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Adsorption,in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1685-1697页

作者： Fangming Zhang Hui zheng tao zheng Pan Xu Yao Xu Yuxin Cao Fan Jia Yiqiong Zeng Yubing Fan Kai He Xinwen Dai Fengfei Hou Yong Yang College of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208China School of Pharmaceutical Science Hunan University of MedicineHuaihua 418000China Hunan Fuling Engineering Technology Research Center Huaihua 418100China

Poria cocos(PC)is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a widely used healthcare ingredient,which has antiobesity,enhancing immunity and improving sleep ***,only water-soluble poria polysaccharide(WSP)is extracted and applied for clinical application,while insoluble polysaccharide(alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide,ASP)is discarded as herb ***,the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal *** the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC,ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of *** to WSP,little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide(CMP)which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant *** this study,the oil,cholesterol,metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability,in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP,ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three *** polysaccharides(PCPs).The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol,polyphenols and metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+)/Mg^(2+)),among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and *** adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+))was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions(Mg^(2+));The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low,but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP;Moreover,the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota,among which ASP had the greatest *** general,ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful *** gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced,but the richness of probiotics,especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group,and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inh

关键词： Poria cocos polysaccharides Alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide Carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide Adsorption characteristics In vitro simulated digestion In vitro simulated gut microbiota fermentation

Frequency and size change of ice–snow avalanches in the central Himalaya:A case from the Annapurna II glacier

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 464-475页

作者： Yao LI Yi-Fei CUI Jian-Sheng HAO zheng-tao ZHANG Hao WANG Jian GUO Shuo-Fan WANG State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Hydrosphere Sciences of the Ministry of Water Resources Beijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Glaciers have retreated and shrunk in High Mountain Asia since the mid-20th century because of global warming,leading to glacier instability and hazardous iceesnow ***,the complex relationship between iceesnow avalanches and factors such as climate and potential triggers are difficult to understand because of the lack of observational ***,we addressed iceesnow avalanches on the Annapurna II glacier in Nepal,Central *** constructed an iceesnow avalanche history using long-term multi-source remote sensing images(1988-2021)and mapped the velocity fields of glaciers using cross-correlation analysis on SAR and optical ***,we investigated the impact of climate change and earthquakes on the frequency and size of iceesnow *** results demonstrate that the frequency of iceesnow avalanches has increased from 10 in 1988 to 27 in 2020,but the average area of iceesnow avalanche deposits has decreased by approximately 70%,from 3.4×10^(5) m^(2) in 1988 to 1.2×10^(5) m^(2) in *** evolutionary characteristic of ice avalanches is linked to the impact of glacier retreat(reduction in ice material supply)and increased activity under climate *** glacier movement velocity controls the size of iceesnow avalanches and can be set as an indicator for iceesnow avalanche *** the Annapurna Ⅱ glacier,an iceesnow avalanche occurred when the glacier velocities were greater than 1.5 m d^(-1).These results offer insights into iceesnow avalanche risk assessment and prediction in high-mountain areas,particularly in regions characterised by dense glacier distribution.

关键词： Iceesnow avalanche Glacier instability Climate change Central Himalaya Remote sensing

Implementation of gastrointestinal function protection in severe acute pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 521-522页

作者： Fu-zheng tao Rong-Lin Jiang Shui-Fang Jin Intensive Care Unit Taizhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine HospitalTaizhou 310075China Intensive Care Unit the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou 310006China

Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a serious systemic disease associated with strong local inflammatory reactions and serious systemic pathophysiological disorders caused by trypsin *** with SAP are prone to exhibit gastrointestinal ***,gastrointestinal dysfunction further aggravates the systemic inflammatory response and metabolic abnormalities,resulting in a more critical condition of *** dysfunction is considered to be the“trigger”of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome[1].Thus,it is important to maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis in the treatment of SAP.

关键词： gastrointestinal pancreatitis acute

Correlation of preoperative inflammatory factors and emotional disorders with postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral trauma

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第7期14卷 1043-1052页

作者： Peng Cao Zhe-Yong Jia tao zheng tao Mei Department of Neurosurgery Changde HospitalXiangya School of MedicineCentral South University(The First People’s Hospital of Changde City)Changde 415003Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)imposes a substantial societal and familial burden due to its high disability and fatality rates,rendering it a serious public health *** patients with TBI have poor treatment outcomes and are prone to postoperative delirium(POD),which affects their quality of *** has been linked to increased POD incidence in some studies,while others have found no *** To investigate the correlation of POD risk factors,preoperative inflammatory factors,and mood disorders in patients with *** We retrospectively collected data on the treatment of 80 patients with TBI from November 2021 to September *** were grouped as POD and non-POD,according to their POD status,and the general data of the two groups were *** factor levels were detected preoperatively,and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were used to investigate the risk factors associated with POD in these *** regression was used to identify the independent risk *** Twenty-one patients(26.25%)developed POD,including 7,10,and 4 cases of the excitatory,inhibitory,and mixed types,*** were 59 cases(73.75%)in the non-POD *** with the non-POD group,the POD group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)scores before admission,unilateral mydriasis,preoperative hemorrhagic shock,intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH),and postoperative hyperglycemic hyperosmolar disease(P<0.05).In the POD group,interleukin-6(IL-6),human tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),myeloperoxidase levels,HAMA,and HAMD scores were higher than those in the non-POD group(all P<0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that GCS score at admission,IVH,IL-6,TNF-α,HAMA,and HAMD were independent risk factors for POD in patients with TBI(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Low GCS score at admission,IVH,elevated IL-6 and TNF-α,other inflammatory indicators,anxiety,and depress

