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Effects of imperfect Quality and Defective Items on Economic Production Lot Size

厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 247-页

作者： Raafat n Ibrahim Paul Lochert Department of Mechanical Engineering Monash UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Monash University AustraliaAustralia

The classical EPQ model has been used for a long ti me and is widely accepted and implemented. nevertheless, the analysis for finding an economic lot size has based on a number of unrealistic assumptions. A common unrealistic assumption in using EPQ is that all units produced are of good quali ty. The classical EPQ model shows that the optimal lot size will generate minimum ma nufacturing cost, thus producing minimum setup cost and inventory cost. However, this is only true if all products manufactured in the process are assumed to be of good quality (i.e. all products are within the specification limits). In rea lity this is not the case, therefore, it is necessary to consider the cost of im perfect quality items, because this cost can influence the economic lot size. Ma ny studies and recent papers have indicated that there is a significant relation ship between economic production lot size and process/product quality. However, their models included either the imperfect quality items (not necessarily de fective) which are to be sold at a discounted price or defective items which can be reworked or rejected. The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to integrate three different sit uations (discounted pricing/rework/reject) into a single model. 100% inspection is performed in order to distinguish the amount of good quality items, imper fect quality items and defective items in each lot. In this paper, a mathematica l model is developed, and a numerical example is presented to illustrate the sol ution procedures. It is found that the economic production lot size tends to inc rease as the average percentage of imperfect quality items and defectives (rejec ted items) increases.

关键词： EPQ lot size imperfect/defective items

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A short-chain α-neurotoxin from naja naja atra produces potent cholinergic-dependent analgesia

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neuroscience Bulletin 2006年第2期22卷 103-109页

作者： Hui-Ling ZHAnG Rong HAn Zhen-Lun GU Zhi-Xing CHEn Bo-Wen CHEn Paul F. Reid Laurence n. Raymond Zheng-Hong QIn Department of Pharmacology Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou 215007 China ReceptoPharm Plantation Florida USA

Objective To investigate the analgesia induced by cobrotoxin （CT） from venom of naja naja atra, and the effects of atropine and naloxone on the antinociceptive activity of CT in rodent pain models. Methods CT was administered intraperitoneally （33.3, 50, 75 μg/kg）, intra-cerebral venticularly （2.4 μg/kg） or microinjected into periaqueductal gray （PAG, 1.2 μg/kg）. The antinociceptive action was tested using the hot-plate test and the acetic acid writhing test in mice and rats. The involvement of cholinergic system and the opioid system in CT-induced analgesia was examined by pretreatment of animals with atropine （0.5 mg/kg, im or 10 mg/kg, ip） or naloxone （3 mg/kg, ip）. The effect of CT on motor activity was tested using the Animex test. Results CT （33.3, 50 and 75 μg/kg, ip） exhibited a dosedependent analgesic action in mice as determined with hot-plate test and acetic acid writhing test. In the mouse acetic acid writhing test, the intra-cerebral ventricle administration of CT 2.4 μg/kg （1/23th of a systemic dose） produced marked analgesic effects. Microinjection of CT 1.2 μg/kg （1/46th of systemic dose） into the PAG also elicited a robust analgesic action in the hot-plate test in rats. Atropine at 0.5 mg/kg （ira） or naloxone at 3 mg/kg （ip） failed to block the analgesic effects of CT, but atropine at 10 mg/kg （ip） did antagonize the analgesia mediated by CT in the mouse acetic acid writhing test. At the highest effective dose of antinociception （75 μg/kg）, CT did not change the spontaneous mobility of mice. Conclusion These results suggest that CT from naja naja atra venom has analgesic effects. Central nervous system may be involved in CT＇ analgesic effects and the PAG may be the primary central site where CT exerts its effects. The central cholinergic system but not opioid system appears to be involved in the antinociceptive action of CT.

关键词： cobrotoxin analgesia periaqueductal gray matter atropine naloxone

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Systematic Calculation on Ground State Propertiesof Even-even Superheavy nuclei Using RelativisticMean Field Theory

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近代物理研究所和兰州重离子加速器实验室年报：英文版 2003年第1期 17-17页

作者： Zhang Hongfei, Zuo Wei, Soojae Ren im, Zhou Xiaohong and Li Junqing

In recent years the discovery of Super Heavy Element (SHE) with atomic number Z=108～116 has opened up a new era of research in nuclear physics, however, the extreme difficulties to synthesize SHE greatly restrict the experimental studies on it, so that the theoretical studies are very important. The Relativistic Mean Field theory (RMF) is proved to be a simple and successful theory due to its great success in describing the bulk properties at the β-stable valley, as well as nuclei far from the β-stable line, and gives good predictions for nuclei far beyond the end of the known periodic table. In the framework of RMF we have calculated the properties on SHn such as the binding energy, the deformation, single and double neutron separation energy, and the a-decay half-life and so on for nuclei Z=108～114 and n=156～190. The axial deformations considered by using the expansion of harmonic oscillator basis. The Lagrangian wc have used is as the following form:

