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Factors Predicting Late Rectal Disorders after Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第20期130卷 2441-2446页

作者： Toshiya Maebayashi Naoya Ishibashi takuya Aizawa Masakuni Sakaguchi Hideki Sato Katsuhiko Sato Tsuyoshi Matsui Kenya Yamaguchi Satoru Takahashi Department of Radiology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo 173-8610 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo 173-8610 Japan Department of Urology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo 173-8610 Japan

Background： Although various studies have been conducted on the effects of radiation therapy for prostate cancer, rectal toxicity after radiation therapy for prostate cancer, which is an important late adverse event associated with radiation therapy, has not been sufficiently examined. This study aimed to assess the associations of late rectal disorder （LRD） with dosimetric, anatomic, and clinical factors in patients with prostate cancer who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy （3D-CRT）. Methods： We retrospectively analyzed 104 patients undergoing 3D-CRT between January 2009 and October 2011. Thirty patients were administered anticoagulation/antiplatelet （AC/AP） agents. The standard dose was 74 Gy. Uni- and multi-va,iate analyses we,e performed to identify factors predictive of LRD after 3D-CRT. Results： The median follow-up period was 66 （range： 14 87） months. LRD occurred in 10.6% （11/104） of patients. The median time fi＇om RT to LRD was 15 months （range： 7MI months）. Sixty-four percent of those with LRD （7/11 patients） had been given AC/AP agents. Fitly-five （6/11 ） patients had severe internal iliac artery calcification. By univariate analysis, significant predictors of LRD were internal iliac artery calcification, administration of AC/AP agents, and age. Being very elderly was the significant predictor identified by multivariate analysis （P = 0.0276）. For patients receiving AC/AP agents and those with severe internal iliac artery calcification, the LRD incidences were 23.3% （7/30 patients） and 23.1% （6/26 patients）, respectively, and being 75 years of age or older was a significant predictor in these subsets. Conclusions： Our results suggest advanced age, administration of AC/AP agents, and severe internal iliac artery calcification to be risk factors tbr LRD in patients undergoing standard RT. Therefore, it is necessary to administer radiation with particular caution in the very elderly, especially those receiving AC/AP agents and/or with se

关键词： Anticoagulation/Antiplatelet Agents Late Rectal Disorder Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy Severe Internal lliac Artery Calcification

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A Molecular Dynamics Study on the Effects of Lattice Defects on the Phase Transformation from BCC to FCC Structures

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2019年第8期10卷 543-557页

作者： takuya Uehara Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan

Molecular dynamics simulations of the phase transformation from body- centered-cubic (bcc) to face-centered-cubic (fcc) structures were performed. A Morse-type function was applied, and the parameters were determined so that both fcc and bcc structures were stable for the perfectcrystal model. When the fcc structure was superior to the bcc structure, the bcc model transformed to fcc. Two mechanisms, based on the Bain and Nishiyama- Wasserman (NW) relationships, were considered. Then, point or linear lattice defects, i.e., randomly scattered or regularly aligned vacancies, were introduced. Consequently, bcc models tended to transform to an fcc structure, whereas fcc models remained stable. The transformation process was also investigated in detail. BCC-to-FCC transformation is often considered as a homogeneous process based on changes in the axis lengths, and such a process was observed for the perfectcrystal model. Conversely, for the defect models, local heterogeneous deformation patterns, including cylindrical domain and planar interface formation, were observed. These behaviors are considered to be related to plastic deformation during phase transformation, and the validity of the presented model for further investigation was confirmed.

