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Research 2024年第2期2024卷 55-79页

作者： Yang Yang Lee Zaini Abdul Halim Mohd Nadhir Ab Wahab tari. adnan almohamad School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaNibong Tebal 14300 Penang Malaysia School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor11800 PenangMalaysia Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKarabuk University78050 KarabukTurkiye

Stochastic computing(SC)has a substantial amount of study on application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)design for artificial intelligence(AI)edge computing,especially the convolutional neural network(CNN)***,SC has little to no optimization on field-programmable gate array(FPGA).Scaling up the ASIC logic without FPGA-oriented designs is inefficient,while aggregating thousands of bitstreams is still challenging in the conventional *** research has reinvented several FPGA-efficient 8-bit SC CNN computing architectures,i.e.,SC multiplexer multiply-accumulate,multiply-accumulate function generator,and binary rectified linear unit,and successfully scaled and implemented a fully parallel CNN model on Kintex7 *** proposed SC hardware only compromises 0.14%accuracy compared to binary computing on the handwriting Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology classification task and achieved at least 99.72%energy saving per image feedforward and 31?more data throughput than modern *** to SC,early decision termination pushed the performance baseline exponentially with minimum accuracy loss,making SC CNN extremely lucrative for AI edge computing but limited to classification *** SC's inherent noise heavily penalizes CNN regression performance,rendering SC unsuitable for regression tasks.

关键词： hardware Highly rendering

An Efficient Internet Traffic Classification System Using Deep Learning for IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 407-422页

作者： Muhammad Basit Umair Zeshan Iqbal Muhammad Bilal Jamel Nebhen tari. adnan almohamad Raja Majid Mehmood Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Division of Computer and Electronics Systems Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-siKorea Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKarabük University78050KarabükTurkey Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University College of Computer Engineering and SciencesAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Information and Communication Technology Department School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringXiamen University MalaysiaSepang43900Malaysia

Internet of Things(IoT)defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central *** IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone to *** management tasks and network operations such as security,intrusion detection,Quality-of-Service provisioning,performance monitoring,resource provisioning,and traffic engineering require traffic *** to the ineffectiveness of traditional classification schemes,such as port-based and payload-based methods,researchers proposed machine learning-based traffic classification systems based on shallow neural ***,machine learning-based models incline to misclassify internet traffic due to improper feature *** this research,an efficient multilayer deep learning based classification system is presented to overcome these challenges that can classify internet *** examine the performance of the proposed technique,Moore-dataset is used for training the *** proposed scheme takes the pre-processed data and extracts the flow features using a deep neural network(DNN).In particular,the maximum entropy classifier is used to classify the internet *** experimental results show that the proposed hybrid deep learning algorithm is effective and achieved high accuracy for internet traffic classification,i.e.,99.23%.Furthermore,the proposed algorithm achieved the highest accuracy compared to the support vector machine(SVM)based classification technique and k-nearest neighbours(KNNs)based classification technique.

关键词： Deep learning internet traffic classification network traffic management QoS aware application classification

Encounters with aphid predators or their residues impede searching and oviposition by the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi （Hymenoptera： Aphidiinae）

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Insect Science 2014年第2期21卷 181-188页

作者： Raki almohamad Thierrv Hance Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture-Alfurat University Deir Ezzor Syria Earth and Life Institute Biodiversity Research Center Universite catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 4-5 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium

Intraguild predation （IGP） can be an important factor influencing the effective- ness of aphid natural enemies in biological control. In particular, aphid parasitoid foraging could be influenced by the presence of predators. This study investigated the effect of larvae of the predatory hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer （Diptera： Syrphidae） and the multicolored Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas （Coleoptera： Coccinellidae） on the foraging behavior of the aphid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi Haliday （Hymenoptera： Aphidiidae） in choice experiments using a leaf disc bioassay. Wasp response to chemical tracks left by those predator larvae was also tested. Parasitoid behavior was recorded using the Observer （Noldus Information Technology, version 5.0, Wageningen, the Netherlands）. The experiments were conducted under controlled environmental conditions using leaves of the broad bean plant, Viciafaba L. （Fabaceae） with Myzus persicae Sulzer （Homoptera： Aphididae） as the host complex. A. ervi females avoided aphid patches when larvae of either predator were present. A similar avoidance response was shown by A. ervi to aphid patches with E. balteatus larval tracks, whereas no significant response was observed to tracks left by H. axyridis larvae. It was concluded that IG predator avoidance shown by the aphid parasitoid A. ervi may be a factor affecting their distribution among host patches.

关键词： aphids Aphidius ervi Episyrphus balteatus foraging behavior Harmoniaaxyridis intraguild predators

Relationships between land use types and urban heat island intensity in Hulu Langat district,Selangor,Malaysia

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 461-474页

作者： Muhammad Rendana Wan Mohd Razi Idris Sahibin Abdul Rahim Hazem Ghassan Abdo Hussein almohamad Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi Motrih Al-Mutiry Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas SriwijayaIndralaya 30662South SumatraIndonesia Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science and Natural ResourcesUniversiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Geography Department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesTartous UniversityTartousSyria Department of Geography College of Arabic Language and Social StudiesQassim UniversityBuraydah 51452Saudi Arabia Department of Geography College of ArtsPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

Background Urban heat island(UHI)is an urban climate phenomenon that primarily responds to urban conditions and land use *** extent of hard surfaces significantly influences the thermal properties of the *** address this issue,a novel approach quantifying the association between land use and UHI is *** study offers a new technique for effectively estimating the effect of land use on the UHI intensity using the combination of urban heat intensity index(UHII)and land contribution index(LCI)derived from Landsat 8 OLI *** time-series thermal effect of land use on the UHI intensity can be determined according to the ratio in mean temperature between specific land use and the whole study *** study was conducted in the Hulu Langat district,Malaysia during *** The UHI intensity rose from 0.19 in 2014 to 0.70 in *** negative value of LCI for vegetation areas and water bodies obtained its negative contribution to the urban heat island,while the positive value of LCI for bare areas and built-up areas showed its positive effect on the urban heat *** LCI value for urban areas showed a significant increase in the 7 years such as 0.51,0.66,0.69,and 0.75 for periods 2014,2016,2018,and 2021,*** change in LCI from 2014 to 2021 for the transformation of bare area and forest was recorded to be 0.23 and−0.02,***,the conversion of forests into urban areas had a negative effect on the increment of UHI *** Overall,these findings are useful for policy-making agency in developing an effective policy for reducing high UHI intensity and planning long-term land use management.

