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Transformation mechanism and fate of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON) in a full-scale drinking water treatment

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期34卷 122-135页

作者： Yuye Luo Cheng Liu Congcong Li Yiwen Shan tariq mehmood Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education College of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Dissolved organic nitrogen(DON) has attracted much attention in drinking water treatment due to its potential to produce nitrogenous disinfection by-products(N-DBPs). This work was designed to explore the transformation and fate of DON and dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) in drinking water treatment. The changes of DON and formation of N-DBPs were evaluated along the water treatment route(i.e., pre-ozonation and biologicalcontact oxidation, delivery pipes’ transportation, coagulation-sedimentation, sand filtration, post-ozonation, biological activated carbon, ultrafiltration and disinfection) of drinking water treatment plant(DWTP). The transformation mechanism of DON was comprehensively investigated by molecular weight fractionation, three-dimensional fluorescence, LCOCD(Liquid Chromatography-Organic Carbon Detection), total free amino acids. A detailed comparison was made between concentrations and variations of DON and DIN affected by seasons in the drinking water treatment. Regardless of seasonal variation in raw water concentration, the DON removal trends between different treatment processes remain constant in the present study. Compared to other treatment processes, pre-ozonation and coagulation-sedimentation exhibited the dominant DON removal in different seasons, i.e.,11.13%-14.45% and 14.98%-22.49%, respectively. Contrary, biological-contact oxidation and biological activated carbon negatively impacted the DON removal, in which DON increased by 1.76%-6.49% in biological activated carbon. This may be due to the release of soluble microbial products(SMPs) from bacterial metabolism, which was further validated by the rise of biopolymers in LC-OCD.

关键词： Dissolved organic nitrogen Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts Drinking water treatment Soluble microbial products

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Compositional characteristics and toxicological responses of human lung epithelial cells to inhalable particles (PM_(10)) from ten typical biomass fuel combustions

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Particuology 2023年第7期78卷 16-22页

作者： Hanhan Li Mingwei Tang Xiaosan Luo Weijun Li Yuting Pang Weijie Huang Zhen Zhao Yaqian Wei Tengda Long tariq mehmood International Center for Ecology Meteorologyand EnvironmentSchool of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science&Technology.Nanjing210044China Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Earth SciencesZhejiang University.Hangzhou310027China Beijing Capital Air Environmental Science&Technology Co LtdBeijing100176China Huangshi Meteorological Bureau of Hubei Province Huangshi435000.China College of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China

As the primary component of haze,atmospheric inhalable particulate matters(PMio)are highly detri-mental to human health.Biomass combustion is one of China's most pivotal sources to aerosols pollution,inducing non-negligible emissions and uncertain risks.PMio samples directly from 10 representative biomass fuel combustion sources(2 groups covering the reality widely:straws of rice,wheat,corn,corncob,soybean,peanut,rape,sesame;and branches of pine,peach)were collected using the dilution channel sampler and analyzed for chemical compositions and in vitro cytotoxicity to human lung epithelial cell lines A549.The components of PMio are dominated by organic carbon(OC),followed by Water-soluble K+and Cl,and rich in metals Fe,Zn,Cr,and Ni.Generally,PMio emitted from biomass fuel combustions can weaken the antioxidant capacity of cells,and straws emissions,especially rape and peanut straws,show stronger ability to further induce oxidative stress and inflammatory damage than fuelwoods,owing to the key toxic roles of Cr,Ni,and Co.Therefore,reducing the specific source emis--sions of PMio from crop straw combustions rich in heavy metals could be an effective oriented strategy to improve environmental air quality and control aerosols pollution precisely for protecting public health.

关键词： Airpollution sources Inhalable particulate matters(PMro) Biomass burning emissions Chemical components Cytotoxicity

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Hot corrosion of surface-modified Sm_(2)Co_(17) high-temperature magnet with Ni and Ni/Cr bilayer coatings in 75 wt% Na_(2)SO_(4)–NaCl mixture

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Rare Metals 2021年第9期40卷 2494-2500页

作者： Saira Bibi Jing-Min Wang tariq mehmood Waheed Qamar Khan Cheng-Bao Jiang Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Advanced Materials Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hot corrosion behavior of Sm_(2)(Co, Fe, Cu,Zr)17-type high-temperature magnetic alloy without and with a protective coating of Ni and Ni/Cr bilayer at 500 ℃ in a corrosive mixture of 75 wt% Na_(2)SO_(4)–NaCl for 100 h was reported in this paper. The obtained results of timedependent weight change established the parabolic growth of oxidized surface of bare magnets(8.87 mg·cm^(-2)),which caused a rapid loss of magnetic properties measured both at room and high temperatures(500 ℃). X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis revealed the growth of oxides for bare magnet and Cr–oxides(Cr_(2) O_(3)), top layer of Ni/Cr bilayer coating, but in the case of single coating, Ni–sulfides formation indicated penetration of sulfur, which is further verified by electron probe microanalysis with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EPMA/EDS) study.Results showed that bilayer-coated samples(Ni/Cr) performed better than Ni-coated and bare samples.