关键词：对称计算超重元素核子相对论大统一场

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藻酸盐/PEI/DnA复合载体作为一种新型基因递送系统(英文)

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药学学报 2006年第5期41卷 439-445页

作者：蒋革文相贤金美羅李东哲林美正廉荣一大连大学生物工程学院辽宁大连116622 韩国生命工学研究院人类基因组实验室

目的克服多聚乙烯亚胺（PEI,polyethlenimine）/DnA载体对细胞的毒性以及在含血清培养基里对癌细胞基因的转移率低的问题.方法利用具有水溶性、可生物降解的、并带有负电的藻酸盐（alginate）对PEI/DnA载体进行包衣,制备出复合载体,并... 详细信息

目的克服多聚乙烯亚胺（PEI,polyethlenimine）/DnA载体对细胞的毒性以及在含血清培养基里对癌细胞基因的转移率低的问题.方法利用具有水溶性、可生物降解的、并带有负电的藻酸盐（alginate）对PEI/DnA载体进行包衣,制备出复合载体,并在体外含50%血清培养基里,与PEI/DnA载体比较对C3癌细胞转染率.结果在含50%血清的培养基里,藻酸盐包衣制备的复合体载体[alginate：DnA,0.15（w/w）;PEI：DnA,n：P=10]与PEI/DnA载体相比,对C3癌细胞基因转染率高出10～30倍,而且其表面正电荷数比PEI/DnA载体减少了一半,颗粒较小,并降低对细胞毒性和红血球集聚反应.结论作为新型的藻酸盐包衣制备的复合载体能提高在体外含高浓度血清培养基里对C3癌细胞的转染率,并能减少其对细胞毒性.

关键词：藻酸盐复合载体多聚乙烯亚胺基因递送

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Electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy of Hybrid Epoxy Resin Emulsion Coatings

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2012年第10期11卷 1012-1019页

作者： Rakesh n. Patil Brihbihari V. Sharma Prakash A. Mahanwar Department of Polymer & Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

A hybrid epoxy resin one pack emulsion with acrylate was synthesized for application in the field of corrosion protec- tion. Electrochemical impedance tests were applied to steel specimens coated with hybrid epoxy and tested after im- mersion in 3.5% naCl solution at room temperature. Results taken from nyquist and Bode plots as were analyzed by means of software provided with the instrument. Specimens were examined under scanning electron microscope shows a clear rupture and degradation in hybrid epoxy coating after prolonged exposer to salt solution.

关键词： Hybrid Epoxy Electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy Coatings

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中国对非直接投资及对非洲经济的影响

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浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2017年第6期42卷 94-99页

作者：林云浙江师范大学经济与管理学院浙江金华321004 浙江师范大学中非国际商学院浙江金华321004

中国对非直接投资总体上呈上升趋势,呈现出投资覆盖面广,但国家层面集中度高,而且个体波动性大的特点。非洲国家间经济发展差异性非常显著。由于基础设施严重不足、产业结构单一、工业化阻滞、投资环境差等原因,非洲国家经济发展的阻力... 详细信息

中国对非直接投资总体上呈上升趋势,呈现出投资覆盖面广,但国家层面集中度高,而且个体波动性大的特点。非洲国家间经济发展差异性非常显著。由于基础设施严重不足、产业结构单一、工业化阻滞、投资环境差等原因,非洲国家经济发展的阻力大。中国对非直接投资可以有效克服这些阻碍,促进非洲经济增长及工业化进程。

关键词：直接投资工业化基础设施中非产能合作

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An experimental approach for investigating many-body phenomena in Rydberg-interacting quantum systems

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Frontiers of physics 2014年第5期9卷 571-586页

作者： C. S. Hofmann G. Gunter H. Schempp n. L. M. Miiller A. Faber H. Busche M. Robert-de-Saint-Vincent S. Whitlock M. Weidemuller Physikalisches Institut Universitiit Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 226 69120 Heidelberg Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-newcastle Department of Physics Durham University Rochester Building South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom

Recent developments in the study of ultracold Rydberg gases demand an adwanced level of experimental sophistication, in which high atomic and optical densities must be combined with excellent control of external fields and sensitive Rydberg atom detection. We describe a tailored experimental system used to produce and study Rydberg-interacting atoms excited from dense ultracold atomic gases. The experiment has been optimized for fast duty cycles using a high flux cold atom source and a three beam optical dipole trap. The latter enables tuning of the atomic density and temperature over several orders of magnitude, all the way to the Bose--Einstein condensation transition. An elec- trode structure surrounding the atoms allows for precise control over electric fields and single-particle sensitive field ionization detection of Rydberg atoms. We review two experiments which highlight the influence of strong Rydberg---Rydberg interactions on different many-body systems. First, the Rydberg blockade effect is used to pre-structure an atomic gas prior to its spontaneous evolution into an ultracold plasma. Second, hybrid states of photons and atoms called dark-state polaritons are studied. By looking at the statistical distribution of Rydberg excited atoms we reveal correlations between dark-state polaritons. These experiments will ultimately provide a deeper understanding of many-body phenomena in strongly-interacting regimes, including the study of strongly-coupled plasmas and interfaces between atoms and light at the quantum level.

