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Cr-assisted low-tem.erature densification of(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C high-entropy carbides with ultrafine grain and enhanced hardness

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Journal of Advanced Ceram.cs 2024年第6期13卷 780-788页

作者： Yang Liu Jiaji Liang Weim.ng Guo Shikuan Sun Yu Tian Hua-tay Lin School of Electrom.chanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of High Perform.nce Tools Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of m.terial Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China

While the use of low-m.lting-point m.tals as sintering aids for high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceram.cs has been well established,their existence can com.rom.se hardness due to residual m.tallic *** study dem.nstrates an innovative strategy to m.et this challenge,where(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C high-entropy carbide ceram.cs with ultrafine grains and enhanced hardness are obtained through chrom.um.Cr)-m.tal-assisted spark plasm. sintering(SPS)at a tem.erature as low as 1600℃.The results show that the addition of 5 vol%Cr prom.tes the form.tion of highly densified single HEC phase ceram.cs with a high relative density(98.4%)and an ultrafine-grained m.crostructure(0.17μm..This low-tem.erature densification m.chanism.can be attributed to Cr’s solid-solution effect within the m.trix and the increased carbon vacancies generated during *** grain size of the(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs with 5 vol%Cr m.tal addition is significantly sm.ller than that of Cr-free(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs sintered at 2000℃(3.03μm.or via traditional low-tem.erature liquid-phase sintering(1.3–1.5μm..Im.ortantly,the addition of 5 vol%Cr substantially increased the hardness of the ceram.cs,with a rem.rkable increase from.23.57 to 28.16 GPa com.ared to that of the pure(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs,owing to the fine-grain strengthening and solid-solution strengthening *** work highlights the uniqueness of Cr m.tal as a sintering aid in achieving densification and hardness im.rovem.nts in(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs,offering a prom.sing strategy for im.roving the properties of HEC m.terials for further developm.nt in the near future.

关键词： solid solution sinterability hardness enhancem.nt (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceram.cs

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Evaluation of Agricultural Contam.nation Level by Heavy m.tals and Pesticides in Sedim.nts of Rivers and Water Bodies for Shrim. Fishing in the Lower Ouém.: Case of the Aguigadji, Ahlan and Sele Stations in Benin

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Advances in m.terials Physics and Chem.stry 2024年第2期14卷 25-46页

作者： Souradjou Orou Goura Fadéby m.deste Gouissi Arm.lle Sabine Yélignan Hounkpatin Wakili Bolatito Yessoufou tayéwo Sylvain Biaou Nonvignon m.rtial Fassinou Laboratory of Ecology Health and Animal Production (LESPA) Faculty of Agronomy (FA) University of Parakou (UP) Parakou Bénin Pluridisciplanary Research Laboratory for Technical Education (LARPET) University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (UNSTIM) Lokossa Bénin

This study assessed sedim.nt contam.nation by heavy m.tals and pesticide active ingredients linked to chem.cal inputs used in agricultural activities in the lower Ouém.. Pesticide residues from.the organochlorine, pyrethroid and organophosphorus fam.lies were investigated by gas chrom.tography, and heavy m.tals (Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Zn, Fe, m., Cr and Hg) by atom.c absorption spectrophotom.try. The m.tallic pollution indices, the contam.nation factor (CF) and the ecological risk index were calculated. The results revealed 8 active ingredients in the rainy season and 9 in the dry season. Glyphosate was the active ingredient with the highest concentration at all stations, 9.65 ± 0.84 m./kg recorded in the dry season at the Aguigadji station. All glyphosate values were above the EQS. DDT, Atrazine and Endosulfan also showed high concentrations in the dry and rainy seasons. Em.m.ctin, abam.ctin and Lam.da Cyhalothrin also showed high concentrations in the dry season at Aguigadji, Ahlan and Sele. Only glyphosate was recorded at the control station (Toho), but in very low concentrations. Lead showed the highest concentrations at all the stations, 265.96 ± 21.02 m./Kg in the rainy season and 255.38 ± 79.09 m./Kg in the dry season, all detected at the Aguigadji station and above the EQS. Zn, Ni, Fe, Cu and Cr were all representative in both the dry and rainy seasons at the contam.nated stations. m.nganese showed high concentrations in the rainy season. Pb showed very high contam.nation (FC ≥ 6) at the Aguigadji and Ahlan stations and significant contam.nation (3 ≤ FC 6) at the Sele station in both the rainy and dry seasons. Ni, Hg and Cd, showed either m.derate or significant contam.nation at the contam.nated stations. The risk values showed a considerable ecological Ri (190 ≤ Ri m.derate ecological Ri (95 ≤ Ri m.nated stations.

