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If this is true, what does it imply? How end-user antibody validation facilitates insights into biology and disease

Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第1期6卷 10-25页

作者： Karen S.Sfanos Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian William G.Nelson tamara l.lotan Ibrahim Kulac Jessica l.Hicks Qizhi Zheng Charles J.Bieberich Michael C.Haffner Angelo M.De Marzo Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Oncology The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Pathology Koc Universitesi Tip FakultesiIstanbulTurkey Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA

Antibodies are employed ubiquitously in biomedical sciences,including for diagnostics and *** of the most important uses is for immunohistochemical(IHC)staining,a process that has been improving and evolving over *** is useful when properly employed,yet misuse of the method is widespread and contributes to the“reproducibility crisis”in *** report some of the common problems encountered with IHC assays,and direct readers to a wealth of literature documenting and providing some solutions to this *** also describe a series of vignettes that include our approach to analytical validation of antibodies and IHC assays that have facilitated a number of biological insights into prostate cancer and the refutation of a controversial association of a viral etiology in *** postulate that a great deal of the problem with lack of accuracy in IHC assays stems from the lack of awareness by researchers for the critical necessity for end-users to validate IHC antibodies and assays in their laboratories,regardless of manufacturer claims or past *** suggest that one reason for the pervasive lack of end-user validation for research antibodies is that researchers fail to realize that there are two general classes of antibodies employed in ***,there are antibodies that are“clinical grade”reagents used by pathologists to help render diagnoses that influence patient *** diagnostic antibodies,which tend to be highly validated prior to clinical implementation,are in the vast minority(e.g.lass of antibodies are“research grade”antibodies(now numbering>3800000),which are often not extensively validated prior to *** increased awareness of the problem,both the United States,National Institutes of Health and some journals are requiring investigators to provide evidence of specificity of their antibody-based assays.

关键词： Prostate cancer Antibodies Immunohistochemistry

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21世纪10年代的拉美电影发行概况

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电影评论 2024年第1期 98-116页

作者：塔玛拉·l.法利科夫武亮宇(译) 美国密苏里大学堪萨斯城分校人文与社会科学学院北京师范大学艺术与传媒学院

本文阐述了拉美地区电影发行的运作方式,剖析了本土发行公司在以好莱坞发行商为代表的外国公司的竞争中的运营及生存方式。在推动本土电影的市场流通方面,以哥伦比亚发行公司Cineplex为代表的小型独立发行商做出了突出贡献。作为独立电... 详细信息

本文阐述了拉美地区电影发行的运作方式,剖析了本土发行公司在以好莱坞发行商为代表的外国公司的竞争中的运营及生存方式。在推动本土电影的市场流通方面,以哥伦比亚发行公司Cineplex为代表的小型独立发行商做出了突出贡献。作为独立电影发行的另一个重要平台,电影节环路已成为小型、低预算、独立或艺术电影在全球市场上获得发行机会的核心路径。此外,新技术和新发行平台为拉美电影进一步开拓市场提供了新的可能性。

关键词：拉美电影电影产业电影发行电影节

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Ready to migrate?Reading cellular signs of migration in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition model

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BIOCEll 2022年第11期46卷 2353-2356页

作者： tamara FERNÁNDEZ-CAlERO IGNACIO lÓPEZ MARCOS DAVYT CORA CHAlAR RICARDO EHRlICH MÓNICA MARÍN Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo11400Uruguay Bioinformatics Unit Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideo11400Uruguay Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Católica del UruguayMontevideo11600Uruguay Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo11400Uruguay

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition(EMT)is a cellular program that drives de-differentiation of cells in both physiological and pathological *** of the characteristics of cells describing an EMT is the(re)acquisition of a motility capacity that allows them to migrate through the original tissue as well as to other sites in the *** molecular mechanisms that control the EMT are rapidly emerging and here we add to the idea that the adaptation required for cells to commit to the EMT includes adjustments of the translation machinery and metabolic pathways to cope with a high demand of extracellular components.

