert innate immunity. Then, we summarize the effector mechanisms of scaffold ISGs known to modulate IFN function in HCV replication. We also highlight the potential functions of emerging ISGs, which were identified from genome-wide siRNA screens, in HCV replication. Finally, we discuss the functions of several cellular determinants critical for regulating host immunity in HCV replication. This review will provide a basis for understanding the complexity and functionality of the pleiotropic IFN system in HCV infection. Elucidation of the specificity and the mode of action of these emerging ISGs will also help to identify novel cellular targets against which effective HCV therapeutics can be developed.

关键词： anti-HCV activity HCV IFN innate immunity ISG

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Some features of effective radius and variance of dust particles in numerical simulations of the dust climate on Mars

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第1期5卷 11-18页

作者： Chi-fong wong Kim-Chiu Chow Kwing LChan Jing Xiao Yemeng Wang Space Science Institute/State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacaoChina

Airborne dust is an important constituent in the Martian atmosphere because of its radiative interaction with the atmospheric *** size is one crucial factor in determining this *** reality dust sizes are varied;however,in numerical modeling of dust processes,dust size has usually been described by choice of a particular size distribution function,or by use of fixed values of effective radius(ER)and effective variance(EV).In this work,we present analytical expressions that have been derived to specify ER and EV for Nbin dust schemes,based on a model-calculated dust mixing *** simulations based on this approach thus would consider the effects of variable ER on the atmospheric radiation and their *** have revealed some interesting features of the dust distribution parameters,such as seasonal and spatial variation of ER and EV,which are generally consistent with some previous observational and modeling *** with the usual approach of using a fixed ER,simulation results from the present approach suggest that the variability of ER can have significant effects on the simulated thermal field of the Martian atmosphere.

关键词： Mars dust effective radius effective variance general circulation model

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Deoxyelephantopin induces ROS-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第3期10卷 120-135页

作者： Chim-Kei Chan Kind-Leng Tong Pooi-fong wong Habsah Abdul Kadir Biomolecular Research Group Biochemistry ProgramInstitute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To systematically map the stepwise events leading to deoxyelephantopin-induced cell death of HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells and evaluate the effectiveness of deoxyelephantopin in ***:HCT116 cells were treated with deoxyelephantopin at various concentrations and time *** was confirmed by the detection of autophagosomes and autophagosomal proteins by electron microscopy and Western blotting assays,respectively,and then validated by siRNA *** addition,apoptosis was confirmed by the detection of apoptosis-related *** intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level was measured using flow *** growth inhibitory effect of deoxyelephantopin was further evaluated in vivo using a mouse xenograft ***:Deoxyelephantopin firstly elevated ROS production,which then triggered autophagic flux with the accumulation of autophagosomal proteins including LC3 A/B,ATG5,and ATG7,followed by the induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic and extrinsic ***-treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine,a ROS inhibitor,reversed both apoptosis and *** knockdown of LC3 prevented apoptosis induction which confirmed that deoxyelephantopin induced autophagy-dependent apoptosis in HCT116 *** of ROS also activated apoptosis via the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling ***,deoxyelephantopin also inhibited the PI3 K/AKT/mTOR pathway,which then released the inhibition of *** vivo study further showed that deoxyelephantopin significantly suppressed the growth of HCT116 subcutaneous xenograft in nude ***:Our findings revealed that deoxyelephantopin elevates oxidative stress and induces ROS-dependent autophagy followed by apoptosis in HCT116 cells via the concerted modulation of multiple signaling *** findings further support the development of deoxyelephantopin as a therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.