关键词： Molecular Dynamics Phase Transformation Lattice Defect Plastic Deformation Transformation Plasticity

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Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin as an important prognostic indicator in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1370-1377页

作者： Kenichi Hakamada Norihisa Kimura takuya Miura Hajime Morohashi Keinosuke Ishido Masaki Nara Yoshikazu Toyoki Shunji Narumi Mutsuo Sasaki Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Hirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineJapan

AIM:To clarify the effect of a high des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) level on the invasiveness and prognosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Among 142 consecutive patients with known DCP levels, who underwent hepatectomy because of hepatocellular carcinoma, 85 patients met the criteria for small hepatocellular carcinoma, i.e. one ≤ 5 cm sized single tumor or no more than three ≤ 3 cm sized tumors. RESULTS: The overall survival rate of the 142 patients was 92.1% for 1 year, 69.6% for 3 years, and 56.9% for 5 years. Multivariate analysis showed that microscopic vascular invasion (P = 0.03) and serum DCP ≥ 400 mAU/mL (P = 0.02) were independent prognostic factors. In the group of patients who met the criteria for small hepatocellular carcinoma, DCP ≥ 400 mAU/mL was found to be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free (P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.0005). In patients who did not meet the criteria, the presence of vascular invasion was an independent factor for recurrence-free (P = 0.02) and overall survivals (P = 0.01). In 75% of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma and high DCP levels, recurrence occurred extrahepatically. CONCLUSION: For small hepatocellular carcinoma, a high preoperative DCP level appears indicative fortumor recurrence. Because many patients with a high preoperative DCP level develop extrahepatic recurrence, it is necessary to screen the whole body.

关键词： Small hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatic resection Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin Vascular invasion Prognostic factor

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Hybrid Rubisco with Complete Replacement of Rice Rubisco Small Subunits by Sorghum Counterparts Confers C4 Plant-like High Catalytic Activity

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Molecular Plant 2020年第11期13卷 1570-1581页

作者： Hiroyoshi Matsumura Keita Shiomi Akito Yamamoto Yuri Taketani Noriyuki Kobayashi takuya Yoshizawa Shun-ichi Tanaka Hiroki Yoshikawa Masaki Endo Hiroshi Fukayama Department of Biotechnology College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan University1-1-1 Noji-HigashiKusatsu 525-8577Japan Graduate School of Agricultural Science Kobe University1-1 Rokkodai-tyouNada-kuKobe 657-8501Japan Faculty of Agriculture Kobe University1-1 Rokkodai-tyouNada-kuKobe 657-8501Japan Division of Applied Genetics Institute of Agrobiological SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization1-2 OwashiTsukuba 305-8634Japan Department of Biomolecular Chemistry Kyoto Prefectural UniversityHangi-choShimogamoSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8522Japan

Photosynthetic rate at the present atmospheric condition is limited by the CO2-fixing enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(Rubisco)because of its extremely low catalytic rate(kcat)and poor affinity for C02(Kc)and specificity for CO2(Sc/O).Rubisco in C4 plants generally shows higher k cat than that in C3 *** consists of eight large subunits and eight small subunits(RbcS).Previously,the chimeric incorporation of sorghum C4-type RbcS significantly increased the k cat of Rubisco in a C3 plant,*** this study,we knocked out rice RbcS multigene family using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and completely replaced rice RbcS with sorghum RbcS in rice *** hybrid Rubisco showed almost C4 plant-like catalytic properties,i.e.,higher kcai,higher Kc,and lower Sc/*** lines expressing the hybrid Rubisco accumulated reduced levels of Rubisco,whereas they showed slightly but significantly higher photosynthetic capacity and similar biomass production under high C 02 condition compared with wild-type ***-resolution crystal structural analysis of the wild-type Rubisco and hybrid Rubisco revealed the structural differences around the central pore of Rubisco and the pC-pD hairpin in *** propose that such differences,particularly in the pC-pD hairpin,may impact the flexibility of Rubisco catalytic site and change its catalytic properties.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 C4 plant photosynthesis rice Rubisco

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Numerical Evaluation of the Surface Energy of Polyhedral Nanoparticles

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第12期11卷 837-850页

作者： takuya Uehara Junya Fujiwara Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan

Nanoparticles have been used widely in various fields, and their size and shape greatly affect the functional properties. Therefore, controlling the morphology of the particles is important, and evaluation of the surface energy is indispensable for that purpose. In this study, the surface energy of nanoparticles was evaluated by numerical simulation and formulated in a polynomial equation. First, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for variously shaped polyhedral nanoparticles. A cube and an octahedron were introduced as reference shapes, and truncated hexahedrons and truncated octahedrons were created by cutting out their vertices. The surface energy was plotted for various polyhedrons. The lowest energy was observed in an octahedron because of the stability of the (111) plane, and the highest energy was observed in a cube because of the relatively higher energy of the (100) plane. Then, the surface energy was formulated in a polynomial equation, in which the parameters obtained by the molecular-dynamics simulations were introduced. As a result, stability of the octahedron and relative instability of the cube were fairly captured by the proposed polynomial equation, while a slight underestimation was inevitable. Finally, the parameters were revised to continuous numbers to extend the application range. Consequently, an application for various materials, such as a cube having equivalent stability to an octahedron, was demonstrated by imposing rather exaggerated parameters.

关键词： Surface Energy Nanoparticle Fcc Crystal Interatomic Potential Molecular Dynamics Computer Simulation

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Attosecond Optical and Ramsey-Type Interferometry by Postgeneration Splitting of Harmonic Pulse

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Ultrafast Science 2022年第3期2卷 9-17页

作者： takuya Matsubara Yasuo Nabekawa Kenichi L.Ishikawa Kaoru Yamanouchi Katsumi Midorikawa Attosecond Science Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics2-1 HirosawaWako-shiSaitama 351-0198Japan Department of Chemistry School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Photon Science Center Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Research Institute for Photon Science and Laser Technology The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan

Attosecondattosecond science;extreme ultraviolet;high-order harmonic generation;Ramsey-type spectroscopy Optical and Ramsey-Type Interferometry by Postgeneration Splitting of Harmonic PulseTime domain Ramsey-type interferometry is useful for investigating spectroscopic information of quantum states in atoms and *** energy range of the quantum states to be observed with this scheme has now reached more than 20 eV by resolving the interference fringes with a period of a few hundred *** attosecond Ramsey-type interferometry requires the irradiation of a coherent pair of extreme ultraviolet(XUV)light pulses,while all the methods used to deliver the coherent XUV pulse pair until now have relied on the division of the source of an XUV pulse in two before the *** this paper,we report on a novel technique to perform attosecond Ramsey-type interferometry by splitting an XUV high-order harmonic(HH)pulse of a sub-20 fs laser pulse after its *** virtue of the postgeneration splitting of the HH pulse,we demonstrated that the optical interference emerging at the complete temporal overlap of the HH pulse pair seamlessly continued to the Ramsey-type electronic interference in a helium *** technique is applicable for studying the femtosecond dephasing dynamics of electronic wavepackets and exploring the ultrafast evolution of a cationic system entangled with an ionized electron with sub-20 fs resolution.

关键词： attosecond science extreme ultraviolet high-order harmonic generation Ramsey-type spectroscopy Optical and Ramsey-Type Interferometry by Postgeneration Splitting of Harmonic Pulse

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A Study on Detection Method of Falling Symptoms

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2020年第12期8卷 73-82页

作者： Jin Zhang takuya Tajima Fukuoka Institute of Technology Graduate School Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan

The purpose of this study is to prevent the occurrence of falls by defining the symptoms of falls and detecting them in advance. The focus of the study is on the specific definition of “Falling Symptoms”. In this regard, we conducted a questionnaire survey on people of different ages to obtain the state of themselves and their surroundings when they fell down. In addition, we used the elderly simulated experience kit to achieve the purpose of using young people to replace the elderly. Young people were asked to walk on different roads in different shoes with and without elderly simulated experience kit and photographed them with a high-speed camera to observe the changes of their muscles and joints. We also simulated the movement of center of gravity of the people with and without elderly simulated experience kit by a pressure distribution sensor mat.

