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Bidirectional relationships of physical activity and gross motor skills before and after summer break:Application of a cross-lagged panel model

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 244-251页

作者： Ryan D.Burns Yang Bai Wonwoo Byun taylor e.colotti Christopher D.Pfledderer Sunku Kwon Timothy A.Brusseau Department of Health Kinesiologyand RecreationUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Background:Gross motor skills are postulated to have a bidirectional relationship with physical activity(PA);however,no study has tested this relationship before and after a summer *** purpose of this study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between school PA and gross motor skills in children before and after a summer ***:Participants were a sample of 440 children recruited from 3 low-income schools(age=8.9±1.2 years,mean±SD).PA was assessed as average school-day step counts using Yamax DigiWalker pedometers(Yamasa Tokei Keiki,Tokyo,Japan)worn for 5 consecutive school *** motor skills were assessed using the Test for Gross Motor Development,3 rd *** were collected at 2 timepoints:at the end of spring semester(T1)and at the beginning of the subsequent fall semester(T2).An age-and body mass index-adjusted cross-lagged model was employed to relate T1 school step counts with T2 gross motor skills and T1 gross motor skills with T2 school step ***:T1 gross motor skills significantly predicted T2 school step counts(β=0.24,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.08-0.40,p=0.003);however,Tl school step counts did not predict T2 gross motor skills(β=0.04,95%CI:-0.06 to 0.14,p=0.445).The model explained 35.4%and 15.9%of the variances of T2 gross motor skills and T2 school step counts,*** analyses indicated that these relationships were driven primarily by ball ***:The relationship between gross motor skills and school PA was not bidirectional;however,higher gross motor skills,specifically ball skills,predicted higher school PA after a 3-month summer break.

关键词： Children Motor competence Physical activity Schools

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Species diversity in restoration plantings: Important factors for increasing the diversity of threatened tree species in the restoration of the Araucaria forest ecosystem

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 84-93页

作者： taylor e.Shaw School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park

The Araucaria forest ecosystem in southern Brazil is highly threatened: less than one percent of the original forest remains, and what is left is a fragmented agro-mosaic of mostly early-to-late secondary forest patches among high-yield agriculture and timber monocultures. Forest restoration initiatives in this region aim to restore degraded areas, however the limited number of species used in restoration projects represents a missed opportunity for species-rich plantings. High diversity plantings represent a larger number of functional groups and provide a targeted conservation strategy for the high number of threatened species within this ecosystem. This study interviewed nurseries(Ns) and restoration practitioners(RPs) in Parana and Santa Catarina states to identify what species are being cultivated and planted, and what factors are driving the species selection process. An average of 20 species were reportedly used in restoration plantings, most of which are common, widespread species. Baseline data confirms that Ns and RPs have disproportionately low occurrences of threatened species in their inventories and plantings, supporting findings from previous research. Questionnaire responses reveal that opportunities for seed acquisition are an extremely important factor in order for nurseries to increase their diversity of cultivated species. Results also suggest that facilitating speciesrich plantings for restoration practitioners would only be feasible if it did not increase the time required to complete planting projects, as it would minimize their ability to keep costs low. This study proposes solutions for increasing the number of species used in restoration practicedsuch as developing a comprehensive species list, fostering knowledge-sharing between actors, creating seed sharing programs, and increasing coordination of planting projects. Long-term strategies involve complimenting traditional ex situ approaches with emerging inter-situ and quasi in situ conserv

关键词： Restoration Araucaria forest Threatened species Nurseries Restoration practitioners Decision-making

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In vivo mouse models to study bile acid synthesis and signaling

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第5期22卷 466-473页

作者： Anisha Bhattacharya Rulaiha e taylor Grace L Guo Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Rutgers Center for Lipid Research RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA VA New Jersey Health Care System Veterans Administration Medical CenterEast OrangeNew JerseyUSA

The synthesis of bile acids(BAs)is carried out by complex pathways characterized by sequential chemical reactions in the liver through various cytochromes P450(CYP)and other *** the integrity of these pathways is crucial for normal physiological function in mammals,encompassing hepatic and neurological *** on the deficiencies in BA synthesis genes offers valuable insights into the significance of BAs in modulating farnesoid X receptor(FXR)signaling and metabolic *** creating mouse knockout(KO)models,researchers can manipulate deficiencies in genes involved in BA synthesis,which can be used to study human diseases with BA *** KO mouse models allow for a more profound understanding of the functions and regulations of genes responsible for BA ***,KO mouse models shed light on the distinct characteristics of individual BA and their roles in nuclear receptor ***,alterations of BA synthesis genes in mouse models have distinct differences when compared to human diseases caused by the same BA synthesis gene *** review summarizes several mouse KO models used to study BA synthesis and related human diseases,including mice deficient in Cyp7a1,Cyp27a1,Cyp7a1/Cyp27a1,Cyp8b1,Cyp7b1,Cyp2c70,Cyp2a12,and Cyp2c70/Cyp2a12,as well as germ-free mice.

