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Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Structure and Dynamics as Seen From cluster and Double Star Measurements

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空间科学学报 2013年第6期33卷 577-603页

作者： Y V Bogdanova c J Owen M W Dunlop M G G T taylor A N Fazakerley Space Science and Technology Department RALChiltonDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH5 6NTUK Science and Robotic Exploration Directorate ESA/ESTECNoordwijkThe Netherlands

In this review,we discuss the structure and dynamics of the magnetospheric LowLatitude Boundary Layer(LLBL)based on recent results from multi-satellite missions cluster and Double *** boundary layer,adjacent to the magnetopause on the magnetospheric side,usually consists of a mixture of plasma of magnetospheric and magnetosheath origins,and plays an important role in the transfer of mass and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere and subsequent magnetospheric *** southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field(IMF)conditions,this boundary layer is generally considered to be formed as a result of the reconnection process between the IMF and magnetospheric magnetic field lines at the dayside magnetopause,and the structure and plasma properties inside the LLBL can be understood in terms of the time history since the reconnection *** northward IMF conditions,the LLBL is usually thicker,and has more complex structure and *** observations confirm that the LLBL observed at the dayside can be formed by single lobe reconnection,dual lobe reconnection,or by sequential dual lobe reconnection,as well as partially by localized cross-field *** LLBL magnetic topology and plasma signatures inside the different sub-layers formed by these processes are discussed in this *** role of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the formation of the LLBL at the flank magnetopause is also ***,we conclude that the LLBL observed at the flanks can be formed by the combination of processes,(dual)lobe reconnection and plasma mixing due to non-linear Kelvin-Helmholtz waves.

关键词：边界层结构磁层顶双星群集国际货币基金组织等离子体特性测量拓扑结构

Impact of pelvic radiotherapy on the female genital tract and fertility preservation measures

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第2期3卷 45-53页

作者： Liam c Welsh Alexandra taylor Department of Gynaecology Royal Marsden Hospital London SW3 6JJ United Kingdom

Radiotherapy to the pelvis can have a major and deleterious impact on the female genital tract. Despite significant advances in the technical delivery of radical pelvic radiotherapy there remains no way to avoid delivering substantial radiation doses to the ovaries and uterus for patients undergoing treatment for gynaecological cancers. Due to improved cure rates from radical chemo-radiotherapy and social trends toward delayed childbirth many women treated for cervical cancer with radical chemo-radiotherapy will wish to attempt to preserve their fertility. Whilst there are now established and emerging techniques for preserving ovarian function and ovarian tissue, there remains the difficulty of the irradiated uterus which, even if pregnancy can be achieved, results in an increased risk for pregnancyrelated complications. Future developments may offer women in this difficult situation more and improved options for fertility preservation.

关键词： Radiotherapy cervical carcinoma Prema-ture menopause Infertility Fertility preservation

The Xa7 resistance gene guards the rice susceptibility gene SWEET14 against exploitation by the bacterial blight pathogen

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Plant communications 2021年第3期2卷 82-92页

作者： Dangping Luo Jose c.Huguet-Tapia R.taylor Raborn Frank F.White Volker P.Brendel Bing Yang Division of Plant Sciences Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Plant Pathology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Biology Department of Computer ScienceIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA Donald Danforth Plant Science center St.LouisMO 63132USA Biodesign Institute center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Many plant disease resistance(R)genes function specifically in reaction to the presence of cognate effectors from a *** oryzae pathovar oryzae(Xoo)uses transcription activator-like effectors(TALes)to target specific rice genes for expression,thereby promoting host susceptibility to bacterial ***,we report the molecular characterization of Xa7,the cognate R gene to the TALes AvrXa7 and PthXo3,which target the rice major susceptibility gene ***7 was mapped to a unique 74-kb *** expression analysis of the region revealed a candidate gene that contained a putative AvrXa7 effector binding element(EBE)in its promoter and encoded a 113-amino-acid peptide of unknown *** editing at the Xa7 locus rendered the plants susceptible to avrXa7-carrying Xoo *** AvrXa7 and PthXo3 activated a GUS reporter gene fused with the EBE-containing Xa7 promoter in Nicotiana *** EBE of Xa7 is a close mimic of the EBE of SWEET14 for TALe-induced disease *** expression of Xa7 triggers cell death in ***7 is prevalent in indica rice accessions from 3000 rice ***7 appears to be an adaptation that protects against pathogen exploitation of SWEET14 and disease susceptibility.