关键词： EMT Migration Translation machinery Metabolism

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Repeated penile girth enhancement with biodegradable scaffolds： microscopic ultrastructural analysis and surgical benefits

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第5期20卷 488-492页

作者： Miroslav l Djordjevic Uros Bumbasirevic Borko Stojanovic tamara Kravic Stevovic tamara Martinovic Marta Bizic Vladimir Kojovic School of Medicine University of Belgrade Belgrade 11000 Serbia University Children's Hospital Belgrade 11000 Serbia Institute for Urology Clinical Center ofSerbia Belgrade 11000 Serbia

Autologous tissue engineering using biodegradable scaffolds as a carrier is a well-known procedure for penile girth enhancement. We evaluated a group of previously treated patients with the aim to analyze histomorphometric changes after tissue remodeling and to estimate the benefits of repeated procedure. Between February 2012 and December 2016, a group of 21 patients, aged 22-37 （mean 28.0） years, underwent a repeated penile girth enhancement procedure with biodegradable scaffolds. Procedure included insertion of two poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid scaffolds seeded with laboratory-prepared fibroblasts from scrotal tissue specimens. During this procedure, biopsy specimens of tissue formed after the first surgery were taken for microscopic analysis. The mean follow-up was 38 months. Connective tissue with an abundance of connective tissue fibers, small blood vessels, and inflammatory cells were observed in all analyzed surgically removed tissue. Ultrastructural analysis of these tissue samples discovered the presence of large quantities of collagen fibrils running parallel to each other, forming bundles, with a few widely spread fibroblasts. In total, the mean values of flaccid and erect gain in girth after the second surgery were 1.1 ± 0.4 （range： 0.6- 1.7） cm and 1.0±0.3 （range： 0.6-1.5） cm, respectively. Microscopic evaluation of newly formed tissue, induced by autologous tissue engineering using biodegradable scaffolds, showed the presence of vascularized loose connective tissue with an abundance of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells, indicating active neovascularization and fibrinogenesis. The benefit of the repeated enhancement procedure was statistically significant.

关键词： biodegradable scaffolds microscopy penile enhancement tissue engineering

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Sustainability of microporous polymers and their applications

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第8期60卷 1033-1055页

作者： tamara l.Church Alma Berenice Jasso-Salcedo Fredrik Bjrnerbck Niklas Hedin Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University

Microporous polymers(MPs) are studied for their intriguing chemistry and physics as well as their potential application in catalytic transformations, gas-separation processes, water purification and so on. Here, we critically review MPs with respect to the sustainability aspects of their synthesis as well as their applications that have sustainable character. Some MPs have been synthesized from monomers derived from biomass resources, but there is certainly a large potential for further *** are also opportunities to improve the sustainability of MP synthesis in terms of the use of solvents, catalysts, and related aspects. The applications of MPs in processes related to sustainability depend upon multiple properties. A rich and flexible chemistry is important to applications as catalysts for, among other useful reactions, the photoreduction of CO_2 and selective oxidation. The(ultra)micropore volume of MPs are crucial in gas-separation applications such as CO_2 capture, and the chemisorption of CO_2 on MP-tethered alkylamines could offer a means to remove that gas from dilute mixtures. When it comes to the storage of H_2 and CH_4 in MPs for onboard use in fuel cell or biogas cars, volumetric capacity is paramount, meaning that the density of the MPs must be considered. Finally, for use in separation and purifications from liquid mixtures(aqueous or hydrocarbon-based), crosslinked MPs are more limited than the solution-processable MPs that can be more easily processed into films and membranes.

关键词： microporous polymers biomass sustainability CO2 capture catalysis H2 storage CH4 storage separation purification

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Improved speciation of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters: amide hydrolysis with fluorescence derivatization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1273-1280页

作者： Ryan l.Fimmen tamara D.Trouts Daniel D.Richter Jr. Dharni Vasudevan School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA.Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA. Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA.Department of Chemistry Bowdoin CollegeBrunswick ME 04011 USA

The objective of this study was to improve primary-amine nitrogen (1°-N) quantification in dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from natural waters where inorganic forms of N, which may cause analytical interference, are commonly encountered. Efforts were targeted at elucidating organic-N structural criteria influencing the response of organic amines to known colorimetric and fluorescent reagents and exploring the use of divalent metal-assisted amide hydrolysis in combination with fluorescence analyse...

