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Whence Z-pinches?A personal view

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第2期5卷 53-61页

作者： n.R.pereira Ecopulse Inc.SpringfieldVirginia 22152USA

The first Dense Z-Pinch(DZP)conference,in 1984,marked an attempt to use then-modern pulsed power with a Z-pinch to work toward thermonuclear fusion *** 11thDZP conference inChina is a good time to look back,tocomment on progress since,and to project *** follows is a personal perspective:scattered comments froma sympathetic outsider and one-time *** these 35 years,Z-pinch theory has evolved from little more than cartoons to fully 3D MHD computer simulations,measurements have gone from mostly time-and spatially integrated diagnostics tomonochromatic imaging,highly resolved x-ray spectroscopy,and active laser *** pulsed power generators now drive x-ray-producing Z-pinches that are powerful enough for many applications;thermonuclear fusion may work single-shot in the future.

关键词： scattered outside spatially

Highly electroactive n–Fe hydrothermal carbons and carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第11期29卷 260-270页

作者： R.G.Morais n.Rey-Raap J.L.Figueiredo M.F.R.pereira Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM Departamento de Engenharia QuimicaFaculdade de EngenhariaUniversidade do PortoR.Dr.Roberto Frias s/n4200-465PortoPortugal

Glucose-derived carbons were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of glucose followed by carbonization or activation to obtain carbon materials with different microporosities. These microporous carbons and carbon nanotubes(CnTs) were functionalized with melamine and/or iron(Ⅱ) phthalocyanine(FePc)following three different methodologies:(i) Functionalization with melamine via thermal treatment,(ii)incorporation of the lowest amount of FePc reported in the literature via incipient wetness impregnation followed by thermal treatment and(iii) functionalization with melamine followed by Fe Pc *** chemical and textural characterization of the prepared materials and their electrochemical assessment allowed to understand the role of microporosity in the incorporation of FePc and its effect on the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). It was observed that FePc was preferentially incorporated inside the porous structure, especially in samples with more developed microporosity. However, functionalization with melamine modified the textural properties and the surface chemistry, favoring the incorporation of FePc on the surface. Regarding the electrochemical performance, the presence of FePc greatly enhanced the electroactivity of the microporous catalysts. An onset potential of 0.88 V and a four-electron pathway were obtained for glucose-derived carbons, whereas the limiting current densities and kinetic current densities rose by 126% and 222%, respectively, in comparison to the base sample. notwithstanding, the highest electrochemical activity was observed for the sample prepared with CnTs, due to the synergy between the active metal centers and their highly graphitic carbon structure. The electrochemical parameters of CnTFeP csurpass the commercial Pt/C. The half-wave potential is 40 mV higher, the limiting current density increases by 17%, and a negligible production of by-products(< 1%) was observed.

关键词： Iron(Ⅱ)phthalocyanine Hydrothermal carbons Carbon nanotubes Oxygen reduction reaction Electrocatalysis

Identification of phloem-associated translatome alterations during leaf development in Prunus domestica L.

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1560-1570页

作者： tamara D.Collum Elizabeth Lutton C.Douglas Raines Christopher Dardick James n.Culver Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research College ParkMDUSA USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research LaboratoryKearneysvilleWVUSA Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

Phloem plays a fundamental role in plants by transporting hormones,nutrients,proteins,RnAs,and carbohydrates essential for plant growth and ***,the identity of the underlying phloem genes and pathways remain enigmatic especially in agriculturally important perennial crops,in part,due to the technical difficulty of phloem ***,we used two phloem-specific promoters and a translating ribosome affinity purification(TRAP)strategy to characterize the phloem translatome during leaf development at 2,4,and 6 weeks post vernalization in plum(Prunus domestica L.).Results provide insight into the changing phloem processes that occur during leaf *** processes included the early activation of DnA replication genes that are likely involved in phloem cell division during leaf expansion,as well as the upregulation of phloem genes associated with sink to source conversion,induction of defense processes,and signaling for *** these results reveal the dynamics of phloem gene expression during leaf development and establish the TRAP system as a powerful tool for studying phloem-specific functions and responses in trees.