关键词： ultracold Rydberg gases ultracold plasmas Bose-Einstein condensation atom-light interactions many-body interactions

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Prospective study to evaluate the prognostic value of different nutritional assessment scores in liver surgery: nURimAS Liver (DRKS00006340)

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and nutrition 2020年第4期9卷 400-413页

作者： Pascal Probst Juri Fuchs Michael R.Schön Georgios Polychronidis Christos Stravodimos Arianeb Mehrabi Markus K.Diener Philipp Knebel Markus W.Büchler Katrin Hoffmann Department of General Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Department of General and Visceral Surgery Städtisches Klinikum KarlsruheMoltkestraße 9076133 KarlsruheGermany

Background:Malnutrition is recognised as a preoperative risk factor for patients undergoing hepatic *** is important to identify malnourished patients and take preventive therapeutic action before ***,there is no evidence regarding which existing nutritional assessment score(nAS)is best suited to predict outcomes of liver ***:All patients scheduled for elective liver resection at the surgical department of the University Hospital of Heidelberg and the Municipal Hospital of Karlsruhe were screened for *** nASs were calculated before operation,and patients were categorised according to each score as being either at risk or not at risk for *** association of malnutrition according to each score and occurrence of at least one major complication was the primary endpoint,which was achieved using a multivariate logistic regression analysis including established risk factors in liver surgery as ***:The population consisted of 182 *** percentage of patients deemed malnourished by the nAS varied among the different scores,with the lowest being 2.20%(Mini nutritional Assessment)and the highest 52.20%(nutritional Risk Classification).Forty patients(22.0%)had a major *** of the scores were significantly associated with major ***:none of the twelve investigated nAS defined a state of malnutrition that was independently associated with postoperative *** means of measuring malnutrition in liver surgery should be investigated prospectively.

关键词： Malnutrition liver surgery hepatic resection nutritional assessment

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600名健康妊娠妇女及其所娩新生儿B族链球菌带菌情况的研究

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中华流行病学杂志 1995年第1期16卷 36-39页

作者：张景华袁林杨永弘吴广琴余桑洁秦宇红高薇 Iontova im 北京天坛医院妇产科北京儿科研究所微生物免疫室俄国圣彼得堡实验医学研究所WHO链球菌研究中心

对天坛医院６００例产妇及其所娩新生儿Ｂ族链球菌（ＧＢＳ）带菌情况进行调查，结果表明，８％产妇和６．７％的新生儿围产期带有ＧＢＳ，总带菌率为１３％。ＧＢＳ阳性产妇早产和低体重儿的发生率较ＧＢＳ阴性者为多，其既往发生流产... 详细信息

对天坛医院６００例产妇及其所娩新生儿Ｂ族链球菌（ＧＢＳ）带菌情况进行调查，结果表明，８％产妇和６．７％的新生儿围产期带有ＧＢＳ，总带菌率为１３％。ＧＢＳ阳性产妇早产和低体重儿的发生率较ＧＢＳ阴性者为多，其既往发生流产的平均次数也较多。但本组没有发现ＧＢＳ阳者携带者的胎膜早破和ＩＵＧＲ的发生率较阴性者高。分离的ＧＢＳ主要为Ⅲ型，其次为Ⅰａ型。抗生素敏感试验结果表明，对所有抗生素有耐药者均有一半以上菌株，其中对青霉素和庆大霉素耐药者高达９０％以上，推测与国内滥用抗生素有关，将给临床选药带来一定困难，应引起重视。

关键词：围产期 B族链球菌链球菌带菌率孕妇新生儿

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首次在人中证实内皮素直接介导利钠利尿作用

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中华高血压杂志 2017年第6期25卷 599-599页

作者： Hunter RW Moorhouse R Farrah TE MacIntyre im Asai T Gallacher PJ Kerr D Melville V Czopek A Morrison EE Ivy JR Dear JW Bailey MA Goddard J Webb DJ Dhaun n 赵狄练桂丽

内皮素受体拮抗剂是慢性肾脏病及难治性高血压新的潜在治疗药物,但可导致钠水潴留。动物研究发现,此副作用是由于肾小管内皮素B受体阻滞所致。该研究的目的是通过给予亚升压剂量的内皮素1前体,即大内皮素1,探讨人肾小管内皮素信号在盐... 详细信息

内皮素受体拮抗剂是慢性肾脏病及难治性高血压新的潜在治疗药物,但可导致钠水潴留。动物研究发现,此副作用是由于肾小管内皮素B受体阻滞所致。该研究的目的是通过给予亚升压剂量的内皮素1前体,即大内皮素1,探讨人肾小管内皮素信号在盐转运中的作用。

关键词：内皮素受体拮抗剂利尿作用利钠介导难治性高血压内皮素1 慢性肾脏病治疗药物

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