关键词： Falling Symptoms Questionnaire High-Speed Camera Center of Gravity Elderly Simulated Experience Kit

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Molecular, Functional, and Structural Imaging of Major Depressive Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第3期32卷 273-285页

作者： Kai Zhang Yunqi Zhu Yuankai Zhu Shuang Wu Hao Liu Wei Zhang Caiyun Xu Hong Zhang takuya Hayashi Mei Tian Department of Nuclear Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009 China Zhejiang University Medical PET Center Hangzhou 310009China Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310009 China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310009 China Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009 China Functional Architecture Imaging Unit RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies Kobe 650-0047 Japan

Major depressive disorder（MDD） is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,correlating with genetic susceptibility and environmental risk ***,functional,and structural imaging approaches have been increasingly used to detect neurobiological changes,analyze neurochemical correlates,and parse pathophysiological mechanisms underlying *** reviewed recent neuroimaging publications on MDD in terms of molecular,functional,and structural alterations as detected mainly by magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） and positron emission *** structure and function of brain regions involved in the cognitive control of affective state have been *** abnormal default mode network,as revealed by resting-state functional MRI,is likely associated with aberrant metabolicand serotonergic function revealed by radionuclide *** multi-modal investigations are essential to clarify the characteristics of the cortical network and serotonergic system associated with behavioral and genetic variations in MDD.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Molecularimaging ositron emission tomography Magneticresonance imaging Functional connectivity Serotonin

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Intraoperative ultrasound as an educational guide for laparoscopic biliary surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2370-2376页

作者： Kenichi Hakamada Shunji Narumi Yoshikazu Toyoki Masaki Nara Motonari Oohashi takuya Miura Hiroyuki Jin Syuichi Yoshihara Michihiro Sugai Mutsuo Sasaki Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine5 Zaifu-choHirosaki 036-8562Japan

AIM: To analyze the efficacy of routine intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) as a guide for understanding biliary tract anatomy, to avoid bile duct injury (BDI) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), as well as any burden during the learning period. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using 644 consecutive patients who underwent LC from 1991 to 2006. An educational program with the use of IOUS as an operative guide has been used in 276 cases since 1998. RESULTS: IOUS was highly feasible even in patients with high-grade cholecystitis. No BDI was observed after the introduction of the educational program, despite 72% of operations being performed by inexperienced surgeons. Incidences of other morbidity, mortality, and late complications were comparable before and after the introduction of routine IOUS. However, the operation time was significantly extended after the educational program began (P < 0.001), and the grade of laparoscopic cholecystitis (P = 0.002), use of IOUS (P = 0.01), and the experience of the surgeons (P = 0.05) were significant factors for extending the length of operation. CONCLUSION: IOUS during LC was found to be a highly feasible modality, which provided accurate, real- time information about the biliary structures. Theeducational program using IOUS is expected to minimize the incidence of BDI following LC, especially when performed by less-skilled surgeons.

关键词： Intraoperative ultrasound Cholecystolithiasis Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Bile duct injury Education program

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Evaluation of the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in suppressing inflammation in mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第11期13卷 1666-1671页

作者： Ichiro Hirata Shingo Yasumoto Ken Toshina takuya Inoue Takashi Nishikawa Naoko Murano Mitsuyuki Murano Fang-Yu Wang Ken-ichi Katsu Department of Gastroenterology Fujita Health University Jaoan Second Department of Internal Medicine Osaka Medical College Japan Department of Gastroenterology Jinling Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China

AIM: To evaluate the effect of pyrrolidine dithio- carbamate (PDTC; an NF-κB inhibitor) administered at low (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) doses in suppressing colitis in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS: Mice were divided into a DSS-untreated group (normal group), DSS-treated control group, DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅠ(low-dose group), and DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅡ (high-dose group). In each group, the disease activity index score (DAI score), intestinal length, histological score, and the levels of activated NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in tissue were measured. RESULTS: The DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅡ exhibited suppression of shortening of intestinal length and reduction of DAI score. Activated NF-κB level and IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in DSS+PDTC- treated groupⅡ. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that PDTC is useful for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis DSS-induced colitis Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate NF-κB Mice

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