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Impacts of climate change on water quantity, water salinity, food security, and socioeconomy in Egypt

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 17-27页

作者： Mohie El Din Mohamed omar Ahmed Moustafa Ahmed Moussa Reinhard Hinkelmann National Water Research Center Fum Ismailiya CanalShoubra El-Kheima 13411Egypt International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Cairo 2416Egypt Nile Research Institute(NRI) National Water Research CenterEl-Qanater 13621Egypt Department of Water Engineering Technische Universit€at Berlin(TU Berlin)Campus El GounaEl Gouna 84513Egypt

Climate change might have direct impacts on water quantity in Egypt and lead to indirect effects on Mediterranean saltwater intrusion to groundwater,which exposes agriculture to *** study investigated impacts of climate change on agriculture,with particular regard to food security and socioeconomy,and quantified the effectiveness of cropping pattern adaptation measures by integrating three mathematical *** BlueM model was used for hydrological simulations of Nasser Lake under flooding scenarios to predict the water supply from the High Aswan *** water and salinity balance(WB-SAL)model was adopted to estimate the water salinity in the Nile *** simulated results from the BlueM and WB-SAL models were integrated with the agricultural simulation model for Egypt(ASME)to project cropping patterns,food security,and socioeconomy throughout the *** results showed that future climate change will directly affect the total crop area;crop areas for 13 crop types;the self-sufficiency of wheat,rice,cereal,and maize supplies;and socioeconomic *** proposed cropping pattern adaptation measures focus on fixing the crop areas of rice and orchards and providing half of the population with lentils,maize,onion,vegetables,milk,and *** adaptation measures have the potential to promote food security without causing deterioration of the socioeconomic ***,water availability has much more significant effects on food security and socioeconomy than cropping pattern adaptation measures ***,the country should rationalize water use efficiency and increase water supply.©2021 Hohai *** and hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Climate change Water quantity Salinity Cropping pattern adaptation measures Food security Socioeconomy

Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 283-295页

作者： Alvaro López-Bernal omar García-Tejera Luca Testi Francisco J.Villalobos Departamento de Agronomía Universidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesEdifi cio C414071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Ingeniería Agraria Y del Medio Natural Universidad de La LagunaCarretera General de Geneto 238200 San Cristóbal de La LagunaSpain Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible(IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas(CSIC)Av.Menéndez Pidal S/N14080 CórdobaSpain

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem ***,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid *** work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive *** simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management *** are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing *** revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of *** this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit *** also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing *** the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing *** simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

关键词： Carbon exchange Cover crops Crop modelling Evapotranspiration Olea europaea L

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Clinical characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in children caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae with or without myocardial damage:A single-center retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第3期12卷 115-124页

作者： Shukri omar Yusuf Peng Chen Department of Pediatrics The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a prevalent pathogen that causes respiratory infections in children and *** To assess the differences in the clinical features of MP-associated communityacquired pneumonia(CAP)in children who presented with mild or severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP);to identify the incidence of myocardial damage between the two *** This work is a retrospective *** identified children between 2 mo and 16 years of age with clinical and radiological findings consistent with *** admitted patients to the inpatient department of the Second Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun,China,from January 2019 to December *** A total of 409 hospitalized patients were diagnosed with *** them were 214(52.3%)males and 195(47.7%)*** duration of fever and cough was the longest in severe MPP ***,plasma levels of highly sensitive Creactive protein(t=-2.834,P<0.05),alanine transaminase(t=-2.511,P<0.05),aspartate aminotransferase(t=-2.939,P<0.05),and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)(t=-2.939,P<0.05)were all elevated in severe MPP cases compared with mild MPP cases,and these elevations were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conversely,the neutrophil percentage was significantly lower in severe MPP cases than in mild MPP *** incidence of myocardial damage was significantly higher in severe MPP cases than in mild MPP cases(χ^(2)=157.078,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main cause of *** incidence of myocardial damage was higher and statistically significant in severe MPP cases than in mild MPP cases.