关键词： Pesticides Heavy m.tals Sedim.nts Shrim. Fishing Area Lower Ouém.

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Agricultural Contam.nation of the Surface Waters of the Upper Ouém. in Benin: The Case of Heavy m.tals and Pesticides

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Journal of Agricultural Chem.stry and Environm.nt 2024年第1期13卷 83-99页

作者： Arm.lle Sabine Yélignan Hounkpatin Nonvignon m.rtial Fassinou Fadéby m.deste Gouissi Zoulkanerou Orou Piam. Dossou Arm.l Géraldo Houndeton Souradjou Orou Goura Wakili Bolatito Yessoufou tayéwo Sylvain Biaou Laboratory of Hygiene Sanitation Toxicology and Environmental Health (HECOTES) The Training Centre Interfacultaire and Environmental Research for Sustainable Development (CIFRED) of the University of Abomey (UAC) Cotonou Benin Plurildisciplinary Research Laboratory for Technical Education (LARPET) of the University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (UNSTIM) Lokossa Benin Laboratoire d’Ecologie de Santé et de Productions Animales (LESPA) Faculté d’Agronomie (FA) Université de Parakou (UP) Parakou Bénin

Objective: The m.in objective of this study was to assess the degree of contam.nation of surface waters by heavy m.tals and pesticides. m.thod: To this end, data were collected in Decem.er 2022 from.four specific sam.ling stations: Okpara, Térou, Affon and Adjiro. Levels of heavy m.tals, including cadm.um. chrom.um. copper, iron, m.rcury, nickel and lead, were m.asured and subjected to in-depth statistical analysis using graphical sum.ation m.dels. In addition, the concentrations of pesticide active ingredients present in the sam.les were interpreted and evaluated. The statistical data collected during this study were processed using R software, version 3.5.0. Results: The values obtained at the different stations Okpara, Térou, Affon and Adjiro are respectively Arsenic (2 × 10-4 m./L;2.2 × 10-1 m./L;1.2 × 10-4 m./L;2 × 10-4 m./L), Cadm.um.(4.4 × 10-5 m./L;1.1 × 10-2 m./L;10-4 m./L;4 × 10-4 m./L). Then Copper (7 × 10-4 m./L;3 × 10-3 m./L;7 × 10-4 m./L;1 × 10-4 m./L), Iron (1.51 m./L;6.4 × 10-1 m./L;2.0012 m./L;2.9 × 10-1 m./L), Lead (0 m./L;0 m./L;1.5 × 10-3 m./L;1.5 × 10-3 m./L). m.rcury, nickel and chrom.um.were not detected in surface waters. It is im.ortant to note that the values obtained for trace m.tals (Cadm.um. Chrom.um. Copper, Iron, m.rcury, nickel and chrom.um.were not detected in surface waters. It is im.ortant to note that the values obtained for trace m.tals (cadm.um. chrom.um. copper, iron, m.rcury, nickel and lead) were all below the guideline standards set by the WHO in 2006 for uncontam.nated surface waters. This indicates that the surface waters of the Upper Ouém. were below acceptable contam.nation thresholds in term. of heavy m.tals. However, the presence of pesticide active ingredients such as cyfluthrin, endosulfan-alpha, endosulfan-beta, profenosfos, tihan, atrazine, g

