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Endoscopic surveillance of gastric cancers after Helicobacter pylori eradication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10553-10562页

作者： Masaaki Kobayashi Yuichi Sato Shuji terai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences

The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer remains high in East Asian countries. Current data suggest that Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication might be more effective for preventing gastric cancer in young people before they develop atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. However, the long-term effect of H. pylori eradication on metachronous cancer prevention after endoscopic resection(ER) of early gastric cancer remains controversial, with some discordance between results published for Japanese and Korean *** detection ability of synchronous lesions before ER and eradication of H. pylori directly influences these results. After eradication, some gastric cancers are more difficult to diagnose by endoscopy because of morphologic changes that lead to a flat or depressed appearance. Narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy(NBI-ME) is expected to be useful for identifying metachronous cancers. However, some gastric cancers after eradication show a "gastritislike"appearance under NBI-ME. The gastritis-like appearance correlates with the histological surface differentiation of the cancer tubules and superficial non-neoplastic epithelium atop or interspersed with the cancer. Till date, it remains unclear whether *** eradication could prevent progression of gastric cancer. Until we can establish more useful endoscopic examination methodologies, regular endoscopic surveillance of high-risk groups is expected to be the most beneficial approach for detection.

关键词： Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori Atrophic gastri

Optical spectroscopy and photometry of main-belt asteroids with a high orbital inclination

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第2期17卷 43-50页

作者： Aya Iwai Yoichi Itoh Tsuyoshi terai Ranjan Gupta Asoke Sen Jun Takahashi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki 305-8563Japan Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory Center for AstronomyUniversity of HyogoISIyogo 679-5313Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan HiloHawaii 96720USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics GaneshkhindPune 411 007India Department of Physics Assam UniversitySilchar 788 001India

We carried out low-resolution optical spectroscopy of 51 main-belt asteroids, most of which have highly-inclined orbits. They are selected from D-type candidates in the SDSS-MOC 4 catalog. Using the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope and the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics 2 m telescope in India, we determined the spectral types of 38 asteroids. Among them, eight asteroids were classified as D-type asteroids. Fractions of D-type asteroids are 3.0 ± 1.1% for low orbital inclination main-belt asteroids and 7.3 ± 2.0% for high orbital inclination main-belt asteroids. The results of our study indicate that some D-type asteroids were formed within the ecliptic region between the main belt and Jupiter, and were then perturbed by Jupiter.

关键词： minor planets, asteroids general -- techniques spectroscopic

Application of Kelvin Probe to Studies of Fusion Reactor Materials under Irradiation

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第4期7卷 2982-2984页

作者：罗广南 K.Yamaguchi T.terai M.Yamawaki Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo7-3-1 KongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Neutron Science Rearch Center Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute 2-4 ShirakataTokai-muraIbaraki319-1195Japan

Recently, the work function （WF） changes in metallic and ceramic materials to be potentially used in future fusion reactors have been examined by means of Kelvin probe （KP）, under He ion irradiation in high energy （MeV） and / or low energy （500 eV） ranges. The results of polycrystalline Ni samples indicate that the 1 MeV beam only induces decrease in the WF within the experimental fluence range; whereas the irradiation of 500 eV beam results in decrease in the WF firstly, then increase till saturation. A dual layer surface model is employed to explain the observed phenomena, together with computer simulation results by SRIM code. Charges buildup on the surface of lithium ceramics has been found to greatly influence the probe output, which can be explained qualitatively using a model concerning an induction electric field due to external field and free charges on the ceramic surface.