关键词： Community-acquired pneumonia Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mild mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Myocardial damage

Evidence-based Nomenclature and Taxonomy of Research Impact Indicators

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第3期5卷 33-56页

作者： Mudassar Arsalan omar Mubin Abdullah Al Mahmud School of Computer Data and Mathematical SciencesWestern Sydney UniversityAustralia Centre for Design Innovation Swinburne University of TechnologyAustralia

Purpose: This study aims to classify research impact indicators based on their characteristics and scope. A concept of evidence-based nomenclature of research impact(RI) indicator has been introduced for generalization and transformation of scope. Design/methodology/approch: Literature was collected related to the research impact assessment. It was categorized in conceptual and applied case studies. One hundred and nineteen indicators were selected to prepare classification and nomenclature. The nomenclature was developed based on the principle—"every indicator is a contextual-function to explain the impact". Every indicator was disintegrated into three parts, i.e. Function, Domain, and Target ***: The main functions of research impact indicators express improvement(63%), recognition(23%), and creation/development(14%). The focus of research impact indicators in literature is more towards the academic domain(59%) whereas the environment/sustainability domain is least considered(4%). As a result, research impact related to the research aspects is felt the most(29%). Other target areas include system and services, methods and procedures, networking, planning, policy development, economic aspects and commercialisation, etc. Research limitations: This research applied to 119 research impact indicators. However, the inclusion of additional indicators may change the result. Practical implications: The plausible effect of nomenclature is a better organization of indicators with appropriate tags of functions, domains, and target areas. This approach also provides a framework of indicator generalization and transformation. Therefore, similar indicators can be applied in other fields and target areas with modifications. Originality/value: The development of nomenclature for research impact indicators is a novel approach in scientometrics. It is developed on the same line as presented in other scientific disciplines, where fundamental objects need to classify on com

关键词： Research impact Nomenclature of indicators Scientometrics Classification of indicators

Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第7期8卷 1188-1202页

作者： omar Vergara-Fernandez Mario Trejo-Avila Noel Salgado-Nesme Department of Colorectal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición“Salvador Zubirán”Mexico 14080Mexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer globally and the second cancer in terms of *** prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CRC ranges between 12%-60%.Sarcopenia comes from the Greek“sarx”for flesh,and“penia”for *** is considered a phenomenon of the aging process and precedes the onset of frailty(primary sarcopenia),but sarcopenia may also result from pathogenic mechanisms and that disorder is termed secondary *** diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of low muscle quantity or *** parameters need to be measured:muscle strength,muscle quantity and physical *** standard method to evaluate muscle mass is by analyzing the tomographic total cross-sectional area of all muscle groups at the level of lumbar 3rd *** may negatively impact on the postoperative outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgical *** has been described an association between sarcopenia and numerous poor short-term CRC outcomes like increased perioperative mortality,postoperative sepsis,prolonged length of stay,increased cost of care and physical *** may also negatively impact on overall survival,disease-free survival,recurrence-free survival,and cancerspecific survival in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal ***,patients with sarcopenia seem prone to toxic effects during chemotherapy,requiring dose deescalations or treatment delays,which seems to reduce treatment efficacy.A multimodal approach including nutritional support(dietary intake,high energy,high protein,and omega-3 fatty acids),exercise programs and anabolic-orexigenic agents(ghrelin,anamorelin),could contribute to muscle mass *** of sarcopenia screening to the established clinical-pathological scores for patients undergoing oncological treatment(chemotherapy,radiotherapy or surgery)seems to be the next step for the best of care of CRC pati

关键词： Colorectal cancer Sarcopenia Nutrition Muscle mass loss Oncologic outcomes Survival

Planting design for urban parks： Space syntax as a landscape design assessment tool

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2015年第1期4卷 35-45页

作者： Ayman Hassaan Mahmoud Reham H. omar Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza 12211 Egypt The Canadian International College Egypt

Trees are a major factor in defining the spatial qualities of outdoor spaces. This study investigates the influence of spatial configuration produced by the proposed tree planting design on the visual fields of an urban park using space syntax theory. Space syntax theory assumes that an urban area can be represented as a matrix of connected spaces. The quantitative properties of this matrix in the form of syntactic measures can be measured using computer simulations. This research investigates how space syntax techniques can help assess the effect of tree configurations on the social structure of a small-scale garden in an urban park. Such techniques are assumed useful in predicting the social structure of the proposed space and in assessing design alternatives. An experimental study using three different planting design proposals for an urban park is conducted. Data are analyzed using space syntax techniques. Results reveal a significant effect of planting configurations on syntactic measures across the three proposals. This study suggests that space syntax techniques may have a significant value in the assessment of schematic planting design, especially at the pedestrian movement level.