关键词： dissolved organic matter/nitrogen (DOM/DON) o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescamine ninhydrin amino acids amide hydrolysis peptides

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Revealing climatic impacts on the temporal and spatial variation in vegetation activity across China:Sensitivity and contribution

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第3期12卷 409-420页

作者： JIAO Ke-Wei GAO Jiang-Bo lIU Zhi-Hua WU Shao-Hong tamara l.FlETCHER Key laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Key laboratory of land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Relative weakness in sensitivity and contribution integration,especially lack of specific indicators at spatial and temporal scales,may hinder the formation of systematic knowledge for climate change impact on vegetation *** the interannual variability and periods difference,we investigated the ecosystem sensitivity to hydrothermal conditions and the contribution of individual climatic factors to vegetation activity on spatiotemporal scales during the period of 1980s—2013 in *** ran simulations of the Common land Model(ColM)to obtain the photosynthetic rate,and used the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),to which we applied a temporal sensitivity analysis,the slope change ratio of accumulative quantity(SCRAQ),and geographical *** show that the discrepancy between warming and precipitation variation contributed to vegetation activity was more notable than the ecosystem sensitivity to hydrothermal conditions,regardless of which temporal and spatial scale was *** sensitivity of vegetation activity to hydrothermal variation in most parts of northeastern and western China was higher than elsewhere,and the contribution of warming to vegetation dynamics was relatively high in the Inner Mongolian Plateau and Tibetan Plateau(>60%),where the contribution of warming to the vegetation distribution was also greater than elsewhere in ***,the contribution of precipitation variation to vegetation dynamics was comparatively greater in northwestern China and subtropical and tropical regions(>55%).The spatiotemporal contribution of precipitation variation to vegetation activity differed between regions,especially on the Tibetan Plateau and in subtropical and tropical ***,both the temporal and spatial sensitivities to climate change were weak in the subtropical and tropical regions,where the contribution of climatic factors to vegetation distribution was also ***,temperature sensit

关键词： Vegetation activity Climate change Sensitivity Contribution Spatial-temporal scales China

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Ad libitum water consumption prevents exercise-associated hyponatremia and protects against dehydration in soldiers performing a 40-km route-march

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Military Medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 201-207页

作者： Heinrich WNolte Kim Nolte tamara Hew-Butler Movement Physiology Research laboratory School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Division Biokinetics and Sport Science Department of PhysiologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Division of Kinesiology Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA.

Background: It remains unclear if ad libitum water drinking, as a hydration strategy, prevents exercise-associated hyponatremia(EAH) during prolonged exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EAH within the broader context of fluid regulation among soldiers performing a 40-km route-march ingesting water ad ***: Twenty-eight healthy male soldiers participated in this observational trial. Pre-and post-exercise body mass, blood and urine samples were collected. Blood samples were assessed for serum sodium([Na+]), glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen(BUN), plasma osmolality, creatine kinase(CK), and plasma arginine vasopressin(AVP) concentrations. Plasma volume(PV) was calculated using hematocrit and hemoglobin. Urine samples were analyzed for osmolality and (Na+)Water intake was assessed by weighing bottles before, during and after the march. The mean relative humidity was 55.7%(21.9–94.3%) and the mean dry bulb temperature was 27.1°C(19.5°C-37.0°C) during the ***: Twenty-five soldiers(72±10 kg)(Mean±SD) completed the march in 09:11±00:43(hr:min). Participants consumed 736±259 ml/h of water and lost 2.8±0.9 kg(4.0%±1.4%, Pl/l vs. 136 mmol/l), plasma osmolality(303 m Osmol/kg H2O vs. 298 m Osmol/kg H2O), and serum creatinine(111 μmol/l vs. 101 μmol/l) and urine [Na+](168 mmol/l vs. 142 mmol/l), as well as significant increases in plasma AVP(2 pg/ml vs. 11 pg/ml), plasma CK(1423 U/l vs. 3894 U/l) and urine osmolality(1035 m Osmol/kg H2O vs. 1097 m Osmol/kg H2O) were found. The soldier(72 kg) with the lowest postexercise sodium level completed the march in 08:38. He drank 800 ml/h, lost 2% body mass, and demonstrated(prepost) increases in plasma osmolality(294–314 m Osmol/kg H2O), BUN(20–30 mg/dl), AVP(2–16 pg/ml) and PV(41%). His urine osmolality decreased from 1114 m Osmol/kg H2O to 1110 m Osmol/kg H2O. No participants finished

