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Effect of 528 Hz Music on the Endocrine System and Autonomic Nervous System

Health 2018年第9期10卷 1159-1170页

作者： Kaho Akimoto Ailing Hu takuji yamaguchi Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

This study examined the stress-reducing effect on the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system of music with a frequency of 528 Hz, which has recently attracted attention as a “healing” type of music. Nine healthy participants (one man and eight women, aged 26 - 37 years) listened to 528 Hz and standard 440 Hz music on separate days. We measured salivary biomarkers of stress (cortisol, chromogranin A, and oxytocin) before and after exposure to music, and continuously recorded the activity of the autonomic nervous system. The Profile of Mood State, 2nd edition, was also administered as a subjective indicator of stress. In the 528 Hz condition, mean levels of cortisol significantly decreased, chromogranin A tended to decrease, and oxytocin significantly increased after music exposure. However, no significant change was observed in any salivary biomarkers in the 440 Hz condition. The ratio of low frequency to high frequency autonomic nervous system activity significantly decreased after exposure to both types of music, and the coefficient of variation of R-R intervals also significantly decreased, but only after exposure to 528 Hz music. Tension-anxiety and Total Mood Disturbance scores were significantly reduced after exposure to 528 Hz music, while there was no significant difference following 440 Hz music. These results suggest that the influence of music on the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system varies depending on the frequency of the music, and furthermore, that 528 Hz music has an especially strong stress-reducing effect, even following only five minutes of exposure.

关键词： Music Stress Salivary Assay Autonomic Nervous System

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Effects of Inhaled the Cyperi rhizoma and Perillae herba Essential Oil on Emotional States, Autonomic Nervous System and Salivary Biomarker

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Health 2015年第5期7卷 533-541页

作者： Tomoko Yoshizawa Yuko Tani takuji yamaguchi Masaki Sawa Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Hiroo Prime Dermatology Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Juntendo Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

It is well-known that odor has a good influence on a human mind and body. In this study, we investigated the effect of the essential oil inhalation of Cyperi rhizoma and Perillae herba which were main aromatic herbs ingredient of the Kososan, to psychological condition, autonomic nerve activity and salivary biomarker. In addition, we examined influence by the favorite difference in odor. 25 healthy female volunteers (control group: 5 people;Cyperi rhizoma group: 10 people;Perillae herba group: 10 people) were examined. POMS was examined at PRE and POST the experiment. Pulse analyser was examined and saliva samples were collected before the inhalation, just after the inhalation, 10 minutes and 20 minutes later, respectively. Saliva samples analyzed for levels of α-amylase and cortisol. At the examination for POMS after the experiment, the preference for the odor was confirmed. About both Cyperi rhizoma and Perillae herba, by the essential oil inhalation, mental stability and relaxation effect were provided in psychological and psysiological evaluation. In the “like” group, relaxation was greater than “unlike” group. However, about Cyperi rhizoma, the stress was relaxed regardless of the favorite difference in odor, and a physical relaxation effect was shown. In addition, about the autonomic nerve activity, the parasympathetic nerve was not activated, and it was suggested that it was made and stabilized the balance of the autonomic nerve.

关键词： Cyperi rhizoma Perillae herba Essential Oil Autonomic Nerve Activities Saliva POMS

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Effects of Immediate Dental Loading Implant Therapy on Electroencephalography (EEG) and Stress