关键词： alterations crops likely

Molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection of environmental enrichment in Parkinson’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1450-1456页

作者： tamara Andrea Alarcón Sarah Martins Presti-Silva Ana Paula Toniato Simões Fabiola Mara Ribeiro Rita Gomes Wanderley Pires Department of Physiological Sciences Health Science CenterUniversidade Federal do Espirito SantoVitoriaBrazil Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral neurobiology Health Science CenterUniversidade Federal do Espirito SantoVitoriaBrazil Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Institute o Biological SciencesUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antônio CarlosBelo HorizonteBrazil

Parkinson’s disease is the most common movement disorder,affecting about 1%of the population over the age of 60 ***’s disease is characterized clinically by resting tremor,bradykinesia,rigidity and postural instability,as a result of the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic *** addition to this neuronal cell loss,Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular protein aggregates,Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites,composed primarily of the proteinα-*** it was first described almost 200 years ago,there are no disease-modifying drugs to treat patients with Parkinson’s *** addition to conventional therapies,non-pharmacological treatment strategies are under investigation in patients and animal models of neurodegenerative *** such strategies,environmental enrichment,comprising physical exercise,cognitive stimulus,and social interactions,has been assessed in preclinical models of Parkinson’s *** enrichment can cause structural and functional changes in the brain and promote neurogenesis and dendritic growth by modifying gene expression,enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors and modulating *** this review article,we focus on the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying environmental enrichment neuroprotection in Parkinson’s disease,highlighting its influence on the dopaminergic,cholinergic,glutamatergic and GABAergic systems,as well as the involvement of neurotrophic *** describe experimental pre-clinical data showing how environmental enrichment can act as a modulator in a neurochemical and behavioral context in different animal models of Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the potential of environmental enrichment as an additional strategy in the management and prevention of this complex disease.

关键词： acetylcholine brain-derived neurotrophic factor dopamine environment enrichment gamma-aminobutyric acid glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor glutamate molecular mechanisms Parkinson’s disease

Genetic diversity,population structure,and relationships in a collection of pepper(Capsicum spp.)landraces from the Spanish centre of diversity revealed by genotypingby-sequencing(GBS)

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1030-1042页

作者： Leandro pereira-Dias Santiago Vilanova Ana Fita Jaime Prohens Adrián Rodríguez-Burruezo Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana Universitat Politècnica de València46022 ValenciaSpain

Pepper(Capsicum spp.)is one of the most important vegetable crops;however,pepper genomic studies lag behind those of other important *** we present the results of a high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)study of a collection of 190 Capsicum ***,including 183 of five cultivated species(***,***,***,***,and ***)and seven of the wild form *** *** generated 6,766,231 high-quality read tags,of which 40.7%were successfully aligned to the reference *** calling yielded 4083 highly informative segregating *** diversity and relationships of a subset of 148 accessions,of which a complete passport information was available,was studied using principal components analysis(PCA),discriminant analysis of principal components(DAPC),and phylogeny ***,***,and *** were successfully separated by all *** population was divided into seven clusters by DAPC,where *** accessions were clustered together with *** *** accessions were spread into two distinct genetic pools,while European accessions were admixed and closely *** of accessions was mainly associated to differences in fruit characteristics and *** studies showed a close relation between Spanish and Mexican accessions,supporting the hypothesis that the first arose from a main genetic flow from the ***’s D statistic values were consistent with positive selection in the *** clusters,possibly related to domestication or selection towards traits of *** work provides comprehensive and relevant information on the origin and relationships of Spanish landraces and for future association mapping studies in pepper.

关键词： crops pepper GBS

Assessing tree crown fire damage integrating linear spectral mixture analysis and supervised machine learning on Sentinel-2 imagery

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 3162-3198页

作者： Giandomenico De Luca Giuseppe Modica Joao M.n.Silva Salvatore Praticò JoséM.C.pereira Dipartimento di Agrari1 Universitàdegli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabri1Reggio Calabri1Italy Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie Universitàdegli Studi di Messin1Messin1Italy Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal

Crown fire damage is a mixture of three principal fire-related components:charred material,scorched foliage,and unaltered green *** study estimated the abundance of these physical alterations in two immediate post-fire Mediterranean forest contexts(Portugal and Italy)by applying linear spectral mixture analysis(LSMA)on Sentinel-2 *** tree crowns fire damage was subsequently mapped,integrating fractional abundance information in a random forest(RF)algorithm,comparing the accuracy resulting from the adoption of generic or image spectral libraries as the primary investigative *** image-derived endmembers resulted in more effectiveness in terms of fire-related components abundance quantification(LMSAderived RMSEneric endmembers or image endmembers derived information was *** environmental heterogeneity of the two study areas affected the fire severity gradients,with a prevalence of the charred(PT)(45–46%)and green class(IT)(44–53%).Post-fire temporal monitoring was initialized by applying the proposed strategies,and the preliminary results showed a positive recovery trend in forest vegetation from the first year following the fire event,with a reduced charcoal predominance and an increasing proportion of green components.