关键词： Serum sodium concentration Exercise-associated hyponatremia Arginine vasopressin Fluid balance Electrolyte balance Military

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Retina stem cells,hopes and obstacles

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第10期13卷 1446-1479页

作者： Olga l German Harmonie Vallese-Maurizi tamara B Soto Nora P Rotstein luis Enrique Politi Department of Biology Biochemistry and PharmacyUniversidad Nacional del SurBahia blanca 8000Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Biology Biochemistry and PharmacyUniversidad Nacional del Surand Neurobiology DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca(INIBIBB)ConicetBahía Blanca 8000Buenos AiresArgentina

Retinal degeneration is a major contributor to visual dysfunction *** it comprises several eye diseases,loss of retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)and photoreceptor cells are the major contributors to their *** therapies included diverse treatments,such as provision of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and many survival and trophic factors that,in some cases,slow down the progression of the degeneration,but do not effectively prevent *** finding of stem cells(SC)in the eye has led to the proposal of cell replacement strategies for retina *** using different types of SC,such as retinal progenitor cells(RPCs),embryonic SC,pluripotent SCs(PSCs),induced PSCs(iPSCs),and mesenchymal stromal cells,capable of self-renewal and of differentiating into multiple cell types,have gained ample *** preclinical studies have assessed transplantation of SC in animal models,with encouraging *** aim of this work is to revise the different preclinical and clinical approaches,analyzing the SC type used,their efficacy,safety,cell attachment and integration,absence of tumor formation and immunorejection,in order to establish which were the most relevant and *** addition,we examine the questions and concerns still open in the *** data demonstrate the existence of two main approaches,aimed at replacing either RPE cells or *** evidence suggests that RPCs and iPSC are the best candidates,presenting no ethical concerns and a low risk of *** trials have already supported the safety and efficacy of SC *** concerns are pending,such as the risk of tumor formation,lack of attachment or integration of transplanted cells into host retinas,immunorejection,cell death,and also ***,the amazing progress in the field in the last few years makes it possible to envisage safe and effective treatments to restore vision loss in a near future.

关键词： Retina regeneration Stem cells Retina stem cell transplantation Cancer stem cells Photoreceptor replacement

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Biomass responses to intraspecific competition differ between wild species and CO_(2)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第1期1卷 25-32页

作者： Xianzhong Wang Angela R.Ngigi Daniel l.Smith tamara M.McPeek Department of Biology Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis723 WestMichigan StreetIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Biological Sciences Butler University4600 Sunset AvenueIndianapolisIN 46208USA

Aims How growth of wild and crop species responds to global environmental perturbations has both ecological and agricultural significance in a changing *** primary aim of this synthesis was to quantitatively assess the interactive effects of intraspecific competition and elevated CO_(2) on biomass production in herbaceous *** Using meta-analytical techniques,we synthesized data from publications before 2006 that reported biomass responses to elevated CO_(2) in 321 herbaceous species grown in isolation or in competition with con-specific *** findings Intraspecific competition differentially modified biomass responses to elevated CO_(2) in wild and crop *** example,competition reduced CO_(2) stimulation of total biomass(WT)from 27 to 23%in wild species,but by a much greater magnitude,i.e.,from 43 to 32%in *** had no effect on responses of either above-(WAG)or below-ground(WBG)biomass to elevated CO_(2) in wild species,but significantly diminished CO_(2) enhancement of WAG,although not of WBG,in *** variations were found among functional groups in the modification of growth responses to elevated CO_(2) by intraspecific competition,which exerted greater depression on CO_(2) enhancement in C3 than in C4 species and in non-legumes than in *** CO_(2) affected leaf and stem growth of individually grown C3 graminoids and forbs similarly,but increased leaf growth only in C4 graminoids and stem growth only in C4 *** from this synthesis demonstrated that intraspecific competition differentially affected growth responses to elevated CO_(2) in wild and crop *** wildcrop species differences will have important implications for understanding primary production by herbaceous species in both natural and agricultural ecosystems in the future when atmospheric CO_(2) is significantly higher than the current level.

关键词： biomass production CO_(2)enrichment functional groups meta-analysis

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