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Humanistic Content in the Chinese Language Textbooks for Nine Year Compulsory Education

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Frontiers of Education in China 2011年第2期6卷 293-309页

作者： YANG Xiao tanja SARGENT School of Teacher Education Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041000China Graduate School of Education RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

In this paper,we employ quantitative and qualitative content analysis to investigate the nature of humanistic value content in the Chinese language arts curriculum and whether or not this varies across old and new versions of the *** findings illustrate the various dimensions of humanistic value content in the Chinese language arts curriculum and suggest that there is as much variation across different versions of the new textbooks as there is between old and new versions of the curriculum.

关键词： humanism Chinese language curriculum New Curriculum reform

Commercially available probiotic drinks containing Lactobacillus casei DN-114001 reduce antibiotic-associated diarrhea

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15837-15844页

作者： Christoph G Dietrich tanja Kottmann Manuela Alavi Department of Medicine Bethlehem Hospital Teaching Hospital of Aachen University RWTH Private Institute of Medical Statistics

AIM: To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus-containing commercially available probiotic formulations in Germany during antibiotic treatment with an analysis of cost-efficiency.

关键词： Antibiotics-associated diarrhea Probiotics Lactobacillus casei

Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 548-565页

作者： tanja Myllyviita Sampo Soimakallio Jáchym Judl Jyri Seppälä Finnish Environment Institute Helsinki Finland

Background:Replacing non-renewable materials and energy with wood offers a potential strategy to mitigate climate change if the net emissions of ecosystem and technosystem are reduced in a considered time *** factors(DFs)describe an emission reduction for a wood-based product or fuel which is used in place of a non-wood *** aims of this review were to map and assess DFs from scientific literature and to provide findings on how to harmonise practices behind them and to support coherent ***:Most of the reviewed DFs were positive,implying decreasing fossil GHG emissions in the *** vast majority of the reviewed DFs describe avoided fossil emissions either both in processing and use of wood or only in the latter when wood processing emissions were considered *** of the reviewed DFs included emissions avoided in post-use of harvested wood products(HWPs).Changes in forest and product carbon stocks were not included in DFs except in a few single ***,in most of the reviewed studies they were considered separately in a consistent way along with *** for wood energy,construction and material substitution were widely available,whereas DFs for packaging products,chemicals and textiles were *** than half of DFs were calculated by the authors of the reviewed articles while the rest of them were adopted from other ***:Most of the reviewed DFs describe the avoided fossil GHG *** DFs may provide insights on the wood-based products with a potential to replace emissions intensive alternatives but they do not reveal the actual climate change mitigation effects of wood *** way DFs should be applied and interpreted depends on what has been included in *** the aim of DFs is to describe the overall climate effects of wood use,DFs should include all the relevant GHG flows,including changes in forest and HWP carbon stock and post-use of HWPs,however,based on this lite

关键词： substitution potential replace

Dual-Targeting of Arabidopsis 6-Phosphogluconolactonase 3 （PGL3）to Chloroplasts and Peroxisomes Involves Interaction with Trx m2 in the Cytosol

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 252-255页

作者： Christian Holscher tanja Meyer Antje von Schaewen Institut for Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Schlossgarten 3 48149 Munster Germany

The oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway （OPPP） represents a central branch of cellular metabolism emanating from glucose-6-phosphate （G6P） to provide reductive power （NADPH） and sugar phosphates for anabolic biosyntheses. In plant cells, the oxidative OPPP branch is found in the cytosol and in plastids, consisting of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G6PD）, 6-phosphogluconolactonase （PGL）, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase （6PGD）. These enzymes are encoded by small gene families in the nuclear genome, which, in Arabidopsis, comprise six G6PD, five 6-PGL, and three 6-PGD isoforms （Kruger and von Schaewen, 2003）. Specific targeting motifs at the C-terminus of 6-PGL and 6-PGD isoforms suggested that the OPPP may also occur in peroxisomes （Reumann et al., 2004）.

关键词： Cytosol C-Terminus nuclear genome Plastid Peroxisomes 6-phosphogluconolactonase Gene families Plant cells chloroplasts Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Dual Glucose-6-Phosphate Arabidopsis sugar phosphates

Influence of short chain ceramides and lipophilic penetration enhancers on the nano-structure of stratum corneum model membranes studied using neutron diffraction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 29-36页

作者： Annett SCHROETER tanja ENGELBRECHT Reinhard H. H. NEUBERT Institute of Pharmacy Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg D-06120 Halle/Saale Germany

Oriented stratum corneum model lipid membranes were used to study the influence of the short chain ceramides （CER）[NP] and [AP] as well as the impact of the lipophilic penetration enhancer molecules oleic acid （OA） and isopropyl myristate （IPM） on the lipid nanostrueture. The influence of the enhancer molecules were studied using specifically deuterated OA and IPM and neutron diffraction. 2H NMR spectroscopy was used to study the impact of the ceramides＇ degree of order within the stratum corneum model lipid membranes. It was found that CER[NP] forms two very stable phases with high resistance against temperature increase. Phase B showed unusual hydration behavior as no water uptake of this phase was observed. The 2H NMR spectroscopic measurements showed that CER[NP] based ternary model system had a higher state of lamellar order in comparison to CER[AP] based lipid matrix. The studies confirmed that the short chain ceramides, particularly CER[NP], have a very high impact on the integrity of the Stratum comeum lipid bilayers. The penetration enhancer OA has not influenced the repeat distance of the model membrane based on CER[AP], and was not able to induce a phase separation in the investigated lipid matrix. However, a disorder and a fluidisation of the model membranes were observed when OA was incorporated. IPM showed the same effect but two phases （assigned as phase A and B） appeared, when IPM was used as penetration enhancer and incorporated into the model membrane. Furthermore, two arrangements of IPM were identified in phase A using deuterated IPM. A model of the nanostructure of the Stratum corneum lipid membranes is presented.

