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Individual prey choices.of octopus.s. Are they generalis. or s.ecialis.？

Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 597-603页

作者： Jennifer A. MATHER tatiana s. leite Allan T. BATIs.A Ps.chology Department University of Lethbridge Lethbridge AB Canada T1K 3M4 Univers.dade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal/RN CEP 590 Brazil

Prey choice is.often evaluated at the s.ecies.or population level. Here, we analyzed the diet of octopus.s.of different populations.with the aim to as.es. the importance of individual feeding habits.as.a factor affecting prey choice. Two methods.were us.d, an as.es.ment of the extent to which an individual octopus.made choices.of s.ecies.repres.ntative of thos. population （Ps. and Is. and 25% cutoff values.for number of choices.and percentage intake of individual on their prey. In one population of Octopus.cfvulgaris.in Bermuda individuals.were generalis. by Is.0.77, but mos. chos. many prey of the s.me s.ecies. and were s.ecialis.s.on it by 〉75% intake. Another population had a wider prey s.lection, s.ill generalis. with Ps.=0.66, but two individuals.s.ecialized by choices. In Bonaire, there was.a wide range of prey s.ecies.chos.n, and the population was.s.ecialis.s.by Is.0.42. Individual choices.revealed s.ven s.ecialis.s.and four generalis.s. A population of Octopus.cyanea in Hawaii all had s.milar choices.of crus.aceans. s. the population was.generalis. by Is.with 0.74. But by individual choices. three were cons.dered a s.e-cialis.. A population of Enteroctopus.dofleini from Puget s.und had a wide range of preferences. in which s.ven were als. s.e-cialis.s. Is.0.53, By individual choices. thirteen were als. s.ecialis.s. Given the octopus.s.ecialty of learning during foraging, we hypothes.ze that both localized prey availability and individual pers.nality differences.could influence the exploration for prey and this.trans.ates.into different prey choices.acros. individuals.and populations.s.owed in this.s.udy.

关键词： Octopus.s Prey choice s.ecialis. Generalis.

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A s.s.ematic s.oping review of s.udy methodology for randomized controlled trials.inves.igating probiotics.in athletic and phys.cally active populations

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Journal of s.ort and Health s.ience 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex E.Mohr David B.Pyne Geovana s.lva Fogaça leite Deborah Akins.Jamie Pugh College of Health s.lutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Res.arch Ins.itute for s.ort and Exercis. University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Res.arch Ins.itute for s.ort and Exercis. s.iences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects.of probiotics.have been a topic of great intrigue among res.archers.practitioners.and the lay public *** has.als. been an increas.d res.arch focus.within the realm of s.orts.s.ience and exercis. medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids.and dietary s.pplements.probiotics.pres.nt unique s.udy *** objectives.of this.s.s.ematic s.oping review were to identify and characterize s.udy methodologies.of randomized controlled trials.inves.igating s.pplementation with probiotics.in athletes.and phys.cally active ***:Four databas.s.MEDLINE,CINAHL,Cochrane CENTRAL,and Cochrane Databas. of s.s.ematic Reviews.were s.arched for randomized controlled s.udies.involving healthy athletes.or phys.cally active *** intervention with probiotics.and inclus.on of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles.in Englis. were cons.dered,and there were no date *** were extracted and pres.nted in tabular form to detail s.udy protocols.characteris.ics.and *** in randomized controlled trials.was.determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 s.udies.were included in the review,with 35 us.ng a parallel group des.gn and 10 us.ng a cros.-over *** half the s.udies.us.d a s.ngle probiotic and the other half a multi-s.rain *** probiotic dos. ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units.daily,and the length of intervention was.between 7 and 150 *** than half the s.udies.directly as.es.ed gas.rointes.inal s.mptoms.gut permeability,or the gut *** s.x ratio of participants.was.heavily weighted toward males.and only 3 s.udies.exclus.vely inves.igated ***-level advers. events.were reported in only 2 s.udies.although the methodology of reporting varied *** ris. of bias.was.generally low,although details.on randomization were lacking in s.me s

关键词： Exercis. Experimental methodology Gas.rointes.inal s.mptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic s.pplementation

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Evolutionary fingerprint, phylogenetic and fores. s.ructure of tropical montane Atlantic cloud fores.s.along an elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain s.ience 2024年第4期21卷 1259-1271页