关键词： Landscape desisn Space syntax Plantins Urban parks Cairo

Optimization of fused deposition modeling process parameters:a review of current research and future prospects

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Advances in Manufacturing 2015年第1期3卷 42-53页

作者： omar A.Mohamed Syed H.Masood Jahar L.Bhowmik Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering Faculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornMelbourneAustralia Department of Psychological Sciences and Statistics Faculty of HealthArts and DesignSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornMelbourneAustralia

Fused deposition modeling （FDM） is one of the most popuIar additive manufacturing technologies for various engineering applications. FDM process has been introduced commercially in early 1990s by Stratasys Inc., USA. The quality of FDM processed parts mainly depends on careful selection of process variables. Thus, identifica- tion of the FDM process parameters that significantly affect the quality of FDM processed parts is important. In recent years, researchers have explored a number of ways to improve the mechanical properties and part quality using various experimental design techniques and concepts. This article aims to review the research carried out so far in determining and optimizing the process parameters of the FDM process. Several statistical designs of experiments and optimization techniques used for the determination of optimum process parameters have been examined. The trends for future FDM research in this area are described.

关键词： Fused deposition modeling (FDM) -Experimental design. Additive manufacturing. Processparameters. Mechanical properties.Part quality

Functional Nonparametric Predictions in Food Industry Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measurement

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6307-6319页

作者： Ibrahim M.Almanjahie omar Fetitah Mohammed Kadi Attouch Tawfik Benchikh Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Statistical Research and Studies Support Unit King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Laboratory of Statistics and Stochastic Processes University of Djillali Liabes BP 89 Sidi Bel Abbes22000Algeria Medical Faculty Djillali Liabes University BP 89Sidi Bel Abbes22000Algeria

Functional statistics is a new technique for dealing with data thatcan be viewed as curves or images. Parallel to this approach, the Near-InfraredReflectance (NIR) spectroscopymethodology has been used in modern chemistryas a rapid, low-cost, and exact means of assessing an object’s chemicalproperties. In this research, we investigate the quality of corn and cookiedough by analyzing the spectroscopic technique using certain cutting-edgestatistical models. By analyzing spectral data and applying functional modelsto it, we could predict the chemical components of corn and cookie *** Functional Classical Estimation (KFCE), Kernel Functional QuantileEstimation (KFQE), Kernel Functional Expectile Estimation (KFEE),Semi-Partial Linear Functional Classical Estimation (SPLFCE), Semi-PartialLinear Functional Quantile Estimation (SPLFQE), and Semi-Partial LinearFunctional Expectile Estimation (SPLFEE) are models used to accuratelyestimate the different quantities present in Corn and Cookie dough. Theselection of these functional models is based on their ability to constructa forecast region with a high level of confidence. We demonstrate that theconsidered models outperform traditional models such as the partial leastsquaresregression and the principal component regression in terms of predictionaccuracy. Furthermore, we show that the proposed models are morerobust than competing models such as SPLFQE and SPLFEE in the sensethat data heterogeneity has no effect on their efficiency.

关键词： Functional statistics NIR chemical component kernel estimation

Homocystiene and C-Reactive Protein in Detection of Frailty

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Advances in Aging Research 2014年第2期3卷 102-108页

作者： Moatassem S. Amer tamer M. Farid Ekrami E. Abd El-Rahman Deena M. EL-Maleh omar H. omar Randa A. Mabrouk Clinical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Geriatrics and Gerontology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Radiodiagnosis Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background and Aim of the Work: Frailty is a state of reduced physiological reserve and is associated with increased susceptibility to disability. It is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this work is to assess the association between the levels of homocystiene and C-reactive protein and frailty and to examine the ability of homocystiene as a new marker to detect frailty. Subjects and Methods: A total number of 104 elderly subjects (above 60 years old) were included in this study and they were subjected to history, examination, comprehensive geriatric assessment, and laboratory investigations including: C-reactive protein (CRP) and Homocystiene (Hcy). The patients were divided into frail and non-frail groups using Fried’s criteria as applied by Avila-Funes et al., 2008 and each group included 52 patients. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards age gender or smoking habits. But there were higher levels of CRP (>10 mg/dl) and homocystiene (>12 mmol/l) among frail cases and by comparing both homocystiene was more sensitive in detection of frailty. Conclusion: Frailty was associated with eleveted homocystiene and CRP and homocystiene is more specific than CRP in detection of frailty.

关键词： Frailty CRP Homocystiene