关键词： nano-structure of the stratum corneum cer-amide penetration enhancer model membrane neutron diffraction 2H NMR spectroscopy

Cortisol levels in skimmed milk during the first 22 weeks of lactation and response to short-term metabolic stress and lameness in dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 485-491页

作者： Katharina Gellrich tanja Sigl Heinrich H.D.Meyer Steffi Wiedemann Physiology Weihenstephan Technische Universitaet Muenchen Animal Health Institute of Animal Breeding and HusbandryKiel University

Background： Cortisol is secreted into blood in reaction to acute stress, but also in phases of diminished feed intake and changed animal behavior. As cows do not always show clear signs of discomfort, reliable diagnostic markers could be used to provide information regarding individual cows＇ distress. The objective of this study was to establish an ether free immunoassay for the detection of cortisol and to determine values during the first 22 weeks of lactation. Furthermore, the response in milk cortisol levels was assessed during times of metabolic stress and pain associated symptoms of lameness. Methods： Milk yield and composition, blood serum glucose, NEFA and BHBA as well as milk cortisol were determined in 24 multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows over the course of the first 22 weeks of lactation. Animals were further checked for signs of clinical diseases on a daily basis. Two feed restrictions over three days （FR; 70 % of precious ad libitum intake） were performed during the 4th wk and the 21st wk, respectively. An ELISA for cortisol measurement in easily accessible bovine skimmed milk was established and applied. Results： On the last day of FR in early lactation, a reduction in milk yield and changes in serum metabolites compared to respective previous values were detected. The FR in mid-lactation resulted in no changes in milk production and serum metabolites. Milk cortisol was highest during first wk of lactation and remained on comparable levels thereafter. Milk yield and composition were not influenced by FR. Lameness resulted in enhanced milk cortisol levels. Conclusion： Milk cortisol could be used as an indicator of painful symptoms such as lameness. Higher values of milk cortisol levels during first wk of lactation should be taken into account for interpretation.

关键词： Cortisol Dairy cow ELISA Feed restriction Milk

Ovarian cancer recurrence:“is the definition of platinum resistance modified by PARP inhibitors and other intervening treatments?”

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第2期5卷 451-458页

作者： tanja Pejovic Katherine Fitch Gordon Mills Knight Cancer Institute Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA. Department of Obstetrics&Gynecology Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA.

PolyADP ribose polymerase inhibitors(PARPi)have transformed the treatment of ovarian *** in high-grade serous ovarian cancer(HGSOC),a disease characterized by homologous recombination deficiency(HRD),PARPi have had a rapid and profound impact on the disease course,as well as biologic and biomarker definitions of HGSOC,thereby creating a paradigm shift in the approach to *** this review,we discuss the role of PARPi in the maintenance treatment of HGSOC,its effect on platinum sensitivity,and cross-resistance between platinum and PARP inhibitors.

关键词： PARP inhibitors olaparib niraparib ovarian cancer maintenance therapy

Semaglutide might be a key for breaking the vicious cycle of metabolically associated fatty liver disease spectrum?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第20期10卷 6759-6768页

作者： Maja Cigrovski Berkovic tanja Rezic Ines Bilic-Curcic Anna Mrzljak Department of Endocrinology DiabetesMetabolism and Clinical PharmacologyClinical Hospital DubravaZagreb 10000Croatia Faculty of Kinesiology University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinical Hospital DubravaZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes University Hospital Centre OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Metabolically associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome potentially related to unfavorable hepatic and extrahepatic outcomes and progression to *** to date,there are no approved pharmacotherapies for the treatment of MAFLD,so management focused on lifestyle interventions to encourage weight loss,and treatment of coexisting conditions is the only available ***,the aforementioned is often not potent enough to offer reversal or slow down hepatic inflammation and ***-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have a favorable effect on glycemic management and weight loss of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recently published data suggest their potential in MAFLD *** addition,some of the agents have proven cardiovascular and renal benefits in dedicated cardiovascular outcome trials,making them an interesting therapeutic *** this opinion review,we discuss the role of semaglutide in MAFLD.

关键词： Semaglutide Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Metabolically associated fatty liver disease

Instabilities in Coaxial Rotating Jets

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Journal of Thermal Science 2000年第4期9卷 322-326页

作者： tanja Ivanic Eric Foucault Jean Pecheux Virginie Gilard Laboratoire d’Etudes Aérodynamiques (L.E.A. CNRS UMR 6609) Poitiers France

The aim of this study is the characterization of the cylindrical "mixing layer resulting from the interaction of two coaxial swirling jets. The experimental part of this study was performed in a cylindrical water tunnel, permitting an independent rotation of two coaxial jets. The rotations are generated by means of 2×36 blades localized in two swirling chambers. As expected, the evolution of the main instability modes presents certain differences compared to the plane-mixing-layer case. Experimental results obtained by tomography showed the existence of vortex rings and streamwise vortex pairs in the near field region. This method also permitted the observation of the evolution and interaction of different modes. PIV velocity measurements realized in the meridian plans and the plans perpendicular to the jet axis show that rotation distorts the typical top-hat axial velocity profile. The transition of the axial velocity profile from jet-like into wake-like is also observed.

关键词： rotation swirl mixing layer instabilities.