关键词： Inflammatory factors Mood disorders Traumatic brain injury Postoperative delirium Relevance Risk factor

Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in coronary chronic total occlusion patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 542-549页

作者： Qian LI Yue YU Ya-Qiong ZHOU Yi ZHAO Jin WU Yuan-Jing WU Bin DU Pei-Jian WANG tao zheng Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina

BACKGROUND The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been reported as a novel predictor for atherosclerosis and car-diovascular *** study aimed to determine the effects of NLR on long-term clinical outcomes of chronic total occlusion(CTO)*** A total of 670 patients with CTO who met the inclusion criteria were included at the end of the follow-up *** were divided into tertiles according to their baseline NLR levels at admission:low(n=223),intermediate(n=223),and high(n=224).The incidence of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)during the follow-up period,including all-cause death,nonfatal myocardial infarction(MI),or ischemia-driven revascularization,were compared among the three *** Major adverse cardiac events were observed in 27 patients(12.1%)in the low tertile,40(17.9%)in the intermediate tertile,and 61(27.2%)in the high NLR tertile(P<0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of MACE,ischemia-driven coronary revascularization,non-fatal MI,and mortality in patients within the high tertile than those in the low and intermediate groups(all P<0.001).Multivariable COX regression analysis showed that the high tertile of baseline NLR level showed a strong association with the risk of MACE(hazard ratio[HR]=2.21;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.21-4.03;P=0.009),ischemia-driven coronary revascularization(HR=3.19;95%CI:1.56-6.52;P=0.001),MI(HR=2.61;95%CI:1.35-5.03;P=0.043)and mortality(HR=3.78;95%CI:1.65-8.77;P=0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NLR is an inexpensive and readily available biomarker that can independently pre-dict cardiovascular risk in patients with CTO.

关键词： patients coronary occlusion

店埠河流域地表水-地下水水化学特征及其成因分析

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环境科学 2024年第2期45卷 813-825页

作者：郑涛秦先燕吴剑雄安徽省地质调查院(安徽省地质科学研究所) 合肥230001

巢湖是我国水污染防治的重点水体,但近年来一直处于较高的富营养化水平.以巢湖二级支流店埠河流域内的地表水和地下水为研究对象,测试不同水体水化学组成和氢氧同位素值,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图和离子比值等方法,分析... 详细信息

巢湖是我国水污染防治的重点水体,但近年来一直处于较高的富营养化水平.以巢湖二级支流店埠河流域内的地表水和地下水为研究对象,测试不同水体水化学组成和氢氧同位素值,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图和离子比值等方法,分析其季节性和空间变化特征,探讨地表水和地下水的水化学特征和形成机制.结果表明,①大气降水是店埠河流域地表水和地下水的主要补给来源,地表水的蒸发分馏效应比地下水更显著.不同时期,地表水比地下水更富集氢氧稳定同位素.地表水和地下水中氢氧稳定同位素均呈季节性变化特征,丰水期相对富集,枯水期相对贫化.②店埠河流域地表水和地下水均为弱碱性水,地表水中各离子浓度明显小于地下水,地表水中阳离子以Ca^(2+)和Na^(+)为主,地下水中阳离子以Ca^(2+)为主,水体中的优势阴离子均为HCO_(3)^(-).地表水的水化学类型以HCO_(3)·Cl-Na·Ca型水为主,地下水以HCO_(3)-Na·Ca型水为主.③地表水和地下水主要水化学指标浓度具有一定的时空差异性.从丰水期到枯水期,地表水中TDS、K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)浓度整体呈现上升趋势.地下水中Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)浓度整体变化不大,略有增加趋势,Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和NO_(3)^(-)浓度整体呈上升趋势.从上游到下游,地表水中主要水化学指标浓度呈现先减小后增大的趋势,NO_(3)^(-)浓度增幅最大.地下水在径流方向上主要水化学指标浓度整体变化不大,但呈现出排泄区大于补给区的规律.④水体水化学特征的形成主要受水-岩作用控制,同时还受到人为因素影响.水-岩作用主要为硅酸盐岩、盐岩和碳酸盐岩等矿物的风化溶解.污水处理厂污水、生活污水和粪肥等污染物已明显改变了局部水体的水化学特征.⑤与2016年相比,地表水中的NO_(3)^(-)浓度已有不同程度地减少,当地政府进行的氮污染控制工作已取得一定成效,但仍需在店埠河下游、部分支流(定光河和马桥河)和部分居民点加强对污水及粪肥的污染防控.