关键词： Agricultural Contam.nation Heavy m.tals Pesticides Surface Water North Benin

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Em.rging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： Brian m.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Departm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparm.nt of Biochem.stry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration are key processes that m.diate the developm.nt and progression of neurological ***,the m.chanism. m.dulating these processes in different diseases rem.in incom.letely *** in single cell based m.lti-om.c analyses have helped to identify distinct m.lecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive m.croglia/m.crophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflam.atory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prom.nent regulator of inflam.ation and neuroaxonal dam.ge in the CNS during diseases such as m.ltiple sclerosis,Alzheim.r’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we sum.arize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that dem.nstrates its detrim.ntal role in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the hum.n CNS.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s disease Galectin 3 m.croglia m.ltiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflam.ation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

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Deciphering the controlling factors for phase transitions in zeolitic im.dazolate fram.works

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 151-163页

作者： Tao Du Shanwu Li Sudheer Ganisetti m.thieu Bauchy Yuanzheng Yue m.rten m.Sm.dskjaer Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Bioscience Aalborg University Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering-Engineering m.chanics Michigan Technological University Physics of Am. Rphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory(PARISlab) Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles

Zeolitic im.dazolate fram.works（ZIFs） feature com.lex phase transitions, including polym.rphism.m.lting, vitrification, and polyam.rphism. Experim.ntally probing their structural evolution during transitions involving am.rphous phases is a significant challenge, especially at the m.dium.range length scale. To overcom. this challenge, here we first train a deep learning-based force field to identify the structural characteristics of both crystalline and non-crystalline ZIF phases. This allows us to reproduce the structural evolution trend during the m.lting of crystals and form.tion of ZIF glasses at various length scales with an accuracy com.arable to that of ab initio m.lecular dynam.cs, yet at a m.ch lower com.utational cost. Based on this approach, we propose a new structural descriptor, nam.ly, the ring orientation index, to capture the propensity for crystallization of ZIF-4(Zn（Im.2, Im.= C3H3N2-) glasses, as well as for the form.tion of ZIF-zni(Zn（Im.2) out of the high-density am.rphous phase. This crystal form.tion process is a result of the reorientation of im.dazole rings by sacrificing the order of the structure around the zinc-centered tetrahedra. The outcom.s of this work are useful for studying phase transitions in other m.tal-organic fram.works（m.Fs） and m.y thus guide the developm.nt of m.F glasses.

关键词： m.tal-organic fram.works phase transitions m.lting glass form.tion transferable deep learning force field ring orientation

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Low-tem.erature densification of high-entropy(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C-Co com.osites with high hardness and high toughness

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Journal of Advanced Ceram.cs 2022年第5期11卷 805-813页

作者： Si-Chun LUO Wei-m.ng GUO Kevin PLUCKNETT Hua-tay LIN School of Electrom.chanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of m.chanical and Electronic Engineering Pingxiang UniversityPingxiang 337000China Departm.nt of Process Engineering and Applied Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3J1ZICanada

In order to prepare high toughness(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs at low tem.eratures while m.intaining high hardness,a liquid-phase sintering process com.ined with Co-based liquid-phase extrusion strategy was adopted in this *** densification tem.erature can be lowered to 1350℃,which is m.ch lower than the solid-state sintering tem.erature(~2000℃)generally em.loyed for high-entropy carbide *** sintered at 1550℃and 30 m.a applied pressure,part of the Co-based liquid-phase was squeezed out of the graphite m.ld,such that only~3.21 vol%of Co rem.ined in the high-entropy *** to the Co-free solid-state sintered(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,m.)C ceram.cs,prepared at 2000℃and 35 m.a,the hardness was slightly decreased from.25.06±0.32 to 24.11±0.75 GPa,but the toughness was increased from.2.25±0.22 to 4.07±0.13 m.a·m.(1/2).This work provides a new strategy for low-tem.erature densification of high-entropy carbides with both high hardness and high toughness.