关键词： fusion reactor materials work function irradiation

Management of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第30期22卷 6817-6828页

作者： Yuichi Sato Satoru Hashimoto Ken-ichi Mizuno Manabu Takeuchi Shuji terai Department of Gastroenterology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Division of Endoscopy Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) are rare neoplasms, like all NETs. However, the incidence of GI-NETS has been increasing in recent years. Gastric NETs (G-NETs) and duodenal NETs (D-NETs) are the common types of upper GI-NETs based on tumor location. G-NETs are classified into three distinct subgroups: type I, II, and III. Type I G-NETs, which are the most common subtype (70%-80% of all G-NETs), are associated with chronic atrophic gastritis, including autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter pylori associated atrophic gastritis. Type II G-NETs (5%-6%) are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (MEN1-ZES). Both type I and II G-NETs are related to hypergastrinemia, are small in size, occur in multiple numbers, and are generally benign. In contrast, type III G-NETs (10%-15%) are not associated with hypergastrinemia, are large-sized single tumors, and are usually malignant. Therefore, surgical resection and chemotherapy are generally necessary for type III G-NETs, while endoscopic resection and follow-up, which are acceptable for the treatment of most type I and II G-NETs, are only acceptable for small and well differentiated type III G-NETs. D-NETs include gastrinomas (50%-60%), somatostatin-producing tumors (15%), nonfunctional serotonin-containing tumors (20%), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (< 3%), and gangliocytic paragangliomas (< 2%). Most D-NETs are located in the first or second part of the duodenum, with 20% occurring in the periampullary region. Therapy for D-NETs is based on tumor size, location, histological grade, stage, and tumor type. While endoscopic resection may be considered for small nonfunctional D-NETs (G1) located in the higher papilla region, surgical resection is necessary for most other D-NETs. However, there is no consensus regarding the ideal treatment of D-NETs.

关键词： Gastric neuroendocrine tumors Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors Classification Endoscopic treatment Endoscopic submucosal dissection

Diversion colitis and pouchitis: A mini-review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第16期24卷 1734-1747页

作者： Kentaro Tominaga Kenya Kamimura Kazuya Takahashi Junji Yokoyama Satoshi Yamagiwa Shuji terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University

Diversion colitis is characterized by inflammation of the mucosa in the defunctioned segment of the colon after colostomy or ileostomy. Similar to diversion colitis, diversion pouchitis is an inflammatory disorder occurring in the ileal pouch, resulting from the exclusion of the fecal stream and a subsequent lack of nutrients from luminal bacteria. Although the vast majority of patients with surgically-diverted gastrointestinal tracts remain asymptomatic, it has been reported that diversion colitis and pouchitis might occur in almost all patients with diversion. Surgical closure of the stoma, with reestablishment of gut continuity, is the only curative intervention available for patients with diversion disease. Pharmacologic treatments using short-chain fatty acids, mesalamine, or corticosteroids are reportedly effective for those who are not candidates for surgical reestablishment; however, there are no established assessment criteria for determining the severity of diversion colitis, and no management strategies to date. Therefore, in this mini-review, we summarize and review various recently-reported treatments for diversion disease. We are hopeful that the information summarized here will assist physicians who treat patients with diversion colitis and pouchitis, leading to better case management.

关键词： Diversion colitis Diversion pouchitis Ileitis Inflammatory bowel disease

Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第19期9卷 5112-5125页

作者： Haruka Hirono Kazuhiko Watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa Masaki Kohno Shuji terai Shogo Ohkoshi Department of Internal Medicine The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at NiigataNiigata 951-8580Japan The Center for Dental Sleep Medicine The Nippon Dental University Niigata HospitalNiigata 951-8580Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigata 951-8510Japan

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)has been suggested as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)is the first-line therapy for *** To clarify the efficacy of effective CPAP therapy on NAFLD of OSA patients by serum markers and transient elastography(TE)using FibroScan®(Echosens,Paris,France).METHODS We prospectively enrolled 123 consecutive patients with OSA who met the indications for *** fibrosis and steatosis were assessed using *** and after 6 mo of CPAP therapy,serum markers and TE were assessed for all *** mean usage rate of CPAP therapy for 6 mo was arbitrarily calculated in each patient and expressed as“mean compliance index”(m-CI).RESULTS In 50 OSA patients with NAFLD,both aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were significantly decreased after 6 mo of CPAP *** analysis showed that decreased body weight(BW),decreased body mass index(BMI),decreased AST level,decreased hemoglobin A1c,and high m-CI were significantly related with improved ALT *** multivariate regression model adjusted for quantities of BW change during 6 mo of CPAP therapy,high m-CI tended to improve ALT level(P=0.051).All 17 OSA patients with NAFLD,high m-CI and no BMI changes showed significant improvements in AST and ALT ***,no significant changes in TE data or serum fibrosis markers were *** Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW *** those cases,adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obstructive sleep apnea Continuous positive airway pressure Chronic intermittent hypoxia Transient elastography