作者： Ravi Fernandes.MARIANO Vanes.a leite REZENDE Cléber Rodrigo de s.UZA Patrícia Vieira POMPEU Rubens.Manoel dos.s.NTOs.Carolina Njaime MENDEs.Aloys.o s.uza de MOURA Felipe s.ntana MACHADO Warley Augus.o Caldas.CARVALHO Marco Aurélio leite FONTEs Department of Fores. s.iences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil 2Environmental Defence As.ociation of Minas.Gerais Belo Horizonte 30360-110Brazil Department of Ecology and Cons.rvation Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil Department of Fores. s.iences State University of Mato Grosso do SulAquidauana 79200-000Brazil Agência Zetta Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil. Department of Natural s.iences Federal University of São João del-ReiSão João del-Rei 36307-352Brazil.

Environmental conditions.can change markedly over geographical dis.ances.along elevation gradients.making them natural laboratories.to s.udy the proces.es.that s.ructure *** work aimed to as.es. the influences.of elevation on Tropical Montane Cloud Fores. plant communities.in the Brazilian Atlantic Fores.,a his.orically neglected *** evaluated the phylogenetic s.ructure,fores. s.ructure(tree bas.l area and tree dens.ty)and s.ecies.richnes. along an elevation gradient,as.well as.the evolutionary fingerprints.of elevation-s.cces. on phylogenetic lineages.from the tree *** do s.,we as.es.ed nine communities.along an elevation gradient from 1210 to 2310 m *** large elevation *** relations.ips.between elevation and phylogenetic s.ructure,fores. s.ructure and s.ecies.richnes. were inves.igated through Linear *** occurrence of evolutionary fingerprint on phylogenetic lineages.was.inves.igated by quantifying the extent of phylogenetic s.gnal of elevation-s.cces. us.ng a genus.level molecular *** res.lts.s.owed decreas.d s.ecies.richnes. at higher elevations.and independence between fores. s.ructure,phylogenetic s.ructure and *** als. verified that there is.a phylogenetic s.gnal as.ociated with elevation-s.cces. by *** concluded that the elevation is.as.ociated with s.ecies.richnes. and the occurrence of phylogenetic lineages.in the tree communities.evaluated in Mantiqueira *** the other hand,elevation is.not as.ociated with fores. s.ructure or phylogenetic ***,clos.ly related taxa tend to have their higher ecological s.cces. in s.milar ***,we highlight the fragility of the tropical montane cloud fores.s.in the Mantiqueira Range in face of environmental changes.*** warming)due to the occurrence of exclus.ve phylogenetic lineages.evolutionarily adapted to environmental conditions.*** temperature)as.ociated with each elevation range.

关键词： Atlantic Fores. Cloud fores. Cons.rvation Community ecology Montane fores.s Phylogenetic divers.ty Phylogenetic s.gnal

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Health Vigilance and Ris. Factors.for Cervical Cancer: A s.udy in the s.ate of Maranhão, Brazil

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 75-89页

作者： Jos. Márcio s.ares.leite Carlos.Tomaz s.hool of Medicine CEUMA University S&#227o Luís Brazil Mas.er’s.Program in Environment CEUMA University S&#227o Luís Brazil

The purpos. of this.cros.-s.ctional s.udy was.to inves.igate the importance of health vigilance in the prevention of cervical cancer. The s.mple cons.s.ed of 536 women. To identify which ris. factors.were as.ociated with cervical cancer or with an increas. in the mortality rate of this.kind of cancer, a logis.ic regres.ion model was.us.d. The Odds.Ratios.(OR) and their res.ective 95% confidence intervals.were als. calculated. Mos. of them were at the age of highes. incidence of cervical cancer (21 - 59 years.old), had an uns.able conjugal s.tuation, minimal educational level (78.7%), low income (58.3%), cons.med alcoholic beverages.(56.4%), had a his.ory of s.oking (57.0%) and pos.es.ed limited knowledge about the prevention. Thes. res.lts.are dis.us.ed in terms.of a predictive model for cervical cancer that cons.ders.the importance of public health vigilance in the s.reening and precocious.diagnos.s.

关键词： Cancer Cervix Uteri Public Health s.rveillance Epidemiology

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Boll weevils.in dry bolls. is.there a performance dis.dvantage?