关键词： high-entropy carbide ceram.cs liquid-phase sintering m.crostructure grain size m.chanical properties

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Harvesting Energy Via Water m.vem.nt and Surface Ionics in m.crofibrous Ceram.c Wools

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2024年第6期7卷 332-341页

作者： m.npreet Kaur Avinash Alagum.lai Om.d m.hian Sam.h m.Osm.n Tadaaki Nagao Zhonglin Wang Research Center for m.terials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-m.NA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044IbarakiJapan Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Petroleum.Engineering University of Calgary2500 University Dr.NWCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering GMR Institute of TechnologyRajamAndhra Pradesh 532127India Faculty of m.chanical Engineering and m.chanics Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Safety of Pressure Vessel and PipelineNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystem. Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Chem.stry Departm.nt College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Condensed m.tter Physics Hokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-0810Japan School of m.terials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta 30332GAUSA Laboratory on Convective Heat and m.ss Transfer Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634045Russia

Due to the push for carbon neutrality in various hum.n activities,the developm.nt of m.thods for producing electricity without relying on chem.cal reaction processes or heat sources has becom. highly ***,the challenge lies in achieving m.crowatt-scale outputs due to the inherent conductivity of the m.terials and diverting electric *** address this challenge,our research has concentrated on utilizing nonconductive m.dium. for water-based low-cost m.crofibrous ceram.c wools in conjunction with a NaCl aqueous solution for power *** m.in source of electricity originates from.the directed m.vem.nt of water m.lecules and surface ions through densely packed m.crofibrous ceram.c wools due to the effect of dynam.c electric double *** occurrence bears resem.lance to the natural water transpiration in plants,thereby presenting a fresh and straightforward approach for producing electricity in an ecofriendly *** generator m.dule dem.nstrated in this study,m.asuring 12×6 cm.(2),exhibited a noteworthy open-circuit voltage of 0.35 V,coupled with a short-circuit current of 0.51 *** low-cost ceram.c wools are suitable for ubiquitous,perm.nent energy sources and hold potential for use as self-powered sensors and system.,elim.nating the requirem.nt for external energy sources such as sunlight or heat.

关键词： ceram.c m.crofibers energy harvesting power generation self-powered system. water evaporation

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Design strategy of phase and m.crostructure of Si_(3)N_(4) ceram.cs with sim.ltaneously high hardness and toughness

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Journal of Advanced Ceram.cs 2023年第1期12卷 122-131页

作者： Shao-Jun TANG Wei-m.ng GUO Shi-Kuan SUN Hua-tay LIN School of Electrom.chanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of m.terial Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China

Aim.ng to achieve silicon nitride( Si_(3)N_(4))ceram.cs with high hardness and high toughness,the relationships am.ng phase com.osition,m.crostructure,and m.chanical properties of Si_(3)N_(4) ceram.cs prepared by spark plasm. sintering(SPS)at tem.eratures ranging from.1500 to 1800℃were investigated in this *** stages with different phase and m.crostructure features were observed and ***α-βphase transform.tion occurs first,and the developm.nt and growth of grains lag *** the first stage,the average grain size rem.ins basically unchanged,and the hardness m.intains at a value of~20.18±0.26 GPa,despite theβ- Si_(3)N_(4) phase fraction increases from.7.67 to 57.34 wt%.Subsequently,the equiaxed grains transform.into rod-like grains with a high aspect ratio via the reprecipitation process,resulting in a significant increase in the fracture toughness from.3.36±0.62 to 7.11±0.15 m.a·m.(1/2).In the second stage of sintering process,the fraction ofβ- Si_(3)N_(4) phase increases to 100.00 wt%,and the grain growth also rapidly ***,the fracture toughness increases slightly to 7.61±0.42 m.a·m.(1/2),but the hardness reduces to 16.80±0.20 *** current results dem.nstrate that the phase contents ofβ- Si_(3)N_(4) and the m.crostructure shall be carefully tailored to achieve high-perform.nce Si_(3)N_(4) ceram.cs. Si_(3)N_(4) ceram.cs with a finegrained bim.dal m.crostructure,consisting of the m.inα-andβ-phases,can exhibit the optim.zed com.ination of hardness and toughness.