关键词：店埠河流域水化学特征水化学成因离子来源氢氧稳定同位素巢湖

计及控制切换的逆变电源并网系统故障计算方法

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电网技术 2024年第7期48卷 2985-2994,I0098页

作者：马红月郑涛周昊张涛郝治国西安交通大学电气工程学院陕西省西安市710049

并网逆变电源的故障特征受控制策略影响极大,非线性特性显著,传统故障分析方法无法适用。为精确描述故障期间系统电压和电流的变化过程,该文考虑了电力电子换流器的通流能力、故障后的控制策略切换、控制系统的非线性、状态变量的耦合... 详细信息

并网逆变电源的故障特征受控制策略影响极大,非线性特性显著,传统故障分析方法无法适用。为精确描述故障期间系统电压和电流的变化过程,该文考虑了电力电子换流器的通流能力、故障后的控制策略切换、控制系统的非线性、状态变量的耦合性等因素,提出了一种适用于描述系统时域响应的全状态变量接续求解法。通过控制系统和一次电路的数值积分和微分方程组解析的接续求解得到系统状态量的时域变化全过程。该文以构网型逆变电源并网系统为例,建立PSCAD仿真模型和数学模型,通过仿真结果与该文所提方法的计算结果进行分析和对比,验证了方法的有效性和正确性。

关键词：故障计算接续求解限幅控制切换构网型逆变电源

Comparative analysis of two digestive tract reconstruction methods in total laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1109-1120页

作者： Tian-Xiang Dong Dong Wang Qun Zhao Zhi-Dong Zhang Xue-Feng Zhao Bi-Bo Tan Yu Liu Qing-Wei Liu Pei-Gang Yang Ping-An Ding tao zheng Yong Li Zi-Jing Liu Third Department of Surgery of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric CancerShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The incidence of gastric cancer has significantly increased in recent *** resection is the main treatment,but the method of digestive tract reconstruction after gastric cancer surgery remains *** the current study,we sought to explore a reasonable method of digestive tract reconstruction and improve the quality of life and nutritional status of patients after *** this end,we statistically analyzed the clinical results of patients with gastric cancer who underwent jejunal interposition double-tract reconstruction(DTR)and esophageal jejunum Roux-en-Y reconstruction(RY).AIM To explore the application effect of DTR in total laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy(TLTG)and evaluate its safety and *** We collected the relevant data of 77 patients who underwent TLTG at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2021 to January *** them,35 cases were treated with DTR,and the remaining 42 cases were treated with traditional *** 1:1 propensity score matching,the cases were grouped into 31 cases per group,with evenly distributed *** clinical characteristics and short-and long-term clinical outcomes of the two groups were statistically *** The two groups showed no significant differences in basic data,intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph node dissections,first defecation time after operation,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative complications,and laboratory examination results on the 1st,3rd,and 5th days after *** operation time of the DTR group was longer than that of the RY group[(307.58±65.14)min vs(272.45±62.09)min,P=0.016],but the first intake of liquid food in the DTR group was shorter than that in the RY group[(4.45±1.18)d vs(6.0±5.18)d,P=0.028].The incidence of reflux heartburn(Visick grade)and postoperative gallbladder disease in the DTR group was lower than that in the RY group(P=0.033 and P=0.038).Although there was no significant difference in bod

关键词： Gastric cancer Jejunal interposition double-tract reconstruction Roux-en-Y reconstruction Laparoscope

高校教学评价制度对教师教学绩效影响的实证研究:基于全国63所高校的数据检验

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黑龙江高教研究 2024年第6期42卷 30-37页

作者：陶政宇李楠首都经济贸易大学北京100070

教学质量是高校的立校之本,要提高教学质量,需要对教师的教学工作进行有效的评价。虽然我国高校教师的教学评价开展了近四十年,但现行评价制度的效果如何,能否对提升教师的教学绩效产生积极作用,较少有学者对此展开实证分析。基于全国6... 详细信息

教学质量是高校的立校之本,要提高教学质量,需要对教师的教学工作进行有效的评价。虽然我国高校教师的教学评价开展了近四十年,但现行评价制度的效果如何,能否对提升教师的教学绩效产生积极作用,较少有学者对此展开实证分析。基于全国63所高校的匹配数据,使用分层线性回归模型,实证分析评价制度的构成及其对提升高校教师教学绩效的影响。当评价制度的构成具备以下四个特点时,能够提升教师的教学绩效:第一,评价主体不宜选择全面评价;第二,评价内容要面对教学的全过程;第三,评价方式不能只有定性评价;第四,评价结果要反馈具体问题。

关键词：高校教师教学评价制度教学绩效匹配数据分层线性模型