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Health 2023年第6期15卷 465-474页

作者： Yuri Koseki Senichi Suzuki takuji yamaguchi Ailing Hu Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Lion Dental Clinic Machida Lion Implant Center Kanagawa Japan Department of Personalized Kampo Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Purpose: Implant therapy restores masticatory function by restoring lost tooth morphology. It has been shown that mastication contributes not only to food intake and digestion, but also to the improvement of overall health. However, there have been no studies on the effects of implant treatment on electroencephalography (EEG). In this study, we investigated the effects of restoration of masticatory function by implant treatment on EEG and stress. Methods: 13 subjects (6 males, 7 females, age 64.1 ± 5.8 years) who had lost masticatory function due to tooth loss and 11 healthy subjects (6 males, 5 females, age 47.6 ± 2.4 years) as a control group. EEG (θ, α, β waves, α/β ratio) and salivary cortisol were measured before immediate dental implant treatment and every month of treatment for 6 months. EEG (θ, α, β waves, α/β ratio) was measured with a simple electroencephalograph miniature DAQ terminal (Intercross-410, Intercross Co., Ltd., Japan) in a resting closed-eye condition, and salivary cortisol was measured using an ELISA kit. Results: Compared to the control group, the appearance of θ and α waves were significantly decreased and β waves were increased, and α/β ratio was significantly decreased. The cortisol level of the subject group was significantly higher compared with the control group. With the course of implant treatment, the appearance of θ and α waves of the subject group increased, while β waves decreased. However, no significant difference was observed. The α/β ratio of the subject group increased from the first month after implant treatment and increased significantly after 5 and 6 months (0 vs. 5 months: p < 0.05, 0 vs. 6 months: p < 0.01). The cortisol levels in the subject group decreased from the first month after implant treatment and significantly decreased after 3 or 4 months (0 vs. 3 months: p < 0.05, 0 vs. 4 months: p < 0.01). These results suggest that tooth loss causes mental stress, which decreases brain stimulation and affects function. Re

关键词： Immediate Loading Implant Electroencephalography (EEG) α/β Cortisol

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The Effects of Green Kiwifruit Ingestion on Digestive Health, Blood Flow, Skin Health, and the Autonomic Nervous System

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Health 2021年第6期13卷 647-659页

作者： Fumi Ishida Ailing Hu takuji yamaguchi Yuna Naraoka Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

We aimed to assess the impact of consuming two Zespri Hayward green kiwifruit a day on 11 healthy women subjects over a period of 4 consecutive weeks. We analyzed the effects of kiwifruit consumption on intestinal, abdominal, and bowel movement related discomfort, bowel movement frequency, peripheral blood flow, skin health, and autonomic nervous system activity. This study was a randomized control trial, consisting of a four-week intervention period. Participants were divided to ensure equal age distributions and then randomly placed into two intervention groups: a kiwifruit consumption group (n = 11) and a control group (no kiwifruit consumption) (n = 5). The kiwifruit consumption group was instructed to consume two kiwifruit a day during the 4-week intervention period, while subjects in the control group were instructed not to consume kiwifruit for the duration of the study. Besides a restriction from eating yogurt and other fruits, subjects were requested to eat their meals as per usual. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in intestinal, abdominal, and bowel movement discomfort, and a significant increase in bowel movement frequency, at 4 weeks of kiwifruit consumption compared to before consumption. In addition, subjects in the kiwifruit consumption group experienced a significant increase in blood flow, particularly in the index and middle finger at 2 and 4 weeks of kiwifruit consumption. Furthermore, subjects in the kiwifruit consumption group experienced a significant increase in skin brightness at 4 weeks of kiwifruit consumption compared to before consumption. The results of this study suggest that kiwifruit appears to be a delicious and safe option for intestinal, abdominal, and bowel movement discomfort interventions for healthy women. In addition, kiwifruit may aid in increasing bowel movement frequency, peripheral blood flow, and brightness of skin among healthy women as well.

关键词： Kiwifruit Dietary Fiber Digestion Autonomic Nervous System Blood Flow Skin Health

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5-Aminolevulinic Acid Improves Water Content and Reduces Skin Wrinkling

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Health 2020年第7期12卷 709-716页

作者： Yuna Naraoka Ailing Hu takuji yamaguchi Norio Saga Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Institute of Sports Science & Medicine Teikyo University Tokyo Japan

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a natural amino acid that is used as a raw material for the biosynthesis of red-blood-cell hemoglobin in humans and animals. ALA is the subject of research in a wide range of human health care fields, including skin care and medicine. This study investigated whether and to what extent cosmetics containing ALA (skin lotions and creams) improved facial-skin condition in women. As such, a double-blind controlled experiment was conducted among 45 women aged 47.0 ± 1.72 years. Participants were divided into two intervention groups, including those who used cosmetics containing ALA (C-ALA, n = 22) and those who used cosmetics without ALA (W-ALA, n = 23). Specifically, participants were instructed to use their assigned cosmetics twice per day (morning and evening) after washing their faces before each application. Inner skin condition and skin-water content were evaluated via VISIA-Evolution and Multi Display Devices at baseline and after four and eight weeks of use. The experiment lasted for a total of eight weeks. A baseline comparison at week four showed that skin moisture content increased significantly for the C-ALA group (p = 0.021). Further, wrinkling significantly decreased at week four among participants in the C-ALA group who were evaluated as having many wrinkles at baseline (p = 0.034). These findings suggest that cosmetics containing ALA have moisturizing effects and reduce wrinkling caused by dryness.