关键词： Hot corrosion SmCo-based alloys Oxidation Coatings

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Abundance and Breeding of the Common Skittering Frog(Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis)and Bull Frog(Hoplobatrachus tigerinus)at Rawal Lake,Islamabad,Pakistan

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第4期2卷 245-250页

作者： Fozia TABASSUM Muhammad RAIS Maqsood ANWAR tariq mehmood Iftikhar HUSSAIN Shahid ALI KHAN Department of Wildlife Management Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

The population density and breeding of two frog species, i. e., the Skittering Frog （Euphlyctis eyanophlyctis） and the Bull Frog （Hoplobatrachus tigerinus） were studied at Rawal Lake, Islamabad, Pakistan, by using visual encounter method from September 2009 to August 2010. Mean population density for the two frogs was 1.55 ± 0.44 frogs per ha, with that for the Skittering Frog being 1.09 ± 0.33 frogs/ha and that of the Bull Frog 0.46 ± 0.11 frog/ha, respectively. It is concluded that both frog species are explosive breeders, i. e., their breeding activities were confined to the first showers of the monsoon season. The mean spawn weight of the Skittering Frog was 1.5 g with more than 1000 eggs in each spawn, while that of the Bull Frog was 0.26 g with less than 1000 eggs in a spawn. The spawning sites of the two species were investigated in detail. Generally, no threat to their populations was observed. However, the opening of the spillway of Rawal Dam following the torrential rain destroyed the breeding sites of the frogs. It is maintained that the event did not produce any significant impact on their populations and breeding as the two species were quite common.

关键词： Ranidae population status breeding habitat destruction

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Recent advances in 2D organic−inorganic heterostructures for electronics and optoelectronics

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SmartMat 2023年第2期4卷 37-68页

作者： Jahangir Khan Rana tariq mehmood Ahmad Junyang Tan Rongjie Zhang Usman Khan Bilu Liu Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen Institute&Institute of Materials ResearchTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenChina Department of Electrical Engineering Narowal CampusUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Institute of Functional Porous Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina

Two‐dimensional(2D)materials show outstanding properties such as dangling bond‐free surfaces,strong in‐plane while weak out‐of‐plane bonding,layer‐dependent electronic structures,and tunable electronic and optoelectronic properties,making them promising for numerous applications.Integrating 2D inorganics with organic materials to make van der Waals heterostructures at the 2D thickness limit has created new platforms for fabricating on‐demand multifunctional devices.To further broaden the limited choices of 2D inorganic‐based heterostructures,a wide range of available 2D organic materials with tunable properties have opened new opportunities for designing large numbers of heterostructures with 2D inorganic materials.This review aims to attract the attention of researchers toward this emerging 2D organic−inorganic field.We first highlight recent progress in organic−inorganic heterostructures and their synthesis and then discuss their potential applications,such as field‐effect transistors,photodetectors,solar cells,and neuromorphic computing devices.In the end,we present a summary of challenges and opportunities in this field.

关键词： 2D materials 2D organic−inorganic heterostructures electronics inorganic materials optoelectronics organic materials synthesis

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对巴基斯坦棉纺织业的展望

对巴基斯坦棉纺织业的展望

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2009`中国国际棉花会议

作者： tariq mehmood 前巴基斯坦纺织工业协会(APTMA)

巴基斯坦纺织业的介绍纺织业的结构纺织业的生产棉花生产、消费目标巴基斯坦的经济绩效产业机遇促进纺织服装业发展棉花发展建议2014年纺织品出口目标

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Multiple thoracic and abdominal foregut duplication cysts:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1504-1509页

作者： Tuqa Adil Alsinan tariq Ibrahim Altokhais Department of Pediatric Surgery Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh 12233Saudi Arabia Devision of Pediatric Surgery Department of SurgeryCollege of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 4545Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Congenital enteric duplication cysts are tubular or cystic structures that normally lie alongside the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Enteric duplication cysts are typically solitary lesions that occur anywhere near the GI tract from the neck to the rectum,but having multiple duplication cysts is rare,and presentation within the pancreas is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We herein demonstrate a case of esophageal,gastric,and gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas in a seventeen-month-old girl who presented with failure to thrive,abdominal pain,vomiting,hematemesis,and melena since the age of three months.The cysts were excised by thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in the same setting.To our knowledge,no such case has been published.CONCLUSION Enteric duplications can occur throughout the entire alimentary tract.When they occur in the pancreas,they present a formidable challenge in both diagnosis and treatment.Due to the risk of complications and malignant transformation,surgical removal is the recommended treatment of all duplication cysts.

