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Pairing nitroxyl radical and phenazine with electron-withdrawing/-donating substituents in “water-in-ionic liquid” for high-voltage aqueous redox flow batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 713-722页

作者： Zhifeng Huang Rolf Hempelmann Yiqiong Zhang li tao Ruiyong Chen Transfercenter Sustainable Electrochemistry Saarland University and KIST Europe66125SaarbruckenGermany State Key laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha410082HunanChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha410114HunanChina Materials innovation Factory Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL697ZDUnited Kingdom

Aqueous redox-active organic materials-base electrolytes are sustainable alternatives to vanadium-based electrolyte for redoxﬂow batteries(RFBs)due to the advantages of high ionic conductivity,environmentally benign,safety and low ***,the underexplored redox properties of organic materials and the narrow thermodynamic electrolysis window of water(1.23 V)hinder their wide ***,seeking suitable organic redox couples and aqueous electrolytes with a high output voltage is highly suggested for advancing the aqueous organic *** this work,the functionalized phenazine and nitroxyl radical with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing group exhibit redox potential of-0.88 V and 0.78 V ***,respectively,in“water-in-ionic liquid”supporting *** spectra reveal that the activity of water is largely suppressed in“water-in-ionic liquid”due to the enhanced hydrogen bond interactions between ionic liquid and water,enabling an electrochemical stability window above 3 V.“Water-in-ionic liquid”supporting electrolytes help to shift redox potential of nitroxyl radical and enable the redox activity of functionalized *** assembled aqueous RFB allows a theoretical cell voltage of 1.66 V and shows a practical discharge voltage of 1.5 V in the“water-in-ionic liquid”***,capacity retention of 99.91%per cycle is achieved over 500 charge/discharge cycles.A power density of 112 mW cm^(-2) is obtained at a current density of 30 mA cm^(-2).This work highlights the importance of rationally combining supporting electrolytes and organic molecules to achieve high-voltage aqueous RFBs.

关键词： Aqueous redoxﬂow batteries Water-in-ionic liquid electrolytes High-voltage aqueous batteries Organic redox-active materials

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Triple signal amplification electrochemical sensing platform for Hg^(2+) in water without direct modification of the working electrode

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 157-167页

作者： liuyin Hu Jiahua Cui tao lu Yalin Wang Jinping Jia School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China international Copper Association Ltd.Shanghai 200020China

An ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor to detect trace Hg^(2+)in environmental samples was developed utilizing nanogold-decorated magnetic reduced graphene oxide(MrGO-AuNPs),exonuclease iii-assisted target cycle(Exo Ⅲ-ATC)and hybridization chain reaction(HCR)synergistic triple signal *** MrGO-AuNPs is a superior carrier for capture DNA(cDNA)and acts as magnetic media for automatic separation and *** innovative utilization of the magnetism and improved sensing efficiency obviates the need for direct modification and repeated polishing of the working ***,the three DNA hairpins(cDNA,methylene blue(MB)labeled HP1 and HP2)further contribute to biosensor specificity and *** cDNA captures Hgt,it activates Exo Ⅲ-ATC due to the formation of a sticky end in the DNA stem via thymine-Hig-thymidine(T-Hg^(2+)-T),this leads to the hydrolysis of self-folded DNA by Exo Ⅲ-ATC to form"key"DNA(kDNA).The kDNA subsequently initiates HCR,resul.ing in massive super-sandwich structures(kDNA-[HP1/HP2])carrying signaling molecules on MrGO-AuNPs,and this overall structure serves as a signal probe(SP).leveraging magnetic adsorption,the SP was automatically adsorbed onto the magneto-glass carbon electrode(MGCE),generating an amplified *** biosensor's detection limit(lOD)was 3.14 pmol/l,far below the limit of 10 nmol/l for mercury in drinking water set by the US *** biosensor also showed excellent selectivity when challenged by interfering ions,and the results of its application in actual samples indicate that it has good potential for practical applications in environmental monitoring.

