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Variation of stress intensity factors for several interface crack problems under arbitrary material combinations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第11期55卷 2128-2134页

作者： ZHANG Yu NODA Nao-Aki LAN Xin TAKAISHI Ken-taro Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology1-1 Sensui-choTobata-kuKitakyushu-shiFukuoka804-8550Japan

In this paper the variation of interface stress intensity factors is considered under arbitrary material combinations for several problems such as central internal interface cracks, periodic interface cracks, and edge interface cracks. The stress intensity factors for all these problems have been determined in terms of Dundurs＇ parameters a, b by the application of FEM in the authors＇ previous papers. In this paper, the variations of the stress intensity factors for all these problems are discussed under arbitrary a, b, then the maximum and minimum values of dimensionless stress intensity factors FI,max, FII,max, FI,min, FII,max are indicated on the map of a, b. As an example, it is found that FI,max always appears when （a, b）= （0.2,0.3）, and FI,min always appears when （a, b）= （1,0）, for the central internal interface cracks independent of crack length.

关键词： Interface crack Stress intensity factor Fracture mechanics

Energy reduction of a submerged membrane bioreactor using a polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） hollow-fiber membrane

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 45-54页

作者： taro Miyoshi Thanh Phong Nguyen Terumi Tsumuraya Hiromu Tanaka Hiroki Itokawa Toshikazu Hashimoto Maezawa Industries Inc. 5-11 Naka-cho Kawaguchi City Saitama 332-8556 Japan Sumitomo Electric Industries LTD. 1-950 Asashironishi Kumatori-cho Sennan-gun Osaka 590-0458 Japan Japan Sewage Works Agency 2-31-27 Yushima Bunkyo City Tokyo 113-0034 Japan

In this study, we modified a polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） hollow-fiber membrane element used for submerged membrane bioreactors （MBRs） to reduce the energy consumption during MBR processes. The high mechanical strength of the PTFE membrane made it possible to increase the effective length of the membrane fiber from 2 to 3 m. In addition, the packing density was increased by 20% by optimizing the membrane element configuration. These modifications improve the efficiency of membrane cleaning associated with aeration. The target of specific energy consumption was less than 0.4 kWh·m^-3 in this study. The continuous operation of a pilot MBR treating real municipal wastewater revealed that the MBR utilizing the modified membrane element can be stably operated under a specific air demand per membrane surface area （SADm） of 0.13 m^3·m^-2. hr I when the daily- averaged membrane fluxes for the constant flow rate and flow rate fluctuating modes of operation were set to 0,6 and 0.5m^3·m^-2·d^-1 respectively. The specific energy consumption under these operating conditions was estimated to be less than 0.37 kWh.m^-3. These results strongly suggest that operating an MBR equipped with the modified membrane element with a specific energy consumption of less than 0.4 kWh·m^-3 is highly possible.

关键词： Energy-saving Membrane bioreactor Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane Hollow fiber Power consumption

Large-scale experimental study on scour around offshore wind monopiles under irregular waves

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 40-46页

作者： Song-gui Chen En-yu Gong Xu Zhao taro Arikawa Xin Chen Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering Tianjin 300456China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Chuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan

The Keulegan-Carpenter(KC)number is the main dimensionless parameter that affects the local scour of offshore wind power monopile *** study conducted large-scale(1:13)physical model tests to study the local scour shape,equilibrium scour depth,and local scour volume of offshore wind power monopiles under the action of irregular waves with different KC *** experiments were carried out with the KC number ranging from 1.0 to *** a small KC number(KC6),the proposed method better predicted the equilibrium scour depth when the wave *** addition,according to the results of three-dimensional terrain scanning,the relationship between the local equilibrium scour volume of a single offshore wind power monopile and the KC number was *** provided a rational method for estimation of the riprap redundancy for monopile protection against scour.