关键词： Bile acid Species difference Farnesoid X receptor Liver diseases

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The association between Tai Chi exercise and safe driving performance among older adults： An observational study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 83-94页

作者： Sally Miller Ruth e.taylor-Piliae School of Nursing Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37240 USA College of Nursing The University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Background: Age-related cognitive and physical decline can impair safe driving performance. Tai Chi exercise benefits cognitive and physical function and may influence safe driving performance in older adults. The primary aim of this observational study was to compare cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance among older adult Tai Chi practitioners to normative reference *** aims were to examine relationships between Tai Chi exercise habits, cognitive processes, and physical function related to safe driving performance and to explore potential predictors of safe driving ***: The Driving Health Inventory, the Driving Scenes Test, other driving-related cognitive and physical measures, and self-reported measures including the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS) and the Vitality Plus Scale(VPS) were collected from current Tai Chi practitioners(n = 58; age 72.9 ± 5.9 years, mean ± SD) with median >3 years Tai Chi ***: Compared to normative reference values, participants performed better on numerous cognitive measures including the Driving Scenes Test(p e navigation(p = 0.017, d = 0.27), the Useful Field of View Test(p easures including the Rapid Walk Test(p e Right Foot Tapping Test,(p ed higher than normative reference values on MAAS and VPS(p espectively). Statistically significant correlations were found between several study measures. The digit span backward test was the strongest predictor of safe driving performance(β = 0.34,p = 0.009).Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise has the potential to impact cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance. Further study using randomized controlled trials, structured Tai Chi exercise doses, and driving simulator or on-road driving performance as outcome measures

关键词： Automobile driving Driving performance exercise Older adults Physical activity Tai Chi

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Immune cell interplay in colorectal cancer prognosis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第10期7卷 221-232页

作者： Samuel e Norton Kirsten A Ward-Hartstonge edward S taylor Roslyn A Kemp Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Otago

The immune response to colorectal cancer has proven to be a reliable measure of patient outcome in several studies. However, the complexity of the immune response in this disease is not well understood, par-ticularly the interactions between tumour-associated cells and cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. This review will discuss the relationship betweencancer associated fibroblasts and macrophages, as well as between macrophages and T cells, and demonstrate how each population may support or prevent tumour growth in a different immune environment.

关键词： Colorectal cancer neoplasms Fibroblasts Immune sys

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electronic Phase Transition of IrTe_2 Probed by Second Harmonic Generation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第9期35卷 62-65页

作者： J.e.taylor Z.Zhang G.Cao L.H.Haber R.Jin e.W.Plummer Department of Physics & Astronomy Louisiana State University Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University

We have utilized second harmonic generation （SHG） to disentangle the coupled first-order charge order/structural transition at Tc ~ 281 K in the transition-metal dichalocogenide IrTe2, an exceptional layered material with 3D properties. The data from SHG shows extremely sharp transition in both the cooling and warming processes with less than 0.2 K transition window. Surface electronic symmetries of Car and S2 are observed in the high temperature and low temperature phases, respectively. Compared to neutron diffraction data for the structural transition （Phys. Rev. B 88 （2013）115122） and to the electrical resistivity for the microscopic transition （Phys. Rev. B 95 （2017）035148）, our data indicates the electronic transition at the surface is the precursor to the structural transition.

关键词： SHG Te

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The capsid revolution

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第11期15卷 1-11页

作者： Ian A.taylor Ariberto Fassati Macromolecular Structure Laboratory The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK Division of Infection and Immunity University College LondonLondon WC1E 6JFUK Institute of Immunity and Transplantation University College LondonLondon NW32PPUK

Lenacapavir,targeting the human immunodeficiency virus type-1(HIV-1)capsid,is the first-in-class antiretroviral drug recently approved for clinical *** development of Lenacapavir is attributed to the remarkable progress in our understanding of the capsid protein made during the last few *** little more than a component of the virus shell to be shed early during infection,the capsid has been found to be a key player in the HIV-1 life cycle by interacting with multiple host factors,entering the nucleus,and directing ***,we describe the key advances that led to this‘capsid revolution’.

