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The frontier of soil science: Soil health

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 6-7页

作者： Ren Fang SHEN ying teng State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210018(China) CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210018(China)

Soils are a valuable resource with life activity in terrestrial ecosystem,and soil health and its sustainable management are becoming a major focus of global concern.A healthy soil is a“harmonious social system”,which should have good structure,functional state,and buffering performance to maintain the dynamic balance of soil *** health has become the frontier of soil *** development of theoretical and practical approaches for soil health evaluation and management is urgently ***,further research is needed to develop new techniques and methods for soil health research,construct soil health index and evaluation system,clarify the mechanism and spatial-temporal pattern of soil health conservation,and establish soil health protection and cultivation technology,which would provide scientific and technological support for soil resource protection and sustainable utilization.

关键词： soil frontier maintain

Proteomic response of wheat embryos to fosthiazate stress in a protected vegetable soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1843-1853页

作者： Chunyan Yin ying teng Yongming Luo Peter Christie Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences InstituteNewforge LaneBelfast BT95PXUnited Kingdom

A proteomic analysis of wheat defense response induced by the widely used organophosphorus nematicide fosthiazate is reported. Seed germination and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis （2-DE） experiments were performed using a Chinese wheat cultivar, Zhenmai No. 5. Root and shoot elongation decreased but thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS） content in embryos increased with increasing pesticide concentration. More than 1000 protein spots were reprodueibly detected in each silver-stained gel. Thirty-seven protein spots with at least 2-fold changes were identified using MALDI-TOF MS/MS analysis. Of these, 24 spots were up-regulated and 13 were down-regulated. Proteins identified included some well-known classical stress responsive proteins under abiotic or biotic stresses as well as some unusual responsive proteins. Ten responsive proteins were reported for the first time at the proteomic level, including fatty acyl CoA reductase, dihydrodipicolinate synthase, DEAD-box ATPase-RNA-helicase, fimbriata-like protein, waxy B 1, rust resistance kinase Lrl0, putative In2.1 protein, retinoblastoma-related protein 1, pollen allergen-like protein and S-adenosyl-L- methionine：phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The proteins identified were involved in several processes such as metabolism, defense/detoxification, cell structure/ceU growth, signal transduction]transcription, photosynthesis and energy. Seven candidate proteins were further analyzed at the mRNA level by RT-PCR to compare transcript and protein accumulation patterns, revealing that not all the genes were correlated well with the protein level. Identification of these responsive proteins may provide new insight into the molecular basis of the fosthiazate-stress response in the early developmental stages of plants and may be useful in stress monitoring or stress-tolerant crop breeding for environmentally friendly agricultural production.

关键词： fosthiazate proteomic wheat embryo stress response biological indicator

Reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls is coupled to nitrogen fixation by a legume-rhizobium symbiosis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第3期61卷 285-291页

作者： Chen TU Yongming LUO ying teng Peter CHRISTIE Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）, represent a particularly serious environmental problem and human health risk worldwide. Leguminous plants and their symbiotic bacteria （rhizobia） are important components of the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen in both agricultural and natural ecosystems. However, there have been relatively few detailed studies of the remediation of PCB-contaminated soils by legume-rhizobia symbionts. Here we report for the first time evidence of the reductive dechlorination of 2,4,4＇-trichlorobiphenyl （PCB 28） by an alfalfa-rhizobium nitrogen fixing symbiont. Alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobiurn meliloti had significantly larger biomass and PCB 28 accumulation than alfalfa inoculated with the nitrogenase negative mutant rhizobium SmY. Dechlorination products of PCB 28, 2,4＇-dichlorobiphenyl （PCB 8）, and the emission of chloride ion （C1-） were also found to decrease significantly in the ineffective nodules infected by the mutant strain SmY. We therefore hypothesize that N2-fixation by the legume-rhizobium symbiont is coupled with the reductive dechlorination of PCBs within the nodules. The combination of these two processes is of great importance to the biogeochemical cycling and bioremediation of organochlorine pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Biogeochemical cycling Legume-rhizobia symbiosis Microbe-assisted phytoremediation Nitrogen fixation,Polychlorinated biphenyls Soil pollution and remediation Reductive dechlorination

Individual identification using multi-metric of DTI in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 655-664页