关键词： Electrochemical sensing Hg^(2+) Amplification Graphene Hybridization chain reaction Exonuclease Ⅲ

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Surface integrity evolution during creep feed profile grinding ofγ-TiAl blade tenon

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 496-512页

作者： tao CHEN Xiaowei WANG Biao ZHAO Wenfeng DiNG Jiuhua XU National Key laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Gamma titanium-aluminum(γ-TiAl.intermetal.ic compounds are increasingly used in manufacturing key hot-end components(e.g.,blade tenon)in aero engines due to their high specific strength and lightweight *** feed profile grinding(CFPG)as a crucial precision process that is applied to produce the final profile of the blade ***,sudden surface burns and microcracks of machined c-TiAl blade tenon often occur because of its low plasticity and high strength during grinding processes,leading to poor surface *** this work,CFPG experiments based on the profile characteristics ofγ-TiAl blade tenon were performed and an associated undeformed chip thickness model considering grain–workpiece contact condition was established to explore the evolution of the surface ***,the surface integrity was analyzed at different positions of the blade tenon in terms of surface roughness and morphology,metallographic structure,microhardness,and residual *** show that the profile characteristics of blade tenon have a significant influence on machined surface integrity because of the thermomechanical effect at various detecting *** residual stress was established based on the undeformed chip thickness model considering the profile structure,with a prediction error of 10%–15%.The thermomechanical effect is more obvious at the bottom area,where the surface roughness,work hardening degree,and subsurface plastic deformation range are the largest,while the values at the bevel area are the *** on the undeformed chip thickness model,a residual stress finite element simulation was conducted by employing thermomechanical coupled *** addition,the error between the simulation and the experiment was between 10%–15%.Strain and strain rate equations were established through the relationship between material displacement and *** average strain and strain rate of the ground surface when ap is 1.0 mm are 18.8%and 33.2%l

关键词： Gamma titanium-aluminum intermetal.ic compounds Blade tenon Creep feed profile grinding Surface integrity Thermomechanical effect

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Three rare anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from Magnolia grandiflora

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 265-272页

作者： XU Shuangyu ZHANG Feng tao linlan JiANG Yangming HUANG tao li Yanan HU Zhanxing YANG Jue HAO Xiaojiang YUAN Chunmao State Key laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China State Key laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

Four new sesquiterpene lactones(Sls)(1–4),along with a biosynthetically related Sl(5),have been isolated from the leaves of Magnolia *** A(1)is notable as the first C18 homogemarane type Sl,featuring a unique 1,7-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonan-6-one *** 2 and 3,representing the first instances of chlorine-substituted gemarane-type Sl analogs in natural products,were also *** structures of these isolates were elucidated through a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,electronic circular dichroism calculations,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction *** isolates demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 ***,3–5 showed a significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production,with iC50 values ranging from 0.79 to 4.73μmol·l^(−1).Additionally,4 and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines,with iC50 values between 3.09 and 11.23μmol·l^(−1).

关键词： Magnolia grandiflora Sesquiterpene lactones isolation and identification Anti-inflammatory activity

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The Effects of Thickness and location of PCMon the Buil.ing’s Passive Temperature-Control–A Numerical Study

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Energy Engineering 2024年第3期121卷 681-702页

作者： Zhengrong Shi JieRen tao Zhang Yanming Shen College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai201306China Research and Development Center Heatmate New Energy Technology Co.Ltd.Shanghai200090China Shanghai Non-Carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