关键词： Post-fire assessment fire severity post-fire vegetation recovery random forest(RF) scikit-learn fraction image extraction spectral unmixing endmembers crown fire damage mapping fully constrained least squares pixel purity index

Ready to migrate?Reading cellular signs of migration in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition model

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BIOCELL 2022年第11期46卷 2353-2356页

作者： tamara FERnÁnDEZ-CALERO IGnACIO LÓPEZ MARCOS DAVYT CORA CHALAR RICARDO EHRLICH MÓnICA MARÍn Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo11400Uruguay Bioinformatics Unit Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideo11400Uruguay Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y naturales Universidad Católica del UruguayMontevideo11600Uruguay Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo11400Uruguay

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition(EMT)is a cellular program that drives de-differentiation of cells in both physiological and pathological *** of the characteristics of cells describing an EMT is the(re)acquisition of a motility capacity that allows them to migrate through the original tissue as well as to other sites in the *** molecular mechanisms that control the EMT are rapidly emerging and here we add to the idea that the adaptation required for cells to commit to the EMT includes adjustments of the translation machinery and metabolic pathways to cope with a high demand of extracellular components.

关键词： EMT Migration Translation machinery Metabolism

Renal artery denervation suppresses intractable ventricular arrhythmia in patients with left heart thrombosis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第9期14卷 587-589页

作者： Marianna A Vander Petr A Fedotov tamara A Lyubimtseva Maria A Bortsova Maria Yu Simikova Dmitry S Lebedev Evgeny n Mikhaylov neuromodulation Unit Almazov National Medical Research Centre Saint-Petersburg Russia Arrhythmia Department Almazov National Medical Research Centre Saint-Petersburg Russia Heart Failure Department Almazov National Medical Research Centre Saint-Petersburg Russia

Transcutaneous renal artery denervation （RnD） has beeninitially developed for destruction of efferent nerve fireswith luminal delivery of radiofrequency or ultrasonic energyaiming blood pressure reduction in patients with refractoryhypertension. However, other positive results of RnDwere described afterwards, and they include suppression ofatrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia （VT） storm.

关键词： Renal nerve denervation Sympathetic nerve activity Ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Long-term forest management after wildfire(Catalonia,nE Iberian Peninsula)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 269-278页

作者： Marcos Francos Xavier Ubeda Paulo pereira GRAM(Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrania) Department of GeographyUniversity of BarcelonaMontalegre608001 BarcelonaSpain Environmental Management Centre Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania

Studies of post-fire soil status in Mediterranean ecosystems are common;however,few have examined the effects of long-term forest management after a wildfire on physicochemical soil ***,we analyzed differences in soil properties attributable to long-term postfire management and assessed the sustainability of these management practices in relation to the soil *** study area is located in Odena in the northeast region of the Iberian Peninsula consisted of the control forest(burned more than 30 years ago),low density forest(LD;burned in a wildfire in 1986 and managed in 2005)and high density forest(HD;burned in a wildfire in 1986 and no managed).For soils from each plot,we measured soil water repellency,aggregate stability,total nitrogen(Tn),soil organic matter(SOM),inorganic carbon(IC),pH,electrical conductivity,extractable calcium,magnesium,sodium,potassium(K),phosphorus,aluminum(Al),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),zinc,copper,boron,chrome,silicon and sulfur and calculated the ratios of C/n,Ca+Mg/(na+K)^1/2,Ca/Al and Ca/*** differences were found in Tn,IC,SOM,pH,K,Al,Mn,Fe and C/n ratio(pnd to have largely recovered their pre-fire *** were affected by the post-fire management practices implemented 20 years after the fire,as reflected in their respective physicochemical properties,so that soil properties at the control and LD sites are more similar today than those at the control and HD ***,sustainable forest management can overcome soil degradation in areas affected by wildfire in the medium-and long-term by improving soil properties.

关键词： Soil chemical properties Aggregate stability Post-fire management Wildfire risk Vegetal density