关键词： 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Wrinkle Cosmetics Facial Skin

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The Effect of Rice Flour for Amelioration of Sleeping in Social Isolated Mice

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Health 2019年第5期11卷 464-471页

作者： Satoshi Kimura Ailing Hu takuji yamaguchi Masayuki Kato Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

In an era where the health-damaging effects of wheat flour (gluten) are increasingly recognized, rice flour has become an important alternative for many people, yet its psychophysiological effects remain largely unknown. Here, we report the potential beneficial effects of rice flour for sleep disturbances in stressed mice. Four-week-old male ddY mice were reared in social isolation for 4 weeks. The control group was reared in a social group. Rice flour was given orally in food to isolated mice at a dose of 2.5 w/w% and 5.0 w/w% for 4 weeks from the start of isolation rearing. MF food was given to the control group. Pentobarbital-induced (40 mg/kg, i.p.) time to sleep induction and righting reflex was measured to determine the effects of rice flour on sleep behavior. Blood samples were obtained after the experiments, and serum corticosterone was measured. Sections from the prefrontal cortex and the brainstem were isolated to measure serotonin, dopamine and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations. We found that the administration of rice flour dose-dependently improved time to sleep and reduced sleep time in socially isolated mice. Blood corticosterone concentrations, which increased after isolation stress, were decreased after the administration of rice flour. Serotonin and dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex which decreased after isolation stress improved after the administration of rice flour. Brainstem IL-6 concentrations increased after isolation stress, but decreased dose-dependently after rice flour administration. Our results suggest that rice flour reverses sleep disturbances in mice induced by social isolation.

关键词： Rice Flour Isolation Stress Sleeping Serotonin Dopamine Interleukin (IL)-6

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Depigmentory Effects of Keishibukuryogankayokuinin in Human Epidermal Melanocytes

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Health 2019年第7期11卷 869-879页

作者： Kaho Akimoto takuji yamaguchi Yuna Naraoka Ailing Hu Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Japanese Center for Research on Women in Sport Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

Keishibukuryogankayokuinin (KBY) is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine widely used to treat skin pigmentation. The scientific basis for its use is, however, unclear, and studies evaluating its mechanism and effectiveness are sparse. In this study, we compared the tyrosinase inhibitory effects of KBY and Keishibukuryogan (KB, which has the same composition of KBY, except Coix Seed [CS]) and CS under exposure to UV radiation as well as under non-exposure conditions. Neonatal human epidermal melanocytes obtained from a darkly pigmented donor were used. These cells were cultured in a final concentration of 500 μg/ml or 1000 μg/ml, to which KBY, KB, and CS were added. After incubation for 72 h, cells were stained with Fontana-Masson stain and counted. Tyrosinase activity was measured by its dopa oxidase activity, and tyrosinase expression was estimated using real-time PCR. For UV radiation, cells were exposed to UVB radiation for 90 s per day for 3 days. Under non-exposure conditions, tyrosinase activity significantly increased with both KBY and KB but significantly decreased with CS, regardless of the concentration. In addition, tyrosinase expression significantly decreased but only with KBY at both concentrations. Under UV radiation exposure, tyrosinase activity significantly increased with KBY and KB at both concentrations while tyrosinase expression significantly decreased with KBY and KB;a significant increase was, however, observed with CS at both concentrations. These results suggest that taking KBY after sunburn is effective against skin pigmentation, and the combination of KB and CS is useful for skin depigmentation.