关键词： Keulegan-Carpenter number Large-scale test Scour hole shape Equilibrium scour depth Local scour hole volume

Transcriptomic analysis of epigenetic modification genes in the termite Reticulitermes speratus

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 202-211页

作者： Yuki Mitaka Eisuke Tasaki Tomonari Nozaki taro Fuchikawa Kazuya Kobayashi Kenji Matsuura Laboratory of Insect Ecology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversitySakyo-kuKyotoJapan Applied Entomology Laboratory Center for Bioresource Field ScienceKyoto Institute of TechnologyUkyo-kuKyotoJapan Laboratory of Animal Physiology Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City UniversitySumiyoshi-kuOsakaJapan Hokkaido Forest Research Station Field Science Education and Research CenterKyoto UniversityKawakami-gunHokkaidoJapan

Eusocial insects display a caste system in which different castes are morpho-logically and physiologically specialized for different *** studies have revealed that epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation and histone modification,me-diate caste determination and differentiation,longevity,and polyethism in eusocial *** there has been a growing interest in the relationship between epigenetic mech-anisms and phenotypic plasticity in termites,there is ltte information about differential expression levels among castes and expression sites for these genes in *** we show royaltissuc-specific expression of epigenetic modification genes in the termite Reticulitermes *** RNA-seq,we identified 74 genes,including three DNA methyltransferases,seven sirtuins,48 Trithorax group proteins,and 16 Polycomb group *** these genes,15 showed king-specific expression,and 52 showed age-dependent differential expression in kings and *** real-time PCR revealed that DNA methyltransferase 3 is expressed specifically in the king's testis and fat body,whereas some histone modification genes are remarkably expressed in the king's testis and queen's *** findings imply that epigenetic modification plays important roles in the gamete production process in termite kings and queens.

关键词： aging division of labor fat body king ovary testis

Clinical applications of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated fluorescence for gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8769-8775页

作者： Tsutomu Namikawa Tomoaki Yatabe Keiji Inoue taro Shuin Kazuhiro Hanazaki Department of Surgery Kochi Medical School Nankoku Department of Anesthesiology Kochi Medical School Nankoku Department of Urology Kochi Medical School Nankoku

5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA) is a naturally occurring amino acid that is a protoporphyrin IX(Pp IX) precursor and a next-generation photosensitive substance. After exogenous administration of ALA, Pp IX specifically accumulates in cancer cells owing to the impaired metabolism of ALA to Pp IX in mitochondria, which results in a red fluorescence following irradiation with blue light and the formation of singlet oxygen. Fluorescence navigation by photodynamic diagnosis(PDD) using ALA provides good visualization and detection of gastric cancer lesions and is a potentially valuable diagnostic tool for gastric cancer for evaluating both the surgical resection margins and extension of the lesion. Furthermore, PDD using ALA might be used to detect peritoneal metastases during preoperative staging laparoscopy, where it could provide useful information for the selection of a therapeutic approach. Another promising application for this modality is in the evaluation of lymph node metastases. Photodynamic therapy(PDT) using ALA to cause selective damage based on the accumulation of a photosensitizer in malignant tissue is expected to be a non-invasive endoscopic treatment for superficial early gastric cancer. ALA has the potential to be used not only as a diagnostic agent but also as a therapeutic drug, resulting in a new strategy for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Here, we review the current use of PDD and PDT in gastric cancer and evaluate its future potential beyond conventional modalities combined with a light energy upconverter, a light-emitting diode and nearinfrared rays as light sources.

关键词： Fluorescence imaging 5-aminolevulinic acid Photodynamic diagnosis Photodynamic therapy Gastric cancer

Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2740-2747页

作者： Yuji Ishii Ryota Saito Hideki Marushima Ryusuke Ito taro Sakamoto Katsuhiko Yanaga Department of Surgery the Jikei University School of Medicine

AIM： To examine the efficacy of the radial flow bioreactor （RFB） as an extracorporeal bioartificial liver （BAL） and the reconstruction of liver organoids using embryonic pig liver cells. METHODS： We reconstructed the liver organoids using embryonic porcine liver cells in the RFB. We also determined the gestational time window for the optimum growth of embryonic porcine liver cells. Five weeks of gestation was designated as embryonic day （E） 35 and 8 wk of gestation was designated as E56. These cells were cultured for one week before morphological and functional examinations. Moreover, the efficacy of pulsed adminisbation of a high concentration hepatocyte growth factor （HGF） was examined. RESULTS： Both cell growth and function were excellent after harvesting on E35. The pulsed administration of a high concentration of HGF promoted the differentiation and maturation of these fetal hepatic cells. Microscopic examination of organoids in the RFB revealed palisading and showed that bile duct-like structures were well developed, indicating that the organoids were mini livers. Transmission electron microscopy revealed microvilli on the luminal surfaces of bile duct-like structures and junctional complexes, which form the basis of the cytoskeleton of epithelial tissues. Furthermore, strong expression of connexin （Cx） 32, which is the main protein of hepatocyte gap junctions, was observed. With respect to liver function, ammonia detoxification and urea synthesis were shown to be performed effectively. CONCLUSION： Our system can potentially be applied in the fields of BAL and transplantation medicine.