作者： ying-teng Zhang Shen-Quan Liu School of Mathematics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Accurate identification of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） is crucial so as to improve diagnosis techniques and to better understand the neurodegenerative process. In this work, we aim to apply the machine learning method to individual identification and identify the discriminate features associated with AD and MCI. Diffusion tensor imaging scans of 48 patients with AD, 39 patients with late MCI, 75 patients with early MCI, and 51 age-matched healthy controls （HCs） are acquired from the Alzheimer＇s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. In addition to the common fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity metrics, there are two novel metrics, named local diffusion homogeneity that used Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient and Kendall＇s coefficient concordance, which are taken as classification metrics. The recursive feature elimination method for support vector machine （SVM） and logistic regression （LR） combined with leave-one-out cross validation are applied to determine the optimal feature dimensions. Then the SVM and LR methods perform the classification process and compare the classification performance. The results show that not only can the multi-type combined metrics obtain higher accuracy than the single metric, but also the SVM classifier with multi-type combined metrics has better classification performance than the LR classifier. Statistically, the average accuracy of the combined metric is more than 92% for all between-group comparisons of SVM classifier. In addition to the high recognition rate, significant differences are found in the statistical analysis of cognitive scores between groups. We further execute the permutation test, receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve to validate the robustness of the classifiers, and indicate that the SVM classifier is more stable and efficient than the LR classifier. Finally, the uncinated fasciculus, cingulum, corp

关键词： Alzheimer's disease mild cognitive impairment, diffusion tensor imaging classification

Remediation of soil heavily polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls using a low-temperature plasma technique

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第2期8卷 277-283页

作者： Xiuhua LI Haibo ZHANG Yongming LUO ying teng Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） were removed by low-temperature plasma technique （dielectric barrier discharge） from heavily polluted soil and their intermediate products were analyzed. The removal rate ranged from 40.1 to 84.6% by different treatments, and they were also influenced significantly （P 〈 0.01） by soil particle-size, electric power, gas flow rate and reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions of PCB removal from the soil were obtained experimentally when soil particle-size, electrical power, flow rate and reaction time were 5-10mm, 21w, 120mL. rain and 90rain, respectively. However, decreasing electrical power, flow rate and reaction time to 18 w, 60 mL. min- and 60 min respectively were also acceptable in view of the cost of remediation. This technique was characterized by the additional advantage of thorough oxidation of PCBs in the soil, with no formation of intermediate products after reaction. The technique therefore shows some promise for application in the remediation of soils contaminated with persistent organic pollutants in brown field sites in urban areas.

关键词： polychlorinated biphenyls low-temperature plasma soil contamination intermediate products

Integration of Chemical Methods and Biomarkers for Assessment of Chlorimuron-Ethyl Bioavailability in Soil

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Pedosphere 2016年第3期26卷 273-281页

作者： REN Wenjie WANG Meie ZHOU Qixing teng ying Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education) College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai University

Bioavailability is a critical factor for assessing the environmental risk of organic pollutants in soil. In this study, extractions with 3 different solvents, including 2 aqueous solutions, calcium chloride(CaCl_2) and a phosphate buffer solution(PBS), and a mixture of aqueous solution and organic solvent, a PBS-methanol(8:2,volume/volume) mixture(PBS-M), were performed to assess the bioavailability of chlorimuron-ethyl in soil in comparison to a battery of toxicity tests in wheat seedlings. The results indicated that the peroxidase(POD) activity in wheat leaves after 7 d of exposure was one of the sensitive biomarkers of chlorimuron-ethyl in *** extractability of chlorimuron-ethyl by all the 3 solvents decreased with exposure time, and the rate of decrease of the PBS-M extraction between 1 and 7 d of exposure was substantially higher than those of the aqueous solution extractions. Chlorimuron-ethyl gradually changed from a water-soluble form into a soil organic matter(SOM)-bound form in the soil. The PBS extraction correlated best with the POD activity in the leaves after 7 d of exposure.