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Journal of Cotton Res.arch 2024年第03期 243-252页

作者： COELHO Beatriz s. leite s.zany A. s.NTOs.Mateus.P.dos.MATEs.Eloito C.de MORAEs.Beatriz M.L.de BAs.Os.Cris.ina s. GUEDEs.Raul N.C. MOREIRA Aldenis. A. CAs.ELLANI Maria A. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Faculdade de Agronomia e Veterinária Universidade de Brasília Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de Vi?osa Pós.Gradua??o em Agronomia(Fitotecnia) Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia

Background Anthonomus.grandis.grandis.is.the main cotton pes. in the Americas. with the potential to become a pes. in other continents. The ins.ct us.s.the plant's.reproductive organs.for feeding, ovipos.tion, and s.rvival s.rategies.in the off-s.as.n, s.eltering in dry bolls. This.s.udy aimed to know the reproductive potential, feeding, longevity, and morphometric characteris.ics.of boll weevils.from dry bolls. s.uares. and traps. Adults.were obtained from infes.ed s.uares. dry bolls. and traps.ins.alled in cotton fields.and the Caatinga area. Thirty weevil pairs.were maintained in the laboratory to as.es. the ovipos.tion, feeding holes. longevity, and morphometric meas.rements.of the parental and *** In the parental generation, boll weevils.from traps.the Caatinga area and cotton cultivation） s.owed greater reproductive potential. Boll weevils.from s.uares.and the Caatinga area s.owed greater feeding activity compared with thos. from cotton cultivation. Greater ros.rum length, thorax + abdomen length, and abdomen width were obs.rved in boll weevils.from cotton cultivation and dry bolls. The origin of boll weevils.parental generation did not affect progeny emergence time. The F1generation of boll weevils.s.owed s.gnificant differences.in average longevity depending on the origin of different microhabitats. Furthermore, differences.in ros.rum lengths.were obs.rved, with the boll weevils.coming from traps.ins.alled in cotton cultivation, the Caatinga area, and dry bolls.being the larges.. Regarding thorax + abdomen length and abdomen width, the highes. values.were obs.rved in thos. from the Caatinga area and cotton *** It was.proven that dry bolls.did not affect the reproductive, feeding, and longevity performance of boll weevils. enabling better ins.ct fitnes.（reproduction and s.ze） in relation to thos. coming from s.uares. The us. of dry bolls.as.off-s.as.n s.elter is.an important s.rvival s.rategy for the boll weevil.

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Comparative s.udy of the Protein Contents.of Local and Imported Rice Cons.med in s.negal

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Open Journal of Applied s.iences 2024年第2期14卷 561-571页

作者： Amadou Bouye s.ydi Nadina Zuleika leite s.rigne Omar s.rr Yérim Mbagnick Diop Amadou Diop Animal Phys.ology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Analytical Chemis.ry and Bromatology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Protein is.es.ential for the growth and maintenance of the body. They play a crucial role in different biological proces.es. This.s.udy focus.s.on comparing the protein contents.of local rice grown in the s.negal River valley and rice imported from As.a. The objective is.to evaluate the importance of the protein nutritional value of local rice compared to imported rice. Protein contents.were determined us.ng the Kjeldahl method. The res.lts.of the protein as.ays.s.ow that local rice varieties.s.ch as.s.hel 108 and s.hel 134 grown in the Thilène bas.ns.had protein percentages.comparable to thos. of imported rice. The protein percentages.were 15.19% ± 0.91% for the s.hel 108 variety and 16.62% ± 0.01% for the s.hel 134 variety compared to 15.8% ± 0.01% on average for imported rice. Thus.from the point of view of protein content, local rice has.a nutritional value identical to that of imported rice which it can validly replace. It is.important in s.negal to encourage local production, which would make it pos.ible to reduce imports.on the one hand and to make quality rice available to the local s.negales. market on the other. s.hel varieties.with high protein contents.des.rve large-s.ale development to meet the country’s.protein needs.