Pyloric-gland metaplasia may be an origin of cancer and intestinal metaplasia with possible CDX2 expression

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第4期9卷 370-373,I0003页

作者： Kazuyoshi Yagi Atsunori Tsuchiya Satoru Hashimoto Taisuke Kato Osamu Onodera Shuji terai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma Institute of Community MedicineNiigata University Medical and Dental HospitalNiigataJapan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders Brain Science BranchBrain Research InstituteNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan Department of Neurology Brain Research InstituteNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan

Introduction The majority of cases of gastric cancer are thought to develop due to chronic inflammation from Helicobacter pylori(***)infection leading to intestinal metaplasia,termed the intestinal metaplasia–dysplasia–cancer sequence[1].Chronic inflammation from *** infection causes mucin core protein 6-positive(MUC6t)pyloric-gland metaplasia;however,its origin is *** MUC6t pyloric-gland metaplasia is similar to spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia in mouse studies[2–4].

关键词：肠上皮化生幽门腺 Helicobacter CDX2

Considerations of elderly factors to manage the complication of liver cirrhosis in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第15期25卷 1817-1827页

作者： Kenya Kamimura Akira Sakamaki Hiroteru Kamimura Toru Setsu Takeshi Yokoo Masaaki Takamura Shuji terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University

The aging of the organ function causes sensitivity to the disease progression and need careful consideration for the medical treatment. With the increase of aging population, the opportunity to provide medical treatment for people in very old age is rapidly increasing therefore, the understanding of the various physiological changes of cellular function, size and function of organs are essential for the decision of therapeutic options. Among the various chronic conditions seen in elderly people, we have focused on liver cirrhosis, since despite specific therapeutic options for many of liver diseases including direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus, nucleoside analogs for hepatitis B, and corticosteroids for autoimmune hepatitis, there is currently no standard therapy to treat liver cirrhosis, which is the final stage of these liver diseases. Therefore,management of the various symptoms of liver cirrhosis is essential, and agingrelated parameters must be considered in the decision making for therapeutic strategies and dosage of the available medicine. In this mini-review, we have summarized the therapeutic options to manage various symptoms of liver cirrhosis, carefully considering the physiological changes of various organs associated with aging.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Elderly patients Quality of life Aging

Autonomic nervous system network and liver regeneration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第15期24卷 1616-1621页

作者： Kenya Kamimura Ryosuke Inoue Takuro Nagoya Norihiro Sakai Ryo Goto Masayoshi Ko Yusuke Niwa Shuji terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University

To date, various signal transducers, cytokines, growth factors, and hormones have been reported to play an important role in homeostasis of various organs. Various cells and organs are involved in the hepatic regeneration process, which proceeds as a result of the coordination of many factors. While these factors are well known to be involved in the liver regeneration after the liver injury, however, as the details of such mechanisms have not been sufficiently elucidated, the practical applicability of hepatic regeneration based on the action of these and cytokines growth factors is still unclear. In terms of the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in hepatic regeneration, cell proliferation resulting from direct signal transduction to the liver has also been reported and recent studies focusing on the inter-organ communication via neural network opened a novel aspect of this field for therapeutic applicability. Therefore, the appropriate understanding of the relationship between autonomic neural network and liver regeneration through various organs including brain, afferent nerve, efferent nerve, etc. is essential. This mini-review explains the principle of neural system involved in the inter-organ communication and its contribution on the liver regeneration upon the liver injury reviewing recent progress in this field.

关键词： Autonomic nerve Neural network Liver regeneration Hormone