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Factors behind not using child restrain(t) among hospital employees and general population：A case control study

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第4期8卷 269-275页

作者： Emad Siddiqui Badar Afzal Ghazala Kazi Asher Feroz Rubaba Naeem tarab mans.or Ahreen Allana Saif Siddiqui Zain Siddiqui Department of Emergency Medicine Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle crash(MVC) related injury has been identified as a major public health concern. Child restrain(CR) seat belts can minimize the mortality and morbidity from MVC. The use for seat belts is substantially low in developing countries like Pakistan even though its use has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality by a significant ***: This was a case control study with cases from the general population(GP) and controls from the Aga Khan University(AKU) employees in a 3:1 ratio. The study questionnaire was based on parameters like gender, education level, awareness and presence of CR and also assessed the frequency of usage, reasons for not using CR and the source of knowledge regarding CR ***: Out of 848 respondents, 212 were from AKU and 636 were from the GP. 96.7% from AKU had at least a bachelor's degree while less than half(42.6%) of those from the GP were graduate or above(P<0.001). A statistically signif icant difference was found between the two groups with drivers from AKU being generally more aware about CR and its use. 81.1% of the group from AKU compared to 59.7% from the general population were found to be aware of child restraint use(P<0.001). Media(40.6%) was found to be the most common source of information amongst the AKU ***: Most motor vehicle related injuries in children can be prevented or their severity may be reduced by the use of appropriate child restraint seat belts.

关键词： Child restrain Seat belt Injury Pakistan

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Tibetan Women and Cosmetics

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China's Tibet 1996年第4期7卷 40-40页

作者： tarab CERING YUZHOIN

ＴｉｂｅｔａｎＷｏｍｅｎａｎｄＣｏｓｍｅｔｉｃｓＴＡＲＡＢＣＥＲＩＮＧＹＵＺＨＯＩＮＩｔｉｓｔｒｕｅｔｏｓａｙｔｈａｔｗｏｍｅｎｈｅｌｐｂｅａｕｔｉｆｙｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ．Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｙｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓａ... 详细信息

ＴｉｂｅｔａｎＷｏｍｅｎａｎｄＣｏｓｍｅｔｉｃｓＴＡＲＡＢＣＥＲＩＮＧＹＵＺＨＯＩＮＩｔｉｓｔｒｕｅｔｏｓａｙｔｈａｔｗｏｍｅｎｈｅｌｐｂｅａｕｔｉｆｙｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ．Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｙｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓａｒｅｐｒｅｔｔｙｅｎｏｕｇｈ，ｔｈ...

关键词： Tibetan

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Zada Burab:A Holy Land

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China's Tibet 1997年第1期8卷 46-46页

作者： tarab CERING YUZHOIN

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Nano-Microencapsulation and Controlled Release of Linoleic Acid in Biopolymer Matrices: Effects of the Physical State, Water Activity, and Quercetin on Oxidative Stability

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2012年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Gilles K. Kouassi Vinod K. Teriveedhi Christopher L. Milby tarab Ahmad Mark S. Boley Netkal M. Gowda Ronald J. Terry Department of Chemistry Western Illinois University Macomb USA Department of Physics Western Illinois University Macomb USA

In this study, linoleic acid (LA) was encapsulated in the presence or absence of quercetin into a dual polymer system of whey protein and kappa-carrageenan using power ultrasound. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and FlowCam imaging technology were used for imaging and size determination of nano-and micro-capsules. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the freeze-dried nanocapsules. In order to examine the effect of water activity (aw) on the release profile of the encapsulated LA, the nanocapsules were equilibrated over saturated salt solution conditions corresponding to the range of aw between 0.333 and 0.769 in evacuated desiccators at room temperature. Gravimetric measurements of the steady state linoleic acid (LA) contents were conducted. The anti-oxidant activity of quercetin and the stability of encapsulated LA toward long term and thermally induced rancidity was investigated. The capsules were in the nanosize regime and 83% of the LA was effectively encapsulated. Furthermore, at aw of 0.764, the highest percentage of LA (74%) was released from the expelling nanocapsules. Quercetin was found to exhibit protective antioxidant effect against time-dependent oxidation and thermally induced rancidity of LA. Water activity values of 0.662 and 0.764 provided ideal humidity and pressure conditions for sustained release of nanoencapsulated LA at room temperature.

关键词： Nanoencapsulation Microencapsulation kappa-Carrageenan Quercetin Rancidity Antioxidant

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