关键词： Deoxyelephantopin Autophagy PI3K mTOR Colorectal cancer MAPK

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SnapshotPrune: A Novel Bitcoin-Based Protocol Toward Efficient Pruning and Fast Node Bootstrapping

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1037-1052页

作者： Pengfei Huang Xiaojun Ren teng Huang Arthur Sandor Voundi Koe Duncan S wong Hai Jiang Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006Chinaand also with Pazhou LabGuangzhou 510330China

Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the Bitcoin network. Critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the Bitcoin network and alleviate the storage pressure from existing full nodes to stockpile new data. Basic pruning and other techniques have been explored to address these concerns but have been insufficient to reduce node synchronization delay and effectively suppress the growth of synchronized data. In this study, we propose SnapshotPrune, a novel pruning and synchronization protocol that achieves fast node bootstrapping in the Bitcoin blockchain. Real Bitcoin historical data are leveraged to measure the synchronization time and monitor the network traffic during node bootstrapping. The protocol requires data downloads that are 99.70% less than Bitcoin Core, 81% less than CoinPrune, and 60% less than SnapshotSave, thereby saving 97.23% of download time. Findings show that the proposed design enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the node synchronization delay compared with existing techniques. We hypothesize that the efficiency of this protocol increases with the block height.

关键词： synchronization blockchain Unspent Transaction Output(UTXO)pruning snapshot fast bootstrapping

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A review on photo-thermal catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide

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Green Energy & Environment 2017年第3期2卷 204-217页

作者： Ee teng Kho Tze Hao Tan Emma Lovell Roong Jien wong Jason Scott Rose Amal Particles and Catalysis Research Group School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales

The conversion of carbon dioxide into value-added products is of great industrial and environmental interest. However, as carbon dioxide is relatively stable, the input energy required for this conversion is a significant limiting factor in the system's performance. By utilising energy from the sun, through a range of key routes, this limitation can be overcome. In this review, we present a comprehensive and critical overview of the potential routes to harvest the sun's energy, primarily through solar-thermal technologies and plasmonic resonance effects. Focusing on the localised heating approach, this review shortlists and compares viable catalysts for the photo-thermal catalytic conversion of carbon ***, the pathways and potential products of different carbon dioxide conversion routes are outlined with the reverse water gas shift,methanation, and methanol synthesis being of key interest. Finally, the challenges in implementing such systems and the outlook to the future are detailed.

关键词： Carbon dioxide conversion Photo-thermal Plasmonic catalysis Solar thermal

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza A and B in Macao,2010–2018

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1144-1153页

作者： HoiMan Ng teng Zhang Guoliang Wang SiMeng Kan Guoyi Ma Zhe Li Chang Chen Dandan Wang MengIn wong ChioHang wong Jinliang Ni Xiaohua Douglas Zhang Clinical Laboratory Kiang Wu HospitalMacao 999078Macao Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao 999078Macao

Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in *** is a tourist city with high density of population and special population *** study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Macao should bring great value for preventing influenza in tourist cities like Macao in the *** this study,we collected a total of 104,874 samples with influenza-like illness(ILI)in Macao from 2010 to ***-square test and binary multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A and B in *** these ILI samples,the overall positive rate is 17.17%for influenza A and 6.97%for influenza *** epidemics of influenza in three years(i.e.,2012,2017 and 2018)differ from the remaining years(i.e.,normal years).In a normal year,influenza A occurs year-round whereas influenza B is *** research shows significant differences in influenza infections between different age groups in normal ***,our analysis shows no significant difference between locals and tourists in influenza A and B infection in a normal year,whereas the odds of influenza A in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in July 2017 and the odds of influenza B in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in January–February 2012 and January–February *** is possibly attributed by the policy of free vaccination to everyone in *** findings should be valuable for preventing influenza in not only Macao but also the world.

关键词： Influenza Epidemiology Chi-square test Logistic regression Macao

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Seroprevalence of Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) Infection among Outpatients in a Clinic in Rembau, Malaysia

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期35卷 755-759页

作者： LEONG Wai Jing VOON Kenny wong Siew Tung teng Cheong Lieng LEONG Pooi Pooi WANG Linfa School of Medicine International Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham MalaysiaSemenyih 43500SelangorMalaysia Faculity of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdui RahmanKajang 43000SelangorMalaysia Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical School169857 Singapore

Pteropine orthoreovirus(PRV)is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus with the potential to spill over from fruit bats to *** belongs to the family Reoviridae,whose name is derived from an abbreviation of"respiratory enteric orphan".This family of viruses was initially not believed to cause diseases in humans and therefore was named an"orphan virus".PRV infections in humans are characterized by symptoms ranging from mild influenza-like illness to severe acute respiratory distress.

关键词： PRV abbreviation initially

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