Buil.ing energy consumption and buil.ing carbon emissions both account for more than 20%of their total national values in *** employing phase change material(PCM)for passive temperature control shows a promising prospect in meeting the comfort demand and reducing energy consumption ***,there is a lack of more detailed research on the interaction between the location and thickness of PCM and indoor natural convection,as well as indoor temperature *** this study,the numerical model of a passive temperature-controlled buil.ing integrating the developed PCM module is established with the help of *** which,the actual weather condition of Beijing city is set as the boundary conditions and the indoor natural convection is simulated with the consideration of radiation *** effects of PCM’s thickness and location on the internal temperature field are analyzed and *** results show that the room could maintain within the human comfort temperature range with the longest ratio of 94.10%and the shortest ratio of 51.04%as integrating *** comparison,the value is only 26.70%without *** room’s maximum temperature fluctuation can also be improved;it could be lowered by 64.4%compared to the normal *** the quantity of PCM is sufficient,further increasing the PCM amount results in a temperature fluctuation reduction of less than 0.1°C and does not increase the comfort *** PCM on the wall.induces an apparent variation in indoor temperature along the vertical ***,placing PCM on the roof can lead to a heat transfer rate difference of up to seven *** optimal placement of PCM depends on the difference between the environmental and phase change *** the difference is positive,placing PCM on the roof is more effective;conversely,the opposite *** to the results over the entire cycle,PCM application on vertical walls yields better *** significant diffe

关键词： Phase change materials passive temperature regulation numerical simulation temperature field

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Enhancing single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfl.idics with fine-tunable on-chip sample enrichment

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 149-160页

作者： tao Tang Hao Zhao Shaofei Shen like Yang Chwee Teck lim Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583 SingaporeSingapore integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of Singapore119077 SingaporeSingapore Shanxi Key lab for Modernization of TCVM College of Life ScienceShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxi 030801China institute for Health innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599 SingaporeSingapore Mechanobiology institute National University of Singapore117411 SingaporeSingapore institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological University636921 SingaporeSingapore

Single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfl.idics is commonly hindered by the tradeoff between cell suspension density and on-chip focusing *** this study,we introduce a novel droplet microfl.idic chip to overcome this *** chip comprises a double spiral focusing unit,a flow resistance-based sample enrichment module with fine-tunable outlets,and a crossflow droplet generation *** a low-density cell/bead suspension(2×10^(6) objects/ml),cells/beads are focused into a near-equidistant linear arrangement within the double spiral *** excess water phase is diverted while cells/beads remain focused and sequentially encapsulated in individual *** performance was assessed through numerical simulations and experiments at three flow rates(40,60,80μl/min),demonstrating successful focusing at 40 and 80μl/min for beads and cells,*** addition,both simulation and experimental results revealed that the flow resistance at the sample enrichment module is adjustable by punching different outlets,allowing over 50%of the aqueous phase to be ***8n-based droplet detection algorithms realized the counting of cells/beads in droplets,statistically demonstrating single-cell and bead encapsulation rates of 72.2%and 79.2%,*** the results indicate that this on-chip sample enrichment approach can be further developed and employed as a critical component in single-cell encapsulation in water-in-oil droplets.

关键词： beads outlet sample

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Online control for pressure regulation of oxygen mask based on neural network

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 487-501页

作者： ligan Zhao Qinglin Sun Hao Sun Jin tao Zengqiang Chen College of Artificial.intel.igence Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Silo Al Helsinki 00100Finland

The aviation oxygen mask,which has a small volume of less than 1l and strong air tightness,imposes extremely high requirements on control performance of the oxygen *** on analyses of the operation principle of oxygen supply system,the dynamic model.is established through the combination of mechanism analysis and experimental *** that the traditional fixed-parameter controllers are difficult to meet the control requirements with changes in pulmonary ventilation,this paper presents an online feedback controller based on neural network compensation(NNC),with connection weights that can be updated without *** mathematical simulations at different respiratory parameters,such as respiratory rate,are performed to verify the superior lower inspiratory resistance of controller with *** terms of hardware,an embedded Ai control platform is to complete the experimental ***,the work may have downward compatibility to achieve stable oxygen supply in civil fields,such as medical ventilators,high-al.itude expeditions.