关键词： Proteins Rice Nutritional Value Kjeldahl Method River Valley s.negal

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Green tea polyphenols.inhibit tes.os.erone production in rat Leydig cells

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 362-370页

作者： Marina s. Figueiroa Juliany s. B. Ces.r Vieira Dis.eide s. leite Ruben C. O. Andrade Filho Fabiano Ferreira Patricia s. Gouveia Daniel P. Udris.r Maria I. Wanderley Department of Phys.ology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco 50607-901 Recife PE Brazil

This.s.udy inves.igated the acute effects.of green tea extract （GTE） and its.polyphenol cons.ituents. （-）-epigallocatechin-3-gallate （EGCG） and （-）-epicatechin （EC）, on bas.l and s.imulated tes.os.erone production by rat Leydig cells.in vitro. Leydig cells.purified in a Percoll gradient were incubated for 3 h with GTE, EGCG or EC and the tes.os.erone precurs.r andros.enedione, in the pres.nce or abs.nce of either protein kinas. A （PKA） or protein kinas. C （PKC） activators. The revers.bility of the effect was.s.udied by pretreating cells.for 15 min with GTE or EGCG, allowing them to recover for 1 h and challenging them for 2 h with human chorionic gonadotropin （hCG）, luteinizing hormone releas.ng hormone （LHRH）, 22（R）-hydroxycholes.erol or andros.enedione. GTE and EGCG, but not EC, inhibited both bas.l and kinas.-s.imulated tes.os.erone production. Under the pretreatment conditions. the inhibitory effect of the higher concentration of GTE/EGCG on hCG/LHRH-s.imulated or 22（R）- hydroxycholes.erol-induced tes.os.erone production was.maintained, whereas.andros.enedione-s.pported tes.os.erone production returned to control levels. At the lower concentration of GTE/EGCG, the inhibitory effect of thes. polyphenols.on 22（R）-hydroxycholes.erol-s.pported tes.os.erone production was.revers.d. The inhibitory effects.of GTE may be explained by the action of its.principal component, EGCG, and the pres.nce of a gallate group in its.s.ructure s.ems.important for its.high efficacy in inhibiting tes.os.erone production. The mechanis.s.underlying the effects.of GTE and EGCG involve the inhibition of the PKA/PKC s.gnalling pathways. as.well as.the inhibition of P450 s.de-chain cleavage enzyme and 17β-hydroxys.eroid dehydrogenas. function.

关键词： green tea polyphenols Leydig cells protein kinas. A protein kinas. C tes.os.erone

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Voltammetric s.ns.r bas.d on cobalt-poly(methionine)-modified glas.y carbon electrode for determination of es.riol hormone in pharmaceuticals.and urine

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analys.s 2019年第5期9卷 347-357页

作者： Eliziana s. Gomes.Fernando R.F. leite Bruno R.L. Ferraz Henrique A.J.L. Mourao Andrea R. Malagutti Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys MGT 367 Highway e Km 583 CEP 39100-000 Diamantina MG Brazil Department of Biology Federal University of Espírito Santo CEP 29500-000 Alegre ES Brazil Ins.itute of s.ience and Technology Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys MGT 367 Highway e Km 583 CEP 39100-000 Diamantina MG Brazil

A voltammetric s.ns.r bas.d on the electropolymerization of cobalt-poly(methionine)(Co-poly(Met)) on a glas.y carbon electrode (GCE) was.developed and applied for the determination of es.riol by differential puls. voltammetry (DPV) for the firs. time. The electrochemical properties.of the Co-poly(Met)/GCE were analys.d by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance s.ectros.opy (EIs.. s.anning electron micros.opy (s.M) and energy dis.ers.ve s.ectros.opy (EDs. were us.d to characterize the polymers.on the GCE s.rface. The depos.tion of the Co-poly(Met) film on the GCE s.rface enhanced the s.ns.r electronic trans.er. CV s.udies.revealed that es.riol exhibits.an irrevers.ble oxidation peak at t0.58 V for the Co-poly(Met)/GCE (vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode) in 0.10 mol/L Britton-Robins.n buffer s.lution (pH=7.0). Different voltammetric s.an rates.(10-200 mV/s. s.gges.ed that the es.riol oxidation on the Co-poly(Met)/GCE s.rface is.controlled by ads.rption and diffus.on proces.es. Bas.d on the optimized DPV conditions. the linear res.ons.s.for es.riol quantification were from 0.596 μmol/L to 4.76 μmol/L (R2 =0.996) and from 5.66 μmol/L to 9.90 μmol/L (R2 =0.994) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0340 μmol/L and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.113 μmol/L. The DPV-Co-poly(Met)/GCE method provided good intra-day and inter-day repeatability with Rs. values.lower than 5%. Als., no interference of real s.mple matrices.was.obs.rved on the es.riol voltammetric res.ons., making the DPV-Copoly( Met)/GCE highly s.lective for es.riol. The accuracy tes. s.owed that the es.riol recovery was.in the ranges.96.7%-103% and 98.7%-102% for pharmaceutical tablets.and human urine, res.ectively. The es.riol quantification in pharmaceutical tablets.performed by the Co-poly(Met)/GCE-as.is.ed DPV method was.comparable to the official analytical protocols.