关键词： chemical extraction environmental risk organic pollutants organic solvent peroxidase activity phosphate buffer solution toxicity test

Phytotoxicity in seven higher plant species exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate or bis （2-ethylhexyl） phthalate

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 259-268页

作者： Tingting MA ying teng Peter CHRISTIE Yongming LUO Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Soil Science Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China

We investigated phytotoxicity in seven plant species exposed to a range of concentrations （0- 500 mg· kg^-1 soil） of di-n-butyl phthalate （DnBP） or his （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）, two representative phthalate esters （PAEs） nominated by USEPA as priority pollutants and known environmental estrogens. We studied seed germination, root elongation, seedling growth, biomass （fresh weight, FW） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of shoots and roots of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）, perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne）, radish （Raphanus sativus L.）, cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, oat （Avena sativa） and onion （Allium cepa L.）, together with monitoring of plant pigment content （chlorophyll a, b and earotinoids） in alfalfa, radish and onion shoots. Root elongation, seedling growth and biomass of the test species were generally inhibited by DnBP but not by DEHP, indicating a lower level of phytotoxicity of DEHP than of DnBP. MDA contents of four species were promoted by PAE exposure, but not in alfalfa, ryegrass or onion shoots, indicating lower sensitivity of these three species to PAE pollutants. Plant pigment contents were clearly affected under the stress of both pollutants, implying the potential damage to the photosynthetic system of test plants, mainly by decreasing the content of chlorophyll a and b. Results of DnBP and DEHP phytotoxicity to the primary growth of test plants has provided information for the assessment of their environmental risk in the soil and also forms a basis for the further analysis of their toxic effects over the whole growth period of different plant species.

关键词： phytotoxicity di-n-butyl phthalate bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate malondialdehyde plant pigments(chlorophyll a b and carotinoids)

A highly effective polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium,Paracoccus ***-2,shows opposite remediation potential in two soil types

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 673-685页

作者： Wei CHEN ying teng Wenjie REN Yongming LUO Yao YU Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210018(China) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014(China) School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009(China)

Bioaugmentation is an efficient and eco-friendly strategy for the bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).Since the degrading abilities of soils can greatly alter the abilities of PAH-degrading bacteria,illustrating the potential and mechanism of highly efficient degrading bacteria in different soil environments is of great importance for bioremediation.A PAH-degrading bacterium,Paracoccus aminovorans HPD-2,and two soil types,red and paddy soils,with distinct PAH-degrading abilities,were selected for this study.A soil microcosm experiment was performed by adding pyrene(PYR)and benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P).Illumina sequencing was used to examine bacterial community *** results showed that inoculation with HPD-2 significantly elevated PYR and B[a]P degradation rates by 44.7%and 30.7%,respectively,in the red soil,while it only improved the degradation rates by 1.9%and 11%,respectively,in the paddy *** investigate the underlying mechanism,the fate of strain HPD-2 and the response of the indigenous bacterial communities were *** HPD-2 occupied certain niches in both soils,and the addition of the bacterium changed the native community structure more noticeably in the red soil than in the paddy *** addition of PAHs and strain HPD-2 significantly changed the abundances of 7 phyla among the 15 detected phyla in the red *** the paddy soil,5 of the 12 dominant phyla were significantly affected by PAHs and the inoculation of HPD-2,while 6new phyla were detected in the low-abundance phyla(<0.1%).The abundances of Massilia,Burkholderia,and Rhodococcus genera with PAH degradation efficiency were significantly increased by the inoculation of HPD-2 in the red soil during 42 d of ***,in the paddy soil,the most dominant effective genus,Massilia,was reduced by HPD-2 *** research revealed the remediation ability and inherent mechanism of the highly effective PAH-degrading strain HPD-2 in two different soil type

关键词： bacterial inoculation benzo[a]pyrene bioremediation organic contaminant paddy soil Paracoccus aminovorans pyrene red soil

Refinement of primary Si in Cu-50Si alloys with novel Al-Zr-P master alloy

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Rare Metals 2013年第3期32卷 252-257页

作者： Min Zuo Zhong-Shi Zhang Xin-ying teng Hao-Ran Geng Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Jinan School of Physics and Technology University of Jinan

In this article, a novel Al-6Zr-2P master alloy with ZrP particles was successfully synthesized, and the refining performance of this novel master alloy for the primary Si in Cu-50Si alloys was also investigated. By means of the fracture plane observation, it is found that the ZrP phase would precipitate first in the solidification pro- cess, and then, the ZrAl3 phase grows around them. Fur- thermore, it is observed that the refining effect can be remarkably improved by changing the addition sequence of the raw materials. After the melting of commercial Cu, the 2.0 wt% Al-6Zr-2P master alloy and crystalline Si were added in sequence, and the mean size of the primary Si in Cu-50Si alloy can be significantly refined from 255.7 to 75.3 gm. Meanwhile, the refining mechanism was dis- cussed in detail.

关键词： Al-Zr-P master alloy Cu-Si alloy ZrP Microstructure Phase transformation