关键词： Geospatial technology Urban heat island Land contribution index Land surface temperature Environment

Role of terpenes from aphid-infested potato on searching and oviposition behavior of Episyrphus balteatus

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Insect Science 2007年第1期14卷 57-63页

作者： NICOLAS HARMEL RAKI almohamad MARIE-LAURE FAUCONNIER PATRICK DU JARDIN FRANCOIS VERHEGGEN MICHEL MARLIER ERIC HAUBRUGE FREDERIC FRANCIS Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Department of Plant Biology Department of General and Organic Chemistry Gembloux Agricultural University Gembloux Belgium

To cope with pathogen and insect attacks, plants develop different mechanisms of defence, in both direct （physical and chemical） and indirect ways （attractive volatiles to entomophagous beneficials）. Plants are then able to express traits that facilitate ＂top-down＂ control of pests by attracting herbivore predators. Here we investigate the indirect defence mechanism of potato plants by analyzing the volatile patterns of both healthy and aphid- infested plants. Important changes in the emitted terpene pattern by the Myzus persicae infested host plant were observed. Using Solid Phase MicroExtraction （SPME） and GC-MS, the （E）-fl-farnesene （EBF） appeared to be emitted by aphid-infested potato and not by healthy plants. To assess the infochemical role of these volatile releases after aphid damage on the aphidophagous predators Episyrphus balteams, the hoverfly foraging behavior was assessed using the Observer 5.0 software （Noldus, Wageningen, The Netherlands）. Aphidfree potato plants were also used as a control volatile source in the predator behavioral study. While aphid-infested plants induced efficient searching and acceptation behaviors leading to egg-laying, no kairomonal effect of healthy potato plants was observed, leading to longer immobility durations and shorter searching periods in the net cage. High oviposition rate of E. balteatus was observed when aphid-infested potato was used （mean of 48.9 eggs per laying and per female）. On the other hand, no egg was produced by the hoverfly on healthy aphid-free plants. The E. balteatus foraging and reproductive behaviors according to the volatile emission from aphid-infested plants are discussed in relation to the potential use of active infochemical molecules in integrated aphid pest management.

关键词： aphid infested behavior Episyrphus balteatus potato terpenes

The assessment of climatic,environmental,and socioeconomic aspects of the Brazilian Cerrado

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 274-285页

作者： Washington Luiz Félix Correia Filho JoséFrancisco de Oliveira-Júnior Dimas de Barros Santiago Hazem Ghassan Abdo Hussein almohamad Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior Postgraduate Program in Environmentrics(PPGAmb) Institute of MathematicsStatisticsand Physics(IMEF)Federal University of Rio Grande(FURG)Rio GrandeRio Grande do Sul 96203-900Brazil Institute of Atmospheric Sciences(ICAT) Federal University of Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAlagoas 57072-260Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biosystems Engineering(PGEB) Federal Fluminense University(UFF)NiteróiRio de Janeiro 24220-900Brazil Postgraduate Program in Meteorology Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Atmosféricas(UACA)Federal University of Campina Grande(UFCG)Campina GrandeParaíba 58429-140Brazil Geography Department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesTartous UniversityTartousSyria Geography Department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria Geography Department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesTishreen UniversityLat-takiaSyria Department of Geography College of Arabic Language and Social StudiesQassim UniversityBuraydah 51452Saudi Arabia Departamento de Geografia State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)SinopMato Grosso 78555-000Brazil

Background The Cerrado is the most biodiverse savanna and maintains other *** of its significance,this paper evaluated the Brazilian Cerrado’s climatic,environmental,and socioeconomic aspects using remote sensing data and spatial statistics(correlation analysis and principal components analysis—PCA).Following the measures of sample adequacy(MSA)and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin(KMO)tests,seventeen variables were *** The MSA revealed that the dataset had a good quality(0.76),and nine variables were selected:elevation,evapotranspiration,active fires,Human Development Index(HDI),land use and land cover(LULC;shrubland and cropland/rainfed),rainfall(spring and autumn),and *** correlation matrix indicated a positive(negative)association between HDI and autumn rainfall(HDI and active fires)with a value of 0.77(-0.55).The PCA results determined which three principal components(PC)were adequate for extracting spatial patterns,accounting for 68.02%of the total variance with respective values of 38.59%,16.89%,and 12.5%.Due to economic development and agribusiness,Cerrado’s northern(central,western,and southern)areas had negative(positive)score HDI values,as shown in ***(rainfall—spring and fall)and environmental(cropland/rainfed and shrubland)aspects dominated the PC2,with negative scores in northern and western portions due to the transition zone between Amazon and Cerrado biomes caused by rainfall *** the other hand,environmental aspects(LULC-shrubland and elevation)influenced the PC3;areas with high altitudes(>500 m)received a higher *** Agricultural expansion substantially affected LULC,leading to deforestation-caused suppression of native vegetation.

关键词： Environment Agribusiness Active fire Human Development Index Land use and land cover