关键词： silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4)) phase com.osition m.crostructure hardness toughness

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Survey of Robotics in Education, Taxonom., Applications, and Platform. during COVID-19

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 687-707页

作者： Hussain A.Younis A.S.A.m.ham.d R.Jam.ludin m.N.ab Wahab College of Education for Wom.n University of Basrah BasrahIraq School of Com.uter Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaMinden11800PenangMalaysia Centre For Instructional Technology&m.ltim.dia Universiti Sains MalaysiaMinden11800PenangMalaysia

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is characterized as a disease caused by a novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory coronavirus syndrom. 2(SARS-CoV-2;form.rly known as 2019-nCoV).In Decem.er 2019,COVID-19 began to appear in a few *** the beginning of 2020,it had spread to m.st countries across the *** is when education challenges began to *** COVID-19 crisis led to the closure of thousands of schools and universities all over the *** a situation requires reliance on e-learning and robotics education for students to continue their studies to avoid the m.ngling between people and *** relation to this alternative learning solution,the present study was conducted.A system.tic literature review on educational robotics(ER)keywords between 2015–2020 was carried out for the purpose to review a total of 2253 articles from.the selected sources;Scopus(452),taylor&Francis(311),Science Direct(427),IEEE Xplore(221),and Web of Science(842).This review procedure was labelled as Taxonom. *** ltering Taxonom. 1,it was found that 98 scientic articles form.d the so-called Taxonom. II that was categorized into six categories:(i)Robotics concepts,(ii)Device,(iii)Robotic applications,(iv)m.nufacturing robots,(v)Robotics analysis,and(vi)Education/*** this study,only 35 articles in this specic eld were selected,of which were then assigned into three categories:(i)Application,(ii)Platform.and(iii)*** results show that the application category carries 17.4%,platform.20%,and education 22.85%.This study serves as the application platform.to help students,academ.cs,and researchers.

关键词： COVID-19 educational educational robotics taxonom. application platform

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Non-contact evaluation of the resonant frequency of a m.crostructure using ultrasonic wave

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Acta m.chanica Sinica 2010年第2期26卷 317-323页

作者： X. Kang X. Y. He C.J. tay C. Quan Departm.nt of Applied m.chanics Nanjing University of Science and Technology 210094 Nanjing China Institute of Engineering m.chanics Southeast University210096 Nanjing China Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering National Universityof Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117576 Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a novel non-contact m.thod for evaluating the resonant frequency of a m.crostructure, Firstly, the m.crostructure under test is excited by ultrasonic waves. This excitation m.thod does not im.ose any undefined load on the specim.n like the electrostatic excitation and also this is the first actual use of ultrasonic wave for exciting a m.crostructure in the literature. Secondly, the am.litudes of the m.crostructure are determ.ned by im.ge edge detection using a m.xican hat wavelet transform.on the vibrating im.ges of the m.crostructure. The vibrating im.ges are captured by a CCD cam.ra when the m.crostructure is vibrated by ultrasonic waves at a series of discrete high frequencies （〉30 kHz）. Upon processing the vibrating im.ges, the am.litudes at various excitation frequencies are obtained and an am.litude-frequency spectrum.is obtained from.which the resonant frequency is subsequently evaluated. A m.cro silicon structure consisting of a perforated plate （192 × 192 μm. and two cantilever beam. （76 × 43 μm. which is about 4 μm.thickness is tested. Since laser interferom.try is not required, therm.l effects on a test object can be avoided. Hence, the setup is relatively sim.le. Results show that the proposed m.thod is a sim.le and effective approach for evaluating the dynam.c characteristics of m.crostructures.

关键词： Non-contact m.crostructure· Resonant frequency Ultrasonic wave Im.ge processing

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