关键词： Xa7 TAL effector Xanthomonas bacterial blight disease resistance SWEET14

Interface engineering of porous Fe^(2)P-WO_(2.92) catalyst with oxygen vacancies for highly active and stable large-current oxygen evolution and overall water splitting

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 574-582页

作者： Qimin Peng Qiuting He Yan Hu Tayirjan taylor Isimjan Ruobing Hou Xiulin Yang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Saudi Arabia Basic Industries corporation(SABIc)at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

constructing a low cost,and high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalyst is of great significance for improving the performance of alkaline electrolyzer,which is still suffering from highenergy ***,we created a porous iron phosphide and tungsten oxide self-supporting electrocatalyst with oxygen-containing vacancies on foam nickel(Fe_(2)P-WO_(2.92)/NF)through a facile insitu growth,etching and phosphating *** sequence-controllable strategy will not only generate oxygen vacancies and improve the charge transfer between Fe_(2)P and WO_(2.92) components,but also improve the catalyst porosity and expose more active *** studies illustrate that the Fe_(2)P-WO_(2.92)/NF catalyst presents good OER activity with a low overpotential of 267 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2),a small Tafel slope of 46.3 mV dec^(-1),high electrical conductivity,and reliable stability at high current density(100 mA cm^(-2) for over 60 h in 1.0 M KOH solution).Most significantly,the operating cell voltage of Fe_(2)P-WO_(2.92)/NF‖Pt/c is as low as 1.90 V at 400 mA cm^(-2) in alkaline condition,which is one of the lowest reported in the *** electrocatalytic mechanism shows that the oxygen vacancies and the synergy between Fe_(2)P and WO_(2.92) can adjust the electronic structure and provide more reaction sites,thereby synergistically increasing OER *** work provides a feasible strategy to fabricate high-efficiency and stable non-noble metal OER electrocatalysts on the engineering interface.

关键词： Fe^(2)P-WO_(2.92) Interface engineering Oxygen vacancy Oxygen evolution Overall water splitting

Role of microbubble ultrasound contrast agents in the non-invasive assessment of chronic hepatitis c-related liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3461-3465页

作者： Scott Grier Adrian KP Lim Nayna Patel Jeremy FL cobbold Howard c Thomas Isobel J cox Simon D taylor-Robinson Liver Unit St Mary's Hospital campus Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Imaging Sciences Hammersmith Hospital campus Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom

Patients who are chronically infected with the hepatitis c virus often develop chronic liver disease and assessment of the severity of liver injury is required prior to considering viral eradication therapy. This article examines the various assessment methods currently available from gold standard liver biopsy to serological markers and imaging. Ultrasound is one of the most widely used imaging modalities in clinical practice and is already a first-line diagnostic tool for liver disease. Microbubble ultrasound contrast agents allow higher resolution images to be obtained and functional assessments of microvascular change to be carried out. The role of these agents in quantifying the state of hepatic injury is discussed as a viable method of determining the stage and grade of liver disease in patients with hepatitis c. Although currently confined to specialist centres, the availability of microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound will inevitably increase in the clinical setting.

关键词： Hepatitis c Microbubble contrast agents Ultrasound

STUDY ON THE INFLUENcES OF BUBBLY OIL ON THE cAVITATION EROSION IN JOURNAL BEARINGS OF ENGINES

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chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2001年第4期14卷 378-380,384页

作者： An Qi (Mechanical Engineering Department,East china University of Science and Technology) Priest M, taylor c M (The University of Leeds,LS2 9JT,UK) 华东理工大学上海 The University of Leeds 英国

A simulating experimental device for journal bearings of engines is established by use of the mechanism of ultrasonic vibration This device can make the pressure inside the oil film changed at ultrasonic frequency,which enable the specimen surface to be damaged by cavitation erosion in a comparatively short time connecting with the bubbly oil producing device,this rig can investigate the influence of bubbly oil on the cavitation erosion Through detailed experimental research it is found that the bubbly oil decreases the cavitation erosion in journal bearings of engines This result is analyzed reasonably from mechanism of cavitation erosion.