关键词： Neural network Online control Pressure regulation Ai platform

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Modeling and Performance Analysis of UAV-Aided Mil.imeter Wave Cellular Networks with Stochastic Geometry

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China Communications 2024年第6期21卷 146-162页

作者： li Junruo Wang Yuanjie Cui Qimei Hou Yanzhao tao Xiaofeng National Engineering laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China(CNCERT/CC) Beijing 100029China Department of Broadband Communication Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518055China

UAV-aided cellular networks,mil.imeter wave(mm-wave) communications and mul.i-antenna techniques are viewed as promising components of the solution for beyond-5G(B5G) and even 6G *** leveraging the power of stochastic geometry,this paper aims at providing an effective framework for modeling and analyzing a UAV-aided heterogeneous cellular network,where the terrestrial base stations(TBSs) and the UAV base stations(UBSs) coexist,and the UBSs are provided with mm-wave and mul.i-antenna *** modeling the TBSs as a PPP and the UBSs as a Matern hard-core point process of type Ⅱ(MPH-Ⅱ),approximated but accurate analytical results for the average rate of the typical user of both tiers are derived through an approximation method based on the mean interference-to-signal ratio(MiSR) *** influence of some relevant parameters is discussed in detail,and some insights into the network deployment and optimization are *** results show that some trade-offs are worthy of being considered,such as the antenna array size,the al.itude of the UAVs and the power control factor of the UBSs.

关键词： average rate downlink mil.imeter wave point process theory SiR stochastic geometry UAVaided cellular networks

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Formation mechanism of Fe-based amorphous powders produced by spark erosion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 33-46页

作者： Chekai liu Ran li Jiazi Bi Ding Ma Xiaobin liu tao Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Spark erosion is a convenient,flexible,and low-cost method to quickly produce fine powders of metals,alloys,and semiconductors in size ranging from nearly a hundred micrometers to submicrometer by repetitive spark *** to the complexity of the powder-forming journey,normally accompanied by high temperature,high pressure,decomposition,diffusion and rapid quenching caused by discharge plasma,the mechanisms of powder formation and possible contaminant infiltration are still controversial,posing a significant challenge to control particle size and chemical composition of the powder produced by this *** this study,Fe-based amorphous powders in different particle-size distributions with high sphericity were fabricated by spark erosion under different discharge-energy *** max-imum particle size of the resultant powders can be correlated with discharge parameters,crater depth,and crater radius,respectively.A mul.i-ring-breakup model.is proposed to reveal the particle-size distribution of the powder formed from the electrode melt under a single-pulse ***,a dielectric-element infiltration model.is provided to quantitatively evaluate the infiltration mass ratio of the contaminant elements,stemming from the decomposed products of dielectric liquid,in the resultant powder with different particle *** models verified through the experimental data are significant for the development of high-performance fine Fe-based amorphous powder with controlled particle size and chemical composition.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Particle Spark erosion infiltration Modeling

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Bal.istic performance of additive manufacturing 316l stainless steel projectiles based on topology optimization method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 1-17页

作者： Hao Xue tao Wang Xinyu Cui Yifan Wang Guangyan Huang State Key laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Material and structure made by additive manufacturing(AM)have received much attention lately due to their flexibility and ability to customize complex *** study first implements mul.iple objective topology optimization simulations based on a projectile perforation model,and a new topologic projectile is *** two types of 316l stainless steel projectiles(the solid and the topology)are printed in a selective laser melt(SlM)machine to evaluate the penetration performance of the projectiles by the bal.istic *** experiment results show that the dimensionless specific kinetic energy value of topologic projectiles is higher than that of solid projectiles,indicating the better penetration ability of the topologic ***,microscopic studies(scanning electron microscope and X-ray micro-CT)are performed on the remaining projectiles to investigate the failure mechanism of the internal structure of the topologic *** explicit dynamics simulation was also performed,and the failure locations of the residual topologic projectiles were in good agreement with the experimental results,which can better guide the design of new projectiles combining AM and topology optimization in the future.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Topology optimization Bal.istic performance Projectile design

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