关键词： Keishibukuryogankayokuinin Coix Seed UVB Tyrosinase Melanocytes

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The Influence of Oral Malodor on Psychological Stress

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Health 2019年第5期11卷 501-510页

作者： Masayuki Kato Ailing Hu Satoshi Kimura takuji yamaguchi Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Ginza Daiko Dental Clinic Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

We examined the influence of oral malodor on psychological stress among patients with a chief complaint of oral malodor. A total of 101 patients (40 male and 61 female) who visited our clinic with a chief complaint of oral malodor were included in this study. The primary compounds of oral malodor—volatile sulfur compounds (VSC)—were measured using the Oral ChromaTM instrument. Salivary stress markers, cortisol, and chromogranin A were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The mood was measured using the Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition (POMS2). Among the participants, 60.3% had at least one level above the threshold in the following three markers: hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide. The gender distribution was 35 female (57.4%) and 25 male (62.5%). Salivary cortisol levels, a biomarker of stress, did not vary depending on the presence or absence of oral malodor. Chromogranin A levels were higher in the oral malodor female group than in the no oral malodor female group. With respect to the POMS2, regardless of the presence or absence of oral malodor measured using gas chromatography, the participants had higher scores for “Anger-Hostility” and “Fatigue-Inertia”. Analysis by gender showed that “Depression-Dejection” was significantly higher in the oral malodor female group than in the no oral malodor female group. These results suggest that those who are worried about oral malodor have higher psychological stress than those who are not, regardless of the presence or absence of oral malodor measured using gas chromatography.

关键词： Oral Malodor Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSC) Stress Salivary Assay POMS2

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Effects of Fiber Supplementation for Four Weeks on Athletic Performance in Japanese College Athletes: A Case Study—Measurement of the Athletic Performance, Salivary Biomarkers of Stress, and Mood, Affect Balance

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Health 2017年第3期9卷 556-567页

作者： Fusako Sugiyama takuji yamaguchi Ailing Hu Aya Kobayashi Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Palm International Shonan Kanagawa Japan Institute of Next Generation SMILE Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

Aim: In this study, we explored the effects of dietary fiber on athletic performance. Methods: Twenty healthy college athletes (male/female, 1/1) consumed 6 grams of dietary fiber (Fiberpro, Taiyo Lab Inc., Tokyo) daily for four weeks and were evaluated for their athletic performance, salivary biomarkers of stress (α-amylase activity pre-post exercise, cortisol, melatonin, and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels), and mood/affect using the Profile of Mood State 2nd edition (POMS 2®). Measurements were taken at baseline (before supplementation), at Week 4 (after 4 weeks of supplementation), and at Week 8 (4 weeks after the completion of supplementation). Results: Results showed that athletic performance and exercise-induced elevation in salivary α-amylase activity improved with Fiberpro supplementation in both men and women. Further, the Anger-Hostility scale in POMS was significantly elevated in men;in women, an increase in Vigor-Activity score, a single index of positive mood, was noted. These findings suggest that Fiberpro may induce differential affective responses in men and women. Meanwhile, Fiberpro did not affect the normal diurnal changes in salivary melatonin and SIgA levels, but it appeared to augment the normal circadian patterns of cortisol, an effect that persisted for a month without Fiberpro intake. We propose that boosting fiber intake in young, healthy athletes may improve gut microbiota and confer resilience against stress.

关键词： Athletic Performance Dietary Fiber Salivary Assay Stress

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The Influence of a Posture on the Autonomic Nervous System and Stress Hormones in Saliva

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Health 2020年第2期12卷 118-126页

作者： Yusuke Goto Ailing Hu takuji yamaguchi Nobuhiro Suetake Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.

Humans and animals give several impressions to their recipients with their postures. In this study, the influence of postures on a body was examined through the perspective of the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system. The subjects were 18 healthy adults (7 males and 11 females). A slouching posture like arching back was defined as a low power pose (LP), and a posture straightening back and throwing out chest is defined as a high power pose (HP). Starting at rest, the subjects took LP posture and changed to HP posture, and their autonomic nervous functions were measured and their saliva was collected before and after taking each posture. In taking LP posture, the decrease of the parasympathetic nervous activity, the increase of the pathetic nervous activity and the increase of chromogranin A in saliva were observed. The increase of the autonomic nervous activity, and the decrease of chromogranin A which had been increased by taking LP posture were observed by taking HP posture. There was no influence on cortisol by taking either of the postures. This study suggested that bad postures such as curving back affected stress reactions through the perspective of the endocrine system and the automatic nervous system.

关键词： Stress Posture Autonomic Nervous System Saliva Cortisol Chromogranin A

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