关键词： cavitation erosion Bubbly oil Journal bearing Engine

Flexible thermoelectric generator with liquid metal interconnects and low thermal conductivity silicone filler

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npj Flexible Electronics 2021年第1期5卷 25-36页

作者： Viswanath Padmanabhan Ramesh Yasaman Sargolzaeiaval taylor Neumann Veena Misra Daryoosh Vashaee Michael D.Dickey Mehmet c.Ozturk Department of Electrical and computer Engineering NC State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering NC State UniversityRaleighNCUSA

Harvesting body heat using thermoelectricity provides a promising path to realizing self-powered,wearable electronics that can achieve continuous,long-term,uninterrupted health *** paper reports a flexible thermoelectric generator(TEG)that provides efficient conversion of body heat to electrical *** device relies on a low thermal conductivity aerogel–silicone composite that secures and thermally isolates the individual semiconductor elements that are connected in series using stretchable eutectic gallium-indium(EGaIn)liquid metal *** composite consists of aerogel particulates mixed into polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)providing as much as 50%reduction in the thermal conductivity of the silicone *** on the wrist,the flexible TEGs present output power density figures approaching 35μWcm^(−2)at an air velocity of 1.2 ms^(−1),equivalent to walking *** results suggest that these flexible TEGs can serve as the main energy source for low-power wearable electronics.

关键词： wear conductivity generator

Heating demand and economic feasibility analysis for year-round vegetable production in canadian Prairies greenhouses

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第1期6卷 81-90页

作者： Md Shamim Ahamed Huiqing Guo Lisa taylor Karen Tanino Department of Farm Power and Machinery Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityBangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanCanada

Greenhouse vegetable production in canadian Prairies is important for creating a sustainable regional food economy,especially in northern *** study included the estimation of heating demand for year-round production and evaluation of the economic feasibility of greenhouse vegetable production(tomato,cucumber,and pepper)in a conceptually designed greenhouse(0.6 ha)located in remote northern communities in Saskatchewan,*** heating simulation was based on a greenhouse heating simulation model(GREENHEAT)developed by the authors *** simulation results showed that the annual heating requirement for the production of tomato,cucumber,and pepper are 1486 MJ m^2,1657 MJ m^2,and 1754 MJ m^2,*** economic analysis indicates the net return(NR)from the production of tomato,cucumber,and pepper,are c$69.2/m^2(in canadian dollar,cAD),c$41.5/m^2,and c$43.8/m^2,respectively,based on the market price c$3.5/kg,c$2.7/kg,and c$8.0/kg,and yields of 55.0 kg m^-2,65.0 kg m^-2,and 23.0 kg m^-*** net present value(NPV)for the tomato,cucumber,and pepper production are c$1.9 M,c$1.2 M,and c$1.1 M,respectively,and the benefit-cost ratio(BcR)are 1.38,1.21,and *** economic feasibility analysis indicates the year-round production of vegetables in a greenhouse at remote northern Saskatchewan would be economically profitable.

关键词： Northern latitudes Heating requirement Economic analysis Sensitivity analysis Year-round production

Immunogenetic phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3645-3650页

作者： Maria c Dubinsky Kent taylor Stephan R Targan Jerome I Rotter Departments of Pediatrics Medicine and Medical Genetics InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles CAUnited States

The currently accepted etiopathogenic hypothesis suggests that the chronic intestinal inflammation and related systemic manifestations characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） are due to an overly aggressive or pathologic immune response to resident luminal bacterial constituents. Predisposing factors are genetic dysregulation of mucosal immune responses and/ or barrier function, with onset triggered by environmental stimuli. These factors and their interactions may also be important determinants of disease phenotype and disease progression. The emergence of immunogenetic phenotypes lends support to the proposed hypothesis that susceptibility genes regulate distinct immune processes, driven by luminal antigens, expressed as specific immune phenotypes which in turn influence clinical phenotypes in IBD patient.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immunereactivity Disease phenotype