关键词： Es.riol Electroanalys.s Differential puls. voltammetry Cobalt-poly(methionine) film-modified glas.y carbon electrode

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Performance of aerogel as.a thermal ins.lation material towards.a s.s.ainable des.gn of res.dential buildings.for tropical climates.in Nigeria

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第3期3卷 291-315页

作者： Aminu Wali Bas.ir Brenda Chaves.Coelho leite Departamento de Engenharia de Cons.rução Civil Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-010Brasil

The building s.ctor accounts.for nearly 40%of global energy *** Nigeria,more than two-thirds.of the cons.mption comes.from res.dential *** efficiency meas.res.through the adoption of ins.lation materials.are tools.that could cras. the peak demand of energy in buildings.while improving its.thermal comfort and aerogel is.cons.dered as.the mos. effective material for ins.lation,owing to its.unique thermal *** this.paper,we pres.nt the performance of aerogel as.a thermal ins.lation material towards.a s.s.ainable des.gn of res.dential buildings.for tropical climates.in ***,a typical res.dential building in the tropical region was.modeled with conventional materials.utilized in the region and was.later modified through the application of aerogel material on various.s.rfaces.of the model.A whole building energy s.mulation was.then carried out in each variation and the outcome was.compared to effectively conclude on the s.gnificance of aerogel in terms.of thermal comfort improvement and energy cons.mption *** s.ow that aerogel had the highes. influence when ins.rted in the attic and floor s.abs.of the des.gned model.A reduction of more than 6%was.attained in the recorded indoor mean air and operative temperatures.while s.ill maintaining an acceptable humidity *** energy cons.mption,a reduction of more than 15%was.***,the high price of aerogel may hinder its.application on the s.udied building but could be a good inves.ment where climate change and s.s.ainability are of high importance and les. concern is.given to *** demons.rated s.gnificant potential with res.ect to both thermal comfort improvement and energy cons.mption reduction on the des.gned *** outcome of the s.udy is.hoped to s.rve as.a bas. reference for the ins.lation of res.dential buildings.with s.milar climate and characteris.ics.to the adopted cas. building.

关键词： Aerogels Building energy cons.mption Energy efficiency Thermal ins.lation materials Thermal comfort Building energy s.mulation

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Gas.rointes.inal motility and abs.rptive dis.rders.in patients.with inflammatory bowel dis.as.s. Prevalence, diagnos.s.and treatment

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4414-4426页

作者： Luís. leite Barros.Alberto Queiroz Farias.Ali Rezaie Department of Gas.roenterology University of Sao Paulo School of MedicineSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil Divis.on of Gas.roenterology Department of MedicineCedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

Inflammatory bowel dis.as.s.IBD),Crohns.dis.as. and ulcerative colitis.are chronic conditions.as.ociated with high morbidity and healthcare *** natural his.ory of IBD is.variable and marked by alternating periods.of flare and *** though the us. of newer therapeutic targets.has.been as.ociated with higher rates.of mucos.l healing,a great proportion of IBD patients.remain s.mptomatic des.ite effective control of *** s.mptoms.may include but not limited to abdominal pain,dys.eps.a,diarrhea,urgency,fecal incontinence,cons.ipation or *** this.s.tting,commonly there is.an overlap with gas.rointes.inal(GI)motility and abs.rptive *** recognition of thes. conditions.greatly improves.patient care and may decreas. the ris. of ***,in this.review we des.ribe the prevalence,diagnos.s.and treatment of GI motility and abs.rptive dis.rders.that commonly affect patients.with IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel dis.as.s Crohn’s dis.as. Ulcerative colitis Gas.rointes.inal motility and abs.rptive dis.rders Irritable bowel s.ndrome s.all intes.inal bacterial overgrowth s.all intes.inal fungal overgrowth Dys.ynergic defecation Fecal incontinence Chronic intes.inal ps.udo-obs.ruction

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