关键词： Congenital Duplication cyst Foregut duplication Gastric duplication Pancreas Case report

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An efficient permutation approach for SbPN-based symmetric block ciphers

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 113-130页

作者： Mir Nazish M.tariq Banday Insha Syed Sheena Banday Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Technology University ofKashmirSrinagar 190006India

It is challenging to devise lightweight cryptographic primitives efficient in both hardware and software that can provide an optimum level of security to diverse Internet of Things applications running on low-end constrained devices.Therefore,an effcient hardware design approach that requires some specific hardware resource may not be effcient if implemented in software.Substitution bit Permutation Network based ciphers such as PRESENT and GIFT are effcient,lightweight cryptographic hardware design approaches.These ciphers introduce confusion and diffu-sion by employing a 4×4 static substitution box and bit permutations.The bit-wise permutation is realised by sim-ple rerouting,which is most cost-effective to implement in hardware,resulting in negligible power consumption.However,this method is highly resource-consuming in software,particularly for large block-sized ciphers,with each single-bit permutation requiring multiple sub-operations.This paper proposes a novel software-based design approach for permutation operation in Substitution bit Permutation Network based ciphers using a bit-banding fea-ture.The conventional permutation using bit rotation and the proposed approach have been implemented,analysed and compared for GIFT and PRESENT ciphers on ARM Cortex-M3-based LPC1768 development platform with KEIL MDK used as an Integrated Development Environment.The real-time performance comparison between conven-tional and the proposed approaches in terms of memory(RAM/ROM)footprint,power,energy and execution time has been carried out using ULINKpro and ULINKplus debug adapters for various code and speed optimisation sce-narios.The proposed approach substantially reduces execution time,energy and power consumption for both PRE-SENT and GIFT ciphers,thus demonstrating the effciency of the proposed method for Substitution bit Permutation Network based symmetric block ciphers.

关键词： Lightweight cryptography PRESENT GIFT SbPN Cortex-M LPC1768 Bit-band memory

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Lump and travelling wave solutions of a(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 164-172页

作者： Kalim U.tariq Raja Nadir Tufail Department of Mathematics Mirpur University of Science and TechnologyMirpurAJK 10250Pakistan

In this paper,the(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation is studied analytically.The bilinear form of given model is achieved by using the Hirota bilinear method.As a result,the lump waves and col-lisions between lumps and periodic waves,the collision among lump wave and single,double-kink soliton solutions as well as the collision between lump,periodic,and single,double-kink soliton solutions for the given model are constructed.Furthermore,some new traveling wave solutions are developed by applying the exp(−φ(ξ))expansion method.The 3D,2D and contours plots are drawn to demonstrate the nature of the nonlinear model for setting appropriate set of parameters.As a result,a collection of bright,dark,periodic,rational function and elliptic function solutions are established.The applied strategies appear to be more powerful and efficient approaches to construct some new traveling wave structures for various contemporary models of recent era.

关键词： The Hirota bilinear method Lump wave solution Travelling wave solution Exp(−φ(ξ))expansion technique

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Comprehensive analysis of glacier recession(2000-2020)in the Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers,Northwestern Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 768-785页

作者： Shakil Ahmad ROMSHOO Ummer AMEEN Mustafa Hameed BHAT tariq ABDULLAH Department of Geoinformatics University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India Islamic University of Science and Technology AwantiporaKashmir 192122India Centre of Excellence for Glacier Studies in the Western Himalaya University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India

Himalayan glaciers are shrinking rapidly,especially after 2000.Glacier shrinkage,however,shows a differential pattern in space and time,emphasizing the need to monitor and assess glacier changes at a larger scale.In this study,changes of 48 glaciers situated around the twin peaks of the Nun and Kun mountains in the northwestern Himalaya,hereafter referred to as Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers(NKGG),were investigated using Landsat satellite data during 2000-2020.Changes in glacier area,snout position,Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA),surface thickness and glacier velocity were assessed using remote sensing data supplemented by field observations.The study revealed that the NKGG glaciers have experienced a recession of 4.5%±3.4%and their snouts have retreated at the rate of 6.4±1.6 m·a^(-1).Additionally,there was a 41%increase observed in the debris cover area during the observation period.Using the geodetic approach,an average glacier elevation change of-1.4±0.4 m·a^(-1)was observed between 2000 and 2012.The observed mass loss of the NKGG has resulted in the deceleration of glacier velocity from 27.0±3.7 m·a^(-1)in 2000 to 21.2±2.2 m·a^(-1)in 2020.The ELA has shifted upwards by 83.0±22 m during the period.Glacier morphological and topographic factors showed a strong influence on glacier recession.Furthermore,a higher recession of 12.9%±3.2%was observed in small glaciers,compared to 2.7%±3.1%in larger glaciers.The debris-covered glaciers showed lower shrinkage(2.8%±1.1%)compared to the clean glaciers(9.3%±5%).The glacier depletion recorded in the NKGG during the last two decades,if continued,would severely diminish glacial volume and capacity to store water,thus jeopardizing the sustainability of water resources in the basin.

关键词： Nun-Kun range Glacier recession Glacier snout Remote Sensing Himalaya Glacier velocity

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