关键词： HIV-1 capsid CPSF6 Lenacapavir integration IP6 nucleus reverse transcription

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Decomposing the drivers of residential space cooling energy consumption in eU-28 countries using a panel data approach

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energy and Built environment 2020年第4期1卷 432-442页

作者： Andreas Andreou John Barrett Peter G.taylor Paul e.Brockway Zia Wadud Sustainability Research Institute School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Low Carbon energy Research Group School of Chemical and Process EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Spatial Modelling and Dynamics Research Group Institute for Transport StudiesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

While space cooling currently represents less than 1%of final energy use in the residential sector of the euro-pean Union(eU-28),it was the fastest growing end-use during the 2000-15 period with a mean annual growth rate of 6%per ***,little is known about factors which have driven regional air-conditioning(AC)energy consumption over time,since the literature is limited to cross-sectional studies that lack differentiation between climatic and non-climatic *** projections for the eU’s electricity sector may therefore neglect the potential implications of rapidly growing AC *** develop a novel decomposition framework,which breaks down residential space cooling energy consumption in eU-28 countries into the effect of different components from 2000 to *** is extended to panel data models identifying specific drivers of space cooling’s climate-sensitive ***,we explore scenarios of residential AC energy consumption up to 2050 and evaluate their impact on summer time peak *** diffusion was found to be the key driver of space cooling energy consumption,but this effect was partly counterbalanced by efficiency *** weather influences AC equipment ownership rate in eU-28 households,personal income has a larger marginal *** baseline scenarios,AC diffusion saturates by 2050,while modestly increasing sectoral final energy ***,our range of scenario values for space cooling energy consumption in 2050 exceed the majority of those originat-ing from recently published *** a future renewables-driven electricity system,energy security risks may emerge from a scenario of fast AC up-take in new and renovated buildings,especially for colder european countries where modelled peak cooling electricity demand is shown to outgrow the projected expansion of solar *** findings have important implications for the eU’s strategy to decarbonise energy supply.

关键词： Space cooling AC diffusion Decomposition analysis Panel data model Peak demand

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基于压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥面板承载力算法

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哈尔滨工业大学学报 2010年第4期42卷 644-651页

作者：郑愚 Su.e.taylor Des.Robinson 英国贝尔法斯特女王大学建筑规划与土木工程学院东莞理工学院建筑工程系广东东莞523808

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩... 详细信息

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩薄膜效应的作用,结构的真实承载能力大于现行设计方法的计算结果.根据过去的研究,基于塑性极限理论,建立一套考虑压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥梁面板的承载力计算方法.在该方法中,对混凝土桥梁面板所承受的侧向约束刚度进行定义.通过与多桥梁面板的试验结果进行对比后发现,该理论模型能够准确地计算出此结构类型的承载能力.

关键词：混凝土桥面板极限承载力算法压缩薄膜效应弯曲冲切受剪冲切

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Prograde and retrograde growth of monazite in migmatites:An example from the Nagercoil Block,southern India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 373-387页

作者： Tim e.Johnson Chris Clark Richard J.M.taylor M.Santosh Alan S.Collins Department of Applied Geology The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)Curtin University School of the earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Adelaide

Data from a migmatised metapelite raft enclosed within charnockite provide quantitative constraints on the pressure-temperature-time （P-T-t） evolution of the Nagercoil Block at the southernmost tip of peninsular India. An inferred peak metamorphic assemblage of garnet, K-feldspar, sillimanite, plagioclase, magnetite, ilmenite, spinel and melt is consistent with peak metamorphic pressures of 6-8 kbar and temperatures in excess of 900 ℃. Subsequent growth of cordierite and biotite record high-temperature retrograde decompression to around 5 kbar and 800 ℃. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircon cores suggests that the sedimentary protoliths were in part derived from felsic igneous rocks with Palae- oproterozoic crystallisation ages. New growth of metamorphic zircon on the rims of detrital grains constrains the onset of melt crystallisation, and the minimum age of the metamorphic peak, to around 560 Ma. The data suggest two stages of monazite growth. The first generation of Ree-enriched monazite grew during partial melting along the prograde path at around 570 Ma via the incongruent breakdown of apatite. Relatively Ree-depleted rims, which have a pronounced negative europium anomaly, grew during melt crystallisation along the retrograde path at around 535 Ma. Our data show the rocks remained at suprasolidus temperatures for at least 35 million years and probably much longer, supporting a long-lived high-grade metamorphic history. The metamorphic conditions, timing and duration of the implied clockwise P-T-t path are similar to that previously established for other regions in peninsular India during the ediacaran to Cambrian assembly of that part of the Gondwanan supercontinent.

关键词： Monazire Migmatite Zircon Geochronology Phase equilibria modelling Gondwana

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