关键词： Liver organoid Radial flow bioreactor Bioartificial liver Fetal porcine liver Hepatocyte growthfactor

A case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage following synthetic cathinone inhalation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第3期11卷 182-184页

作者： Masakazu Nitta taro Tamakawa Natsuo Kamimura Tadayuki Honda Hiroshi Endoh Advanced Emergency and Critical Care Center Niigata University Medical and Dental HospitalChuo-kuNiigataJapan

Dear editor,Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage(DAH)sometimes causes a life-threatening condition;thus,prompt diagnosis and treatment for DAH is ***,a variety of diseases(e.g.,systemic autoimmune diseases,infectious diseases,drugs)are associated with the development of DAH,which occasionally causes diffi culty with identifying the specifi c etiology.

关键词： alveolar diseases diagnosis

Diagnosis and management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in von Hippel-Lindau disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第36期16卷 4515-4518页

作者： Kenji Tamura Isao Nishimori Tetsuhide Ito Ichiro Yamasaki Hisato Igarashi taro Shuin Department of Urology Kochi Medical SchoolNankokuKochi 783-8505Japan Nishimori's Clinic SakawaKochi 789-1233Japan Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityHigashi-kuFukuoka 812-8582Japan

The pancreatic manifestations seen in patients with von Hippel-Lindau(VHL) disease are subdivided into 2 categories:pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(NET),and cystic lesions,including simple cyst and serous *** VHL-associated cystic lesions are generally asymptomatic and do not require any treatment,unless they are indistinguishable from other cystic tumor types with malignant *** pancreatic NET in VHL disease are non-functioning and have malignant potential,it is of clinical importance to find and diagnose these as early as *** will be recommended that comprehensive surveillance using dynamic computed tomography for abdominal manifestations,including pancreatic NET,should start from the age of 15 years in VHL *** sporadic non-functioning NET without VHL disease,in which surgical resection is generally recommended,VHL patients at lower metastatic risk of pancreatic NET should be spared the risks of operative resection.

关键词： Von Hippel-Lindau disease Pancreas Neuroendocrine tumor,Diagnosis Clinical protocols

Screening of agonistic activities against four nuclear receptors in wastewater treatment plants in Japan using a yeast two-hybrid assay

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第1期23卷 125-132页

作者： Daisuke Inoue Koki Nakama Kazuko Sawada taro Watanabe Hisae Matsui Kazunari Sei Tsuyoshi Nakanishi Michihiko Ike Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Osaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology Gifu Pharmaceutical University5-6-1 Mitahora-higashiGifu 502-8585Japan

To assess the potential endocrine disruptive effects through multiple nuclear receptors （NRs）, especially non-steroidal NRs, in municipal wastewater, we examined the agonistic activities on four NRs （estrogen receptor α, thyroid hormone receptor α, retinoic acid receptor ct and retinoid X receptor α） of untreated and treated wastewater from municipal wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） in Japan using a yeast two-hybrid assay. Investigation of the influent and effluent of seven WWTPs revealed that agonistic activities against steroidal and non-steroidal NRs were always detected in the influents and partially remained in the effluents. Further investigation of four WWTPs employing conventional activated sludge, pseudo-anoxic-oxic, anoxic-oxic and anaerobic-anoxic-oxic processes revealed that the ability to reduce the agonistic activity against each of the four NRs varies depending on the treatment process. These results indicated that municipal wastewater in Japan commonly contains endocrine disrupting chemicals that exert agonistic activities on steroidal and non-steroidal NRs, and that some of these chemicals are released into the natural aquatic environment. Although the results obtained in yeast assays suggested that measured levels of non-steroidal NR agonists in the effluent of WWTPs were not likely to cause any biological effect, further study is required to assess their possible risks in detail.

关键词： agonistic activity endocrine disrupting chemicals non-steroidal